M'nkhaniyi, muphunziranso mtundu wa maluwa ndi mtundu wanji wa banja la kakombo. Tidzakambirana mitundu yonse ya maluwa a maluwa, omwe amadabwitsa komanso amatsitsimutsa, amasangalala ndi diso komanso mafuta enaake.
Lily ndi wa banja la kakombo. Ndizitsamba zosatha zomwe zimakhala ndi mapepala apansi ndi babu.
Mukudziwa? Lily Leuchtlin ku Japan amadyedwa ndipo amaonedwa ngati wamba.
Lily: makhalidwe a m'banja
Zilonda zakutchire, komanso mitundu yonse, mitundu ndi hybrids ndi a Liliacevet lily order banja. Maluŵa a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu amagawira pafupifupi padziko lonse lapansi. Pali mitundu yoposa 600 ya maluwa, ndipo pali mitundu yambirimbiri yomwe imalembedwa ndi apadera a Royal Horticultural Society.
Mbali yaikulu ya banja - kukhalapo kwa anyezi (kapena corm), kumene zomera zimapeza zakudya.
Mukudziwa? Mthunzi wa chipale chofewa, matalala a chisanu ndi hyacinths ndi a banja la Lilyins.
Tsinde la liliaceae ngati masamba opanda masamba. Masamba ndi ozama, okwanira. Maluwa ambiri a liliaceae amasonkhanitsidwa mu burashi inflorescence, kawirikawiri - osungulumwa. Zipatso zimaperekedwa monga mawonekedwe kapena mabokosi. Pali mitundu yambiri ya m'nkhalango m'mabanja a Lileins, omwe amaimiridwa ndi kusamba, kakombo wa chigwa ndi diso la khwangwala. Banja ili limaphatikizapo anyezi omwe timagwiritsa ntchito kuphika.
Banja la kakombo limagawidwa m'mabanja angapo odziimira okhaokha:
- Aspheric
- Kwenikweni kakombo
- Scylla
- Anyezi
- Katsitsumzukwa
- Sassaparile
Kakombo palokha ndi ya maluwa, mitundu ndi hybrids yomwe idzakambirane mopitirira.
Asia hybrids
Ma hybrids a Asia a maluwa akuonedwa kuti ndi osiyana kwambiri pakati pa mitundu yonse ya zinyama za maluwa awa.
Chaka chatsopano chimatsegula mitundu yambiri ya maluwa. Koma otchuka kwambiri akupeza barbershop hybrids. Maluwa amasiyana chifukwa ali ndi zikopa zazing'ono pa masamba onse a perianth. Mabala a stroke angakhale osiyana: kuwala kofiira, kuwala kofiira, kofiira ndi kofiira.
Mukudziwa? Pafupifupi 30 peresenti ya maluwa onse padziko lonse ndi Asia hybrids.
Odziwika bwino a Asian hybrids oimira monga: Eliya, Vanguard, Rostani, Zhuravinka, Zorka Venus, Delta. Koma nthumwi ya Ellou idabwa kwambiri. Lily amenya wachikasu chikasu ndi bulakwa mabala pa masamba a masamba ndi yaitali maluwa.
Mitundu iwiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imapitirizabe ndi barkhams. Maluwa ameneŵa a mitundu yosiyanasiyana amadabwa ndi mithunzi ndi mazithunzi awo. Zovomerezeka zapamwamba Grand Cru ndi Sorbet. Ngati mukufuna zomera zazing'ono, maluwa a gulu la Pixie amaimiridwa ndi maluwa omwe kutalika kwake sikuposa 40 cm.
Ikani
Izi zosiyanasiyana sizikhala fungo lililonse. Kutalika kumafikira 60 cm, ndipo kutalika kwa duwa ndi masentimita 15. Nthawi ya maluwa a maluwa imakhala mu June ndi July. Maluwa amenewa amatsutsidwa ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Dulani mapesi akhoza kukhala pakhomo kwa masiku 12.
Martagon, zinyama zodabwitsa
Zofiira zofiira zofiira zimadziwika ndi kukongola kwawo, fungo, ndi multicolor (maluwa 30-50). Chofunika kwambiri ndi kukana kuzizira, matenda ndi mavairasi.
Ndikofunikira! Mababu a hybrid awa amakhala othandiza kwa zaka 30!Komabe, Martagon ali ndi zovuta zina: mizu yofooka yapamwamba (kupanikiza kubereka) ndi chinthu chochepa chowonjezeretsa.
Tsekani kwambiri mu nkhaniyo. Martagon hybrid yoyamba inapezeka mu 1886 ku Holland kuchokera pamtunda wa kakombo wa Ganson ndi crispy woyera. Gulu ili losakanizidwa limatchedwa "Markhan". Gululi likuphatikizapo mitundu yosangalatsa, monga Helen Wilmott, GF. Wilson ndi E.I. Elves
Nkhumba zobiriwira zili ndi mitundu yoposa 200 yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yawo. Ambiri mwa iwo ndi osowa kwambiri moti amakayikira ngakhale akadalipo.
Mmodzi wa oimira "gulu losadziwika" ndi Lilith
Izi ndi zoweta zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa ndi mitundu yawo yosadziwika. Mwamwayi, zosawerengeka zoterezi zakhala pafupifupi nthano. Zimadziwika kuti chomeracho chili ndi kutalika kwa mamita 2, masambawo amakhala osindikizira, maluwa ndi ofiira-wakuda.
Tiyeni tipite kwa okongola Mzinda wa Terrace. Chomeracho chikhala ndi mamita 1.5, kutalika kwake kwa maluwa a chikasu ndi masentimita 7. Pakati pa maluwa, padzakhala maluwa okwana 20-25 pa chitsamba chimodzi.
Taganizirani zokongola zosiyanasiyana ndi rosebuds - Oyambirira Mbalame. Ndizo lily oyambirira. Mbalame zoyambirira zimakhala ndi masentimita asanu, ndipo kutalika kwa chitsamba kufika pa masentimita 120. "Mbalame zoyambirira" zimaphulika pakati pa mwezi wa June. Zosiyanazi ndizosowa kwambiri komanso zakalamba, kotero zimakhala zovuta kupeza.
Choncho, mtundu uwu umadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu. Komabe, mitundu yambiri ndi yosavuta kapena yowopsya.
Ndikofunikira! Ngakhale kuti matendawa amatsutsa matenda, Martag hybrids amadwala matenda awa: fusarium, imvi yovunda ndi botrytis imvi.
Candidum, woyera hybrids
M'gawo lino tidzakambirana lilies candidum.
Ichi ndi choyera choyera cha maluwa, omwe amawoneka okongola kwambiri ndipo ali ndi fungo labwino. 
Candida ndi mitundu yokhayo yomwe ili ndi mtundu wa Mediterranean. Agawidwa izi wosakanizidwa ku Balkan ndi ku Western Asia.
Maluwa okongola a chipale chofewa amakula pafupifupi mamita 1, ali ndi maluwa okwatirana omwe ali ndi masentimita 5-7 masentimita. Maluwawo ndi aakulu, amatsogoleredwa pamwamba, amasonkhana mu gulu lalifupi. Maluwa okongola amamasula kuchokera pakati pa June mpaka July.
Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo maluwa, kakombo Candida amapita mu mpumulo, pambuyo pake gawo lonse la pansi limamwalira.
Maluti Wodwala alibe kukana kwachilengedwe matenda ndi mavairasi, choncho amafunikira chisamaliro chochuluka kusiyana ndi chakale chosakanizidwa.
Zakale za mbiriyakale. Maluwa okongola a chipale chofewa anayamba kukhala oyamba ku Ulaya. Dzina la mtundu wa lilium limamasuliridwa monga "whiteness". M'mayiko a ku Middle East, kakombo woyera kanagwiritsidwa ntchito osati zokongoletsa zokha, koma ndi mankhwala - mafuta ndi mafuta odzola anapangidwa kuchokera kumbali. Choncho, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu ya maluwa imayang'ana ku maluwa a Candid, omwe amawakonda ku Ulaya, kenaka ankaitanitsa ku America ndi Russia.
Lily Candida amapanga masamba a basal ndipo amadziwika ndi kusowa kwa mizu ya tsinde. Mtundu uwu umafuna nthaka pang'ono ya alangizi yomwe madzi sagonjetsedwa.
Wosakanizidwa ali ndi masamba akuluakulu (mpaka 25 cm) omwe amakhala oposa 4 kuposa masamba apamwamba. Mababu oyera a kakombo ndi oyera ndipo amakhala ndi mamita awiri mpaka masentimita 15.
Mtundu umenewu umachokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa, a chalcedony ndi a maluwa oyera. Taganizirani zosiyanasiyana za Apollo.
Lilia apollo
Mbalame yokongola ya Apollo ili ndi masamba ambiri, zimayambira bwino za mtundu wobiriwira. Maluwa amitundu yosiyanasiyana amakula mpaka 150 cm. Maluwa a chipale chofewa amasungunuka kuyambira June kufika kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Mlingo wa maluwawo ndi 10-12 masentimita. Izi zimakhala ndi maluwa onunkhira komanso tsinde lamphamvu, koma, monga mitundu yonse ya Candida, imakhala ndi mavairasi ndi matenda.
Amitundu achimereka
Amitundu a ku America akuphatikizapo kambuku, Colombiya, kakombo a ku Canada, omwe amakula ku North America. Zimapezeka m'mapiri a Atlantic ndi Pacific. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ziume chilimwe ndi nyengo yozizira. Maluwa a America, mwatsoka, osati kufalikira. Zomera za hybrid iyi ili kutalika kwa mamita 2, chalmid maluwa ndi awiri a 10-12 masentimita amasonkhanitsidwa mu pyramidal inflorescences, amakonda nthaka pang'ono acidic ndi zabwino ngalande. Maluwa okongola, a orange, a mtundu wa orange kapena ofiira amakhala ndi mdima wofiira kapena wakuda. Amitundu a ku America ali a rhizomatous maluwa.
Ndikofunikira! Ma hybrids a ku America samakonda kusintha, choncho amafunika kubzalidwa nthawi yomweyo kumalo osatha m'munda.
The American hybrids ndi mitundu ya Del North, Buttercap, Shuksan (maluwa a golide), Cherry Wood (maluwa ofiira) ndi San Gabriel.
Long-flowered hybrids, longiflorum
Longiflorum amachokera ku Japan. Ku Ulaya, nsombazi zinayambira pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900 ndipo zinali zokhazokha zomwe zinagwedezeka pa mafakitale. 
Longiflorum ili ndi masamba akuluakulu okongola ndi maluwa oyera a mafunde omwe amapezeka pamtunda. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kwa hybrid iyi ndi pachimake kawiri - m'chilimwe ndi kumapeto kwa October.
Ndikofunikira! Maluŵa longiflorum amamera okha vegetatively.
Kutalika kwa maluwa kumadutsa kuchokera masentimita 120 mpaka 2 mamitawa. Izi zimaphatikizapo chisanu, choncho nthawi zambiri zimabzala mu mphika monga chomera. Mukamafika pansi mumayenera kusungunula bwinobwino.
Kenaka, taganizirani za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa a White White ndi White Elegance.
Lily White Haven
Kakombo wa mitunduyi ali ndi kutalika kwa mamita 1, maluwa awiri a masentimita 20 ndipo mozizira amaundana. Maluwa amalukira amodzi kamodzi pachaka, koma mochuluka (mpaka mafinzu akulu 10 amapanga chitsamba). Maluwa amapezeka kumapeto kwa June - July. Maonekedwe a maluwawo amakhala ngati belu ndi fungo lokoma. Kakombo kameneka kamatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe atsopano ndi mphamvu ya fungo mu vase kwa nthawi yaitali; maluwa a maluwa okongola adzakondweretsa maso mpaka masabata awiri. Malo Oyera Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokwera pa flowerbeds ndi mixborders. 
White Elegance
Maluwa oyera amitundu yosiyanasiyana ali ndi mthunzi wa saladi; maluwa mwake - masentimita 15. White Elegance imakula mpaka masentimita 150 mu msinkhu ndipo ili ndi phesi lamphamvu la mtundu wobiriwira. Maluwa a zosiyanasiyana awa ndi fungo losangalatsa. Maluwa amapezeka kumapeto kwa June.
Zosakanizidwa
Nkhumba za mtundu wa Orlean ndi Orlean zimakhala zovuta zowonongeka ndipo ziri pakati pa magulu ofunika kwambiri a maluwa. Pakalipano, chiwerengero cha mitundu ya tubular hybrids ndi yochepa mu chiwerengero chokha kwa mitundu ya Asian hybrids.
Mukudziwa? Mitundu ya George C. Creelman inali yoyamba yambiri yomwe Isabella Preston anabala mu 1919.
Maluwa a mchere wambiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndi mtundu (woyera, kirimu, wachikasu ku lalanje kapena pinki, kawirikawiri ali ndi "khungu" la nyenyezi zosiyana). Mlingo wa maluwa onunkhira ndi masentimita 17.
Maluwa otentha ndi maluwa omwe amakula kuchokera pa 120 mpaka 190 masentimita mu msinkhu, amakhala ndi tsinde lamphamvu komanso masamba akuluakulu. Kulimbana ndi kutentha kwakukulu.
Ribbed hybrids pachimake kwa nthawi yayitali, maluwa imapezeka nthawi kuyambira June mpaka October. Komabe, chaka chilichonse nthawi yamaluwa ikhoza kukhala yosiyana.
Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya mtundu wa tubular yothirapo ndi Lilium African Queen, Lilium Golden Splendor, Lilium Pink Perfection ndi Lilium Regale.
Liliamu mfumu ya ku Africa
Maluwawo ndi okongola alanje ndi zizindikiro zamkuwa kunja kwa maluwa. Khalani ndi chidwi cholimba kwambiri. The m'mimba mwa duwa ndi 15-16 masentimita, izo limamasula ndi yaying'ono yamphesa wa 3-5 maluwa. Kutalika kwa zomera kumakhala masentimita 90. Mmerawu uli ndi tsinde lamphamvu kwambiri ndipo ndi yabwino kudula.
Eastern hybrids
Zakale za Kum'maŵa ndi maluwa okongola ndi maluwa akulu ndi fungo losaneneka.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya maluwa akummawa.
Marcopolo
Mayiko oyambirira akubwera mosiyana. Nthawi zina amakula mpaka masentimita 30. Ndipo izi zikutanthawuza kuti n'zotheka kukula maluwa a wosakanizidwayi m'munda wa flowerbeds komanso m'nyumba. Kawirikawiri ndimadera a kummawa amayamba kudulidwa, chifukwa ali ndi mtundu wowala komanso wosakondweretsa.
Pakatikati mwa kakombo ndi masentimita 22. Mpaka 14 peduncles ingapangidwe pa phesi limodzi. Maluwa amenewa amamwetsa bwino ndipo amatha kupanga maluwa a mkwatibwi. Wosakanizidwayu akuphulika kumapeto kwa July-September.
LA Hybrids
Ma hybrids a LA ndi osakanikirana ndi a Asia omwe amawundana, omwe, atasakaniza, amapanga maluwa osakhwima.
Mbali yaikulu ya maluwa amenewa - mtundu waukulu wa mtundu, kuyambira woyera mpaka maroon wakuda.
Nthanga zimakula mumlengalenga zonse ndipo zimatha kusamba m'nyengo yozizira ndi yophukira. Ubwino wa hybrids ndizomwe zimayambira, kutetezeka kwa matenda a fungal, komanso maluwa akuluakulu okhwima.
Algavre
Mitunduyi imamera mu June-July ndipo imafika masentimita 120 mu msinkhu.
Maluwa a maluwa amenewa ali ndi maluwa okwana 18-25 masentimita awiri. Ma hybrids a LA amakonda kwambiri kudula ndi kubzala. Ndiponso amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinyumba zamkati.
Ambiri mwa maluwa a hybrid awa amamera mutabzala kale masiku makumi asanu ndi awiri.
Ndikofunikira! Kulima kulimbikitsidwa mu nthaka yopanda ndale.
Orienpets
Orienpet - ma hybrids adapezeka kuchokera kudutsa m'mayendedwe a kum'mawa ndi tubular. Zotsatira zake - mapesi aakulu a maluwa, fungo lokongola ndi tchire mpaka mamita awiri mu msinkhu.
Black kukongola
Peduncles mpaka 12 masentimita awiri, utoto mu rasipiberi mtundu. Maluwa pansi. Pa phesi limodzi maluwa 10 amaikidwa.
Kalasi idzakhala yoyenera kudula, komanso kukongoletsa khonde kapena bedi. Maluwa a wosakanizidwa amayamba mu Julayi-August ndipo amakondwera ndi fungo lake lokongola. Chomera sichikudwala ndipo sichikukhudzidwa ndi tizirombo. Komanso ali ndi winter hardiness.
Mukudziwa? Origpet woyamba anaonekera mu 1957 ku United States. Leslie Woodriff anakhala mpainiya wa maluwa amenewa. Zosiyanasiyana zimatchedwa "BlackButyuty".
M'nkhaniyi taona mtundu wa kakombo kake, momwe amasiyana pakati pawo ndi mtundu, kutalika, mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa duwa. Tinakuwonetsani kusiyana ndi kufanana pakati pa hybrids, zinawonetsera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa okongola awa. Ambiri mwa iwo akhala okondweretsa eni ake ndi mitundu yowala kwambiri kwa zaka zoposa khumi ndi ziwiri, pamene ena ali ndi mwayi wa minda ya botanical.
