Chimodzi mwa mbewu zomwe amakonda kwambiri m'munda wamaluwa ndi rasipiberi. Dziko losawerengeka popanda chitsulo rasipiberi chitsamba chimodzi kapena mitundu yambiri.
M'nkhani ino tidzakambirana mmene tingamere ndi kusamalira remontant raspberries.
Momwe mungamwetsere raspberries, ndi ngati mungachite
Chimodzi mwa zinsinsi zazikulu za kukula kwa raspberries za mitundu iyi ndiyo njira yoyenera yothiriramo. Chomeracho chimaonedwa kuti ndi chinyezi, koma mizu yake ili pafupi ndi nthaka, choncho imatha kuyanika. Kuperewera kwa chinyezi kumakhudza kwambiri khalidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa mbeu.
Iyenera kuthiriridwa kamodzi pa sabata. Komabe, pa masiku owuma ayenera kuchitidwa nthawi zambiri, kusunga nthaka mu raspberries yonyowa. Ngati dothi likadakonzedwa kumapeto kwa nyengo, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa.
Kuchuluka kwa madzi okwanira ayenera kukhala kotero kuti nthaka ikhale yonyowa pafupifupi masentimita 40. Ndikofunika kwambiri kusunga boma nthawi yomweyo maluwa, pa kukula ndi kucha kwa zipatso.
Koma ngozi yowonjezereka sikuyenera kunyalanyazidwa. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madzi mu raspberries, mpweya sungakhoze kufika mizu ya tchire, ndipo mu nyengo kutentha kwa nthaka kudzagwa ndi madigiri angapo. Izi zidzayambitsa kuchepetsa kukula. Kumapeto kwa nthawi yachisanu, kumadzulo kwa nyengo yozizira, amachititsa kuthirira madzi okwanira kwambiri kuti athetse nthaka ndi madzi.
Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito ulimi wothirira - umapulumutsa madzi. Koma mungagwiritse ntchito njira iliyonse yabwino. Ndikofunika kuti madzi asakhale ozizira - asanamwe madzi ayenera kuloledwa kutentha.
Mukudziwa? Mawu akuti "remontant" amachokera ku mawu achi French akuti "remontant", kutanthauza "kuwuka kachiwiri." Monga momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito pa zosiyanasiyanazi, rasipiberi imatanthawuza kuti ikhoza kukhala ndi maluwa nthawi zonse ndi fruiting nthawi yonse ya vegetative.
Kusamalira rasipiberi, kupalira mmunsi ndi kumasula dziko lapansi
Kusamalira rasipiberi yokonza ndi kosavuta. Kuwonjezera pa kuthirira nthawi zonse kumasula nthaka ndi weeding ndi raspberries akufunika. Kutsegulira kumapangidwira mozama kwambiri kuposa masentimita 7 m'litali mwa mita kuchokera pakati pa chitsamba.
Kuwonjezera apo, kamodzi kapena kawiri pamwezi kuyenera kuchitidwa. nthaka mulching ndi humus pakati pa mizere ya tchire. Zimathandiza kulimbikitsa ndikukula mizu ya raspberries, kuti ikhale ndi masamba ambiri pa nthambi.
Zomalizazi ndi zabwino osati zokolola zokha, komanso kupanga mapangidwe a cuttings. Sizomveka kukulunga tchire m'nyengo yozizira. M'dzinja, kumtunda kudulidwa, ndipo mizu yokha imalekerera chisanu bwino.
Mukudziwa? Kukonzekera rasipiberi kungabereke chipatso chaka chachiwiri. Chokolola choyamba chimadza pa mizu yazaka ziwiri, ndipo pa chaka chimodzi chokha - pambuyo pake. Koma yoyamba imadzitulutsa yokha kwambiri yothira, zomwe ndizovuta kukolola kachiwiri. Ndiyetu, yachiwiriyo imatengedwa kuti ndi yamtengo wapatali kwambiri. Choncho, kawirikawiri izi rasipiberi zosiyanasiyana zimakula ngati chaka chomera. Ndiye zipatso zabwino kwambiri zowutsa mudyo komanso zowonjezera zimapsa kumapeto kwa chilimwe (malingana ndi dera).
Kuposa kuwaza raspberries ku tizirombo
Chithandizo cha raspberries m'chaka cha matenda ndi tizilombo toononga timakhala ndi makhalidwe ake enieni. Nthaŵi zambiri mbozi, rasipiberi ndi akangaude, aphid, mapiritsi a rasipiberi amayambitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ndibwino kuti mumenyane nawo ndikukonzekera zitsamba, chifukwa Kuchitira tchire ndi mankhwala sizodabwitsa kwambiri pa maluwa.
Kubwezera nkhupakupa, Ndi bwino kupopera tchire ndi kulowetsedwa kwa adyo kapena mapeyala anyezi. 100 g imodzi kapena ina imadzipukutira mu chidebe cha madzi ndikuumirira masiku atatu. Kenaka osasankhidwa, onjezerani 50 g wa sopo kapena zitsulo zoyamba kutsuka.
Kulimbana ndi nsikidzi gwiritsani ntchito chisakanizo china. 50 g wa sopo grated umasungunuka mu lita imodzi yamadzi ofunda. Mosiyana, lita imodzi ya nkhuni phulusa imadzipiritsidwa ndi 5 malita a madzi. Chisakanizocho ndi chosakanizidwa ndi chosakanikirana.
Mu botolo la 50 ml, theka ladzaza ndi madzi, sungunulani supuni ya supuni ya mafuta ya paloseni, kugwedezeka mwamphamvu. Amaphatikizidwa ku makonzedwe okonzedwa ndi madzi kuti apange malita 10. Chida chotsatiracho chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwamsanga.
Ngati rasipiberi isanaphuke, imatha kuchiritsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Koma ngati raspberries amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chomera chaka ndi chaka, kuwononga tizilombo kumakhala kosavuta. Dulani mphukira pa kugwa, ziyenera kutchulidwa ndi malo ndi kutentha. M'chaka cha tizilombo tatsopano tangokhala opanda nthawi yowonjezera.
Malamulo a fetereza ndikudyetsa kawirikawiri ndi remontativnoy rasipiberi
Mofanana ndi zina zilizonse, rasipiberi remontant amafuna kusamalira ndi kudyetsa. Kawirikawiri biennial baka pa nthaka mulching ali feteleza ndi mchere feteleza. Kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, pamene raspberries zikukula molimba, nayitrogeni feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunthaka. Kenaka tengani zovutazo, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zinthu zina, potassium, phosphorous, nayitrogeni.
Koma sikuti aliyense amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, kupatula feteleza.
Pankhaniyi, funso la momwe angadyetse raspberries m'chaka, limathetsedwa ndi kulenga mbalame zitosi fetelezaamene anawomba kwa milungu ingapo. Zidasankhidwa ndi magawo 20 a madzi.
Angagwiritse ntchito mullein wofufumitsa, koma mu chiŵerengero cha 1:10 (5 malita pa mita imodzi lalikulu). Kavalidwe kotere kawirikawiri imachitika pambuyo kuthirira mu nyengo yofunda. Kawirikawiri, kwa chaka pansi aliyense chitsamba ayenera anaika za 4 ndowa humus.
Chisankho cha momwe mungadyetse raspberries m'chaka chimadalira ngati inu munachita izo mu chilimwe. Ngati kumapeto kwa chilimwe feteleza sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndiye m'chaka chiri chofunika kuwonjezereka ndalama zawo.
Kudulira raspberries mu kasupe, chilimwe ndi autumn
Njira zoyamba zowonongeka raspberries ziyenera kuchitika masika, kuti mphukira yowonjezera musatulutse zamasamba. Kuonjezerapo, mwa njira iyi mumapereka kuchuluka kwa dzuwa mu raspberries.
Nthawi yoyenera yotsatila - kuyambira kwa kufalikira kwa impso. Panali nthawi yomwe zinthu zofunika pakukula zimapangidwa m'magulu aang'ono.
Ndikofunikira! Kukonzekera cuttings kwa kuswana ikuchitika kumapeto kwa kasupe. Kudula mphukira kumalimbikitsidwa kaya mvula yamtambo, kapena m'mawa kwambiri.
Kusamalira raspberries remontant kumaphatikizapo kudulira kwathunthu kwa mphukira pambuyo kotsiriza kotuta.Panthawi yomweyi musiye kutsekemera sikuvomerezedwa. Izi zidzakuthandizani kukula bwino kwa mtsogolo ndipo zimalonjeza kukolola kwakukulu.
Momwe mungamangirire rasipiberi, phunzirani njira
Ngati kasupe kamatha kusamalira raspberries, zokolola zimapezeka zambiri. Pankhaniyi, mphukira siingathe kupirira kukula kwa zipatso ndikuuluka. Pofuna kupewa izi, mapesi amangidwa.
Kuchita izi mkatikati mwa chilimwe, pamene kukula kwa mbeu kumathera ndipo imalowa nthawi ya maluwa. Mphukira imamangirizidwa ku chithandizo (mwachitsanzo, trellis) akafika pafupifupi 50 cm. Ichi ndi choyamba chovala. Yachiwiri ikuchitika pamene ikukula 1-1.5 m. Kenaka, pamene akusuntha nthambi, zipatsozo zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mphepo.
Ndikofunikira! Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti ma rasipiberi samachotsa. Ziri mu nthambi zowonjezereka zomwe sizowonjezera mpweya kuti bowa zimayamba kuchuluka. Choncho, nthawi zambiri tchire timabzala pamtunda wa mamita. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito trellis m'lifupi mukhoza kukhala 20-35 masentimita.
Kukolola
Mwamsanga mphukira imayamba kukula ndi kutambasula, mofulumira kukolola kudzawoneka. Ena amathamangitsa njirayi, kuphimba raspberries kumayambiriro kwa kasupe ndi pogona yapadera.
Zimapangidwa kuchokera ku filimu yofiira kapena yosakanizidwa. Pamene mphukira imakula pafupifupi masentimita 15, imachotsedwa.
Mwanjira imeneyi mukhoza kukwaniritsa zokolola pafupifupi masabata awiri kale. Kusonkhanitsa raspberries za zosiyanasiyanazi zingakhale kamodzi pa sabata kapena pang'ono pokha, pakufunika.
Mukudziwa? Ngati chilimwe chimakhala chozizira kapena raspberries akukula kumpoto, iwo samayembekezera kuti zipatso zomaliza zizitsuka pa mphukira. Dulani nsonga zawo ndi zipatso zachisawawa, zouma, ndi m'nyengo yozizira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zowonjezera ku tiyi.
Njira za kusambira rasipiberi
Rasipiberi yokonzanso amafunika kutsatira malamulo apadera osati kubzala komanso kusamalira, komanso kubzala.
Cuttings ndi mizu suckers
Pofuna kuswana, gwiritsani ntchito mphukira zobiriwira zomwe zikukula pafupi ndi rhizome yokha, zikhale ndi mbali ya bleached ndipo sizinapitirire masentimita asanu 5. Onetsetsani kuti masamba onse apangidwa kale.
Kudula kudula kumachitika mozama masentimita 3-5. Monga tanenera kale, ndondomekoyi imachitika m'chaka cha dzuwa kapena m'mawa. Pambuyo padera, imayikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha kotero kuti imayamba mizu. Ntchitoyi imatenga pafupifupi masiku 20.
Pamene mizu ikuwonekera, mdulidwe uli ndi mafuta ndi makala, ndipo kudula komweku kumabzalidwa pansi mozama mofanana ndi momwe kudula. Nthawi zina poyamba zimayikidwa muzitsulo imodzi imodzi kuti zikule.
Pofuna kubereka, mizu imafufuzidwa ndi mamita awiri mm 2 ndipo zidutswa za 7-10 masentimita zimadulidwa. Zimadzikidwa mu nthaka yokonzeka mozama masentimita 7. Bedi liyenera kuthiriridwa, kenako likulumikizidwa ndi kutsekedwa m'nyengo yozizira. M'chaka, mutachotsa malo osungirako chisanu, ikani filimu ya pulasitiki mpaka mutenge mphukira.
Mbewu ndi kugawa chitsamba
Komabe, sizivuta kupeza malo abwino a zitsime pafupi ndi rasipiberi a zosiyanasiyana. Choncho, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira yosavuta yobereka - chitsamba chogawanika. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti pazigawo zonse zolekanitsidwa mulibe oposa khumi ndi awiri. Ayenera kufupikitsidwa mpaka masentimita 40, kudula mizu ndi kuchotsa chithomba chakale.
M'chakachi panali nthambi zina zing'onozing'ono. Njira ina yabwino yowonjezera chiwerengero cha achinyamata ndi kuchotsa pakati pa chaka chachiwiri kapena chachitatu cha moyo wa chitsamba. Kenaka kuzungulira ana ambiri adzawonekera pafupi naye m'chaka.
Mabulosi a rasipiberi amafalitsidwa pokhapokha panthawi yobala mitundu yatsopano. Mungayesedwe ndi zolinga zina, koma ndizochitali chokhazikika komanso chovuta.
Mbeu zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa kumapeto kwa mwezi wa September zimathiridwa madzi ambiri tsiku limodzi. Kenaka amaipanga mu thumba la nylon ndikuiika pakati pa sphagnum moss. Nyumba yonseyi imasungidwa kutentha pafupifupi 2 ° C mpaka pakatikati pa kasupe. Kenaka pitani ndikufesa mu nthaka yokonzedwa.
Ngati mphukira ikuwonekera, iyenera kuti ikhale yofiira kapena yochepa. Zomera zimabzalidwa ndi mtunda wa masentimita 40 pakati pa mizere ndi masentimita 5 pakati pa zomera zokha. Zonse m'chilimwe iwo akusamalidwa ngati mbewu zina zakudimba, ndipo mu kugwa amaika raspberries.
Mungayesere "njira yakale": amayala zipatso zingapo pamtambo ndi kuziyika m'mphepete. Mukamera mphukira pamalo ano, chokani kwambiri kwambiri ndi kukoka mpumulo.
Kukonzekera rasipiberi kumatha kubala zipatso nthawi yaitali komanso mochuluka m'nyengo yofunda. Kotero, izo zimawombedwa ndi chisangalalo chachikulu. Kusamalira chomera ndi chosavuta, kotero mutha kukhala mosamala komanso mosamala popanga mapepala oterewa.
