Fuchsia inayamba kukonda ndi alimi a maluwa chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake okongola. Ikhoza kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu, cuttings ndi tsamba. Ndi njira yotsiriza yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
Nthawi ndi momwe mungachitire zimenezi mudzaphunzira m'nkhani yathu. Momwe mungasamalire zomera zazing'ono ndi zomwe zingakhale matenda - timaganiziranso. Mukhozanso kuyang'ana kanema yothandiza pa mutu uwu.
Zizindikiro za kukula
Chidwi cha maluwa ndikuti ndi pulasitiki. Ikhoza kupatsidwa mawonekedwe osiyana:
- pyramidal;
- chitsamba;
- ampelnaya
Pali mwayi wokhala mtengo wamtengo wapatali kuchokera ku fuchsia. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imafalikira panthawi zosiyanasiyana, choncho alimi amaluwa amatha kupanga maluwa onse. Adzaphuka kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn.
Kodi mungabereke bwanji?
Kufalitsa katemera kuli bwino mu March kapena kumapeto kwa August, September. Chilimwe sichinali nthawi yabwino yotsatila, chifukwa fuchsia kutentha kungakhale koopsa. Kupaka katundu nthawi zambiri kumatuluka.
Kodi kukula?
Kuti chiberekero chibereke chiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphika wa ceramic. Sayenera kukhala wamkulu kwambiri. M'tsogolomu, pamene kukumbitsani kukula kwake pang'onopang'ono kumawonjezeka.
Zimakhudza mtundu wa mphika. Ngati kuwala, ndiye kuti dzuwa silingasunthike, koma kutentha kumdima kumakhala kosafunika ku duwa.
Fuchsia amasankha kukula mu nthaka yosalekerera. Yabwino ndi yomwe ili ndi kuchuluka kofanana:
- peat;
- humus;
- mchenga;
- sod ndi masamba a masamba.
Bungwe: Mukufuna ngalande yabwino - dothi lowonjezera kapena mchenga wabwino. Maluwa atsopano osabzalidwa sakusowa kudyetsa kwina chifukwa adabzalidwa m'nthaka yokonzeka bwino komanso yodzazidwa ndi ma microelements oyenera.
Mmene mungachulukitsire pepala
- Kubalana kukonzekera masamba akulu, omwe ayenera kutengedwa kuchokera ku maluwa abwino. Ayenera kutengedwa ndi chigwirizano ndi mbali ya mphukira ndi maluwa a axillary.
- Choyamba ndi kukonzekera nthaka, yomwe iyenera kuti ikhale yothira.
- Kupuma kumapangidwira pakati pomwe malo odzala akuyikidwa bwino.
- Kuchokera kumwamba ndikofunika kuwaza tsamba laling'ono pansi, sikofunika kuti lizitha kuphulika.
- Kuti apange nyengo yotentha, mphika umaphimbidwa ndi filimu, yomwe imatsegulidwa nthawi zonse kuti ipange mpweya wabwino.
- Mukamayanika, nthaka imathiriridwa.
- Pambuyo masiku 15-20, mizu ya mbewu idzayamba kukula. Kuyambira nthawi ino kupita, yatsala yotsegulidwa tsiku lonse, ndikuphimba ndi filimu kokha usiku.
- Pambuyo pazitsulo zazing'ono zikuoneka pansi pa tsinde, zomera zing'onozing'ono zimatha kuziika miphika yosiyana.
Chisamaliro pa nthawiyi
Pakuti rooting ya kubzala zakuthupi, m'pofunika kupanga zinthu zabwino.. Mphika uyenera kuyima pamalo okongola, koma sikutheka kuti dzuwa liwone pamunsi pa pepala. Ndikoyenera kuyika pazenera sill, yomwe ili kumbali yakummawa.
Sizolandiridwa kuthira nthaka mochuluka, koma musalole kuti iume. Zokwanira pa kubereka kwa fuchsia ndi 80-90% chinyezi. Ndichizindikiro ichi chomwe chimatha kuthandiza filimu ya polyethylene. Kuti mupeze kukula bwino ndikofunika kutayira zowonongeka ndi madzi otentha, okonzeka tsiku ndi tsiku.
M'miyezi ya chilimwe, kutentha kwakukulu kwa kubereka kwa fuchsia kuyenera kukhala + 18 ... +24 ° С, komanso m'nyengo yozizira - + 10 ... - + 12 ° С.
M'tsogolomu, muyenera kusankha mphika wabwino, mwinamwake chomera sichidzaphulika. Muyenera kusankha molingana ndi kukula kwa mizu, yomwe imayenera kuzungulira padziko lonse lapansi mpira.
Aftercare
M'tsogolomu, pamene mukukula, m'pofunika kupewa zolakwika monga:
- Kuwala kokwanira;
- kusowa kwa zakudya;
- malo otentha;
- madzi okwanira;
- kugunda kwa dzuwa.
Kuchokera apa, duwa likuwononga mizu, imatulutsa masamba. Mu kasupe ndi chilimwe, pamene dothi lithera, liyenera kuthiriridwa mowolowa manja ndi madzi otentha ndi ofunda. Pakati pa maluwa otentha a fuchsia, chinyezi chiyenera kukhala chapamwamba.
Zikanakhala kuti chomera chokhala ndi nthaka yonyowa pokonza chikuwoneka ngati chikuwongolera, chifukwa chake chimakhala chifukwa cha kuyaka kwake.
Kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse imafuna feteleza, kenako idzakula mofulumira ndipo idzaphuka kwambiri. Iwo amayamba kupanga mu March, pang'onopang'ono akuwonjezera mlingo ndi kuchuluka kwa nthawi ya chilimwe. M'dzinja muyenera kudyetsa zochepa, ndi m'nyengo yozizira kuti muime.
Fuchsia imayenera kupopedwa, koma ndondomeko siingakhoze kuchitidwa ndi dzuwa.. Nthawi yabwino ndi dzuwa litalowa. M'nyengo yozizira, zomera zimabwera nthawi yopumula. Ndiye muyenera kuthirira maluwa pang'ono pang'onopang'ono.
Pamene fuchsia imasungidwa pamalo otentha m'nyengo yozizira, izi sizidzatha kuphulika, ngakhale ziri bwino.
Mu March, muyenera kuchepetsa duwa, nthambi zonse ziyenera kufupikitsidwa. Kuti korona ikhale yathanzi komanso yodzikongoletsera, yokonzedwa mwakonzedwe ndi kubwezeretsa kudulira kumafunikirabe. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti zikhale zopanda kanthu ndipo zisamasulidwe.
Pambuyo pake, fuchsia chaka chilichonse ayenera ndithu kuikidwa, popanda kupereka mizu malo ambiri.
Ndikofunikira: Manyowa ambiri a nayitrogeni, kusowa kwa potaziyamu ndi phosphorous zimakhudza kwambiri kukula kwa maluwa.
Zambiri zokhudzana ndi kusamalira nkhanza kunyumba zingapezeke pano, ndipo kuchokera mu nkhaniyi muphunzira momwe mungapangire malo abwino kuti mukhale ndi zomera m'munda.
Matenda otheka
Ndi njira yabwino yoyenera kukula, amatha kuthetseratu matendawa.. Maonekedwe a mawanga pa masamba pamene dzuwa likuwagunda, ngati chomeracho chimasunthira kumalo ena, chichotsedwa. Ngati atembenukira chikasu, zimatanthauza kuti maluwawo amathiridwa molakwika, kapena ndi chifukwa cha kutentha kwa dzuwa komwe kwachitika chifukwa cha kupopera mankhwala tsiku.
Kusungunuka kwa masamba, ngati sikuli kachitidwe ka chirengedwe, kumapangitsa kuti nthaka iwonongeke kapena kuti ilibe chitsulo ndi magnesium. Pachifukwa ichi, feteleza ndi feteleza zoyenera ndi kupopera mbewu ndi magnesium sulphate yankho lidzakuthandizani.
Ngati pali nkhuku zowonongeka ndi nkhuku, ndiye kuti nkofunika kugwiritsa ntchito fungicides.. Kuwonongeka kwa mphukira kumapangitsa kuthirira kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, ngakhale kuchepa kwake, kapena kubwezeretsa chomeracho sikupulumutsidwa.
Kutsiliza
Duwa ili ndilo lalitali. Ndi kubzala kwake koyenera, mtengo umodzi ngati mtengo umatha kuphuka kuyambira zaka 20 mpaka 50. Kubala ndi kutulutsa fupa panyumba ndi njira yayitali, koma chifukwa cha kukwatira kokwanira kumakhala kukongoletsa kwenikweni kwa nyumbayo.
