Pakati pa zomera zonse zokongoletsera, chikhodzodzo ndi chosowa chocheperako, ndipo nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga mankhwala. M'munsimu, tiphunzira mwatsatanetsatane mitundu yambiri yotchuka ya shrub, zida zake zobereketsa komanso momwe angasamalire chikhodzodzo.
Pezani kuphulika
Chikhodzodzo - Ndi yokongoletsera shrub, yomwe imapindulitsa kwambiri, kukula kwake, kudzichepetsa, komanso mawonekedwe okongola, omwe amapitirirabe mu nyengo yokula. MaseĊµera otulutsa maonekedwe akuwoneka okongola pamene akupanga zojambula m'mapangidwe a dziko, popeza ngakhale mipando ndi yabwino kwambiri.
Kunja, shrub imadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa nthambi zowonongeka, zomwe, pansi pa zolemera zake, zimatulukira pansi, ndikupanga korona wolimba. Mphukira yake yonse, mphukira ikhoza kufika mamita atatu m'litali ndipo ndi yofanana m'mimba mwake.
Mukudziwa? Nthawi ya maluwa ya mchenga si yaitali kwambiri, koma ma inflorescences akhoza pafupi kuphimba shrub. Kumapeto kwa maluwa osachepera zipatso zokongola zimapangidwa pa zomera..
Ndi masamba ndi masamba ake, mtengo wa bubble ukufanana ndi viburnum. Komabe, malingana ndi mtundu ndi zosiyanasiyana, shrub ili ndi mtundu wosiyana wa masamba ndi maluwa.
Mitundu ndi mitundu yambiri ya zitsamba
Mitundu ya malonda amasiyana kwambiri. Mu floriculture, awiri okha amagwiritsidwa ntchito - Amur ndi Kalinolistny, omwe, komabe, amaimiridwa ndi mitundu yambiri.
Amur bubble
Amadziwika ndi kutalika kwake - pafupifupi mamita 3, komanso ndi maonekedwe abwino a mphukira zofiira kwambiri, makungwa omwe amangoyamba kukalamba. Zili ndi masamba akuluakulu - mpaka masentimita 10 ndi mthunzi wooneka ngati mtima, pamwamba pa mdima wobiriwira komanso pansi pamutu wonyezimira.
M'kati mwa mtundu wa mtunduwu wa maluwa, 10-15 maluwa akhoza kuwerengedwa, 1.5 masentimita awiri. Maluwa awo amatha kwa masabata atatu, kenako zipatso zimawoneka kuti potsiriza zimakhala ndi mtundu wofiira.
Chitsamba chimenechi chimagonjetsedwa ngakhale nyengo yozizira kwambiri, ndipo imatha kukhazikitsa mizu muzinthu zopanga gulu. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya Amur bubblegrape, yomwe imawoneka m'mabedi a anthu a chilimwe, ndi:
- Luteus - shrub ndi yowala chikasu masamba, amene pafupi kugwa kukhala wokongola mkuwa tint;
- Aureomarginat - malire osiyana-siyana a golide pa masamba;
- Nana ndi chikhodzodzo cha Amur chakuda ndi masamba amdima obiriwira, koma okongola kwambiri.
Sakani chikhodzodzo
Ndizitali wamtali shrub ndi korona wakuda korona. Masamba ake akhoza kukhala ndi masamba 3 mpaka 5 ndi cloves pamphepete. Pamwamba mwawo ndi mdima kuposa pansi.
Maluwa a caliniforus mablister ndi ang'onoang'ono, 1.2 masentimita awiri okha, koma mwina sangakhale ndi mtundu woyera, komanso wobiriwira omwe ali ndi stamens yofiira. Zipatso zowonongeka pamene zikukula. Kubzala mtundu uwu wa shrub mu gulu lingathekanso. Mitundu yake yotchuka kwambiri ndi iyi:
- Ndalama Gold ndi shrub yomwe ili ndi kutalika kwa 1.5 mamita. Iyo imasiyanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa masamba ndi masamba achikasu omwe amasanduka wobiriwira pang'ono m'nyengo ya chilimwe. Mukhoza kukhala ndi maluwa okongola ndi ofiira.
- Red Baron ndi 2 mita shrub ndi masamba akuluakulu (pafupifupi masentimita 7) a mdima wofiira ndi mawonekedwe opapatiza, omwe amawapangitsa kukhala ofunika kwambiri. Maluwa mu zosiyanasiyanazi ndi zazikulu - mpaka masentimita 5, ali ndi pinki ya pinki. Zipatso zili zofiira, zokhala ndi matumba atatu kapena asanu. Mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi ndi yamtengo wapatali pakati pa wamaluwa.
- Mkazi mu Red - amasiyana ndi kutalika kwa tchire mu 1,5 mamita ndi masamba ofiira ofiira. Zoona, patapita nthawi, masambawo amdima. Mitundu imeneyi imamera ndi maluwa okongola a pinki.
- Diablo - krasnolistny bractoria mpaka mamita 3 okwera ndi masamba ofiira kapena masamba ofiira.
Ndikofunikira! Pamene mukukula mabulosi a Diablo mumthunzi, masamba ake adzakhala obiriwira ndi mthunzi pang'ono wofiirira. Pachifukwa ichi, ndi bwino kudzala m'malo abwino.
Kusamalira shrub
Kusiya kuphulika n'kofunikira kuti mbewuyo ifike pamtunda waukulu wa chitukuko chake - pakukula ndi maluwa. Ndipo ngakhale, kawirikawiri, izi shrub sizikufuna kuti zisamalire, mlimi aliyense ayenera kudziwa za zina.
Kusankha malo abwino ndi kukwera
Kubzala chikhodzodzo ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri, chifukwa sichikutanthauza malo osungira chitsamba chokha, komanso kukonzekera nthaka, ndikuyikamo ndi mchere wofunikira. Mwachidziwitso mitundu yonse ya Bubbyfondnik imakhala yolimba mizu yonse dzuwa ndi mithunzi yonse. Kubzala kwa nthaka kulibe phindu lililonse, chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti madzi a pansi sayenera kufika pamtunda, ndipo nthaka yokha isayambe yodzaza ndi mandimu.
Ndikofunikira! Madzi a pansi pa nthaka pamodzi ndi laimu angayambitse chitukuko cha zitsamba monga chlorosis, komanso kumayambitsa mizu yake. Choncho, ngakhale poyamba chitsamba chikuwonetsa kukula bwino, chidzafota pakapita nthawi.
Kubzala mazira kungakhoze kuchitika nthawi iliyonse ya chaka, kupatula m'nyengo yozizira, koma yogwira bwino kwambiri idzawombera mphira m'chaka, chifukwa ino ndiyo nthawi yoyenera kuti muzule chitsamba m'malo atsopano. Kubzala, mungagwiritse ntchito feteleza, kapena dothi lakuda.
Nthawi zonse kuthirira ndi kuvala
Mankhwalawa amakonda madzi kwambiri ndipo amafa nthawi ya chilala. Choncho, chitsamba chachikulu mu chilimwe chimatonthozedwa kuti madzi amwe kawiri pa sabata, pogwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi 40 malita a madzi. Onaninso kuti madzi mulimonsemo sayenera kugwera masamba ndi inflorescences a mtengo wa chikhodzodzo - izi zingayambitse kupsa. Komanso, kuthirira kumayenera kuchitidwa m'mawa kapena madzulo.
Pambuyo kuthirira kulikonse, dothi likhoza kugulidwa, koma ngati simukuchita izi, ndiye kuti chotsani namsongole pansi pa chitsamba ndikuchiwotcha. Koma zowonjezera zowonjezera, zimagwira kamodzi kasupe, ndipo kamodzi pa kugwa:
- Mu kasupe, 250 g ya mullein, supuni 1 ya saltpeter ndi supuni imodzi ya urea imasungunuka mu 10 malita a madzi ndipo njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira tchire. Kumbukirani kuti chitsamba chimodzi chachikulu chimafuna pafupifupi 15 malita a feteleza.
- Kugwa, supuni 2 za nitroammofoski zimadzipiritsidwa mu 10 malita a madzi ndi kuthirira kuzungulira tsinde. Kuchuluka kwa feteleza kumafunikira chimodzimodzi ndi masika.
Kudulira zitsamba
Kudulira mitengoyi kumayenera kuchitika nthawi zonse, zomwe zingathandize kupanga mawonekedwe abwino a chitsamba. Kudula mitengo yokonzedwa bwino kumalimbikitsidwa kuchita masika, koma ngati mukufuna kukwera chitsamba chachikulu, mphukira zake ziyenera kufupikitsidwa kwa 1.5 mamita, ngati zitali ndi kasupe ngati-kuchotsani mphukira zochepa ndikusiya pakati 6 mwazamphamvu kwambiri.
Koma kupatula izi, kasupe kalikonse, phula la chikhodzodzo limafuna kudulira mwaukhondo, komwe kumaphatikizapo kuchotsa mphukira kusweka ndi kukhudza matenda osiyanasiyana. Onaninso kuti palibe nthambi mu chitsamba chomwe chimakula mkati, osati kunja. Ngati alipo - ayenera kuchotsedwanso. Pofuna kukonza zowonongeka, bubbleframe imakonzedwa ngakhale nyengo isanafike, kotero kuti nsonga za mphukira zazing'ono sizizizira.
Zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, chitsamba chimafuna kudulira, komwe mphukira zonse zimachotsedwa pansi. Pambuyo pa kudulira, mphukira zonse zowopsya zidzayenera kuchitidwa ndi wolima munda kuti ateteze zomera ku matenda.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mumapeza sapling wamng'ono wa mtengo wa bulumu, ndibwino kusankha chosiyana ndi mizu yotsekedwa, ndiko kuti, zomera zomwe zimabzalidwa miphika. Choyamba, zidzakupatsani chitsimikizo chakuti chomeracho chidzagwidwa ndipo sichidzawonongeke pamzu, ndipo kachiwiri, kuti chomeracho chinakulira mu hotbed ndipo ndithudi ndikuyimira zosiyanasiyana zomwe mukufuna kulandira.
Kuberekera chikhodzodzo
Popeza kupeza ma saplings a chikhodzodzo ndizomwe zimakhala mtengo wamalonda, mungayesetse kufalitsa tchire lanu. Njira zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu izi, zomwe zili ndi ubwino wake.
Cuttings
Cuttings amakololedwa kuchokera kuchinyamata mphukira ya chitsamba chachikulu asanayambe maluwa. Kudula izi mukufunikira chidutswa cha mphukira kutalika kwa masentimita 10-20, pomwe 2-3 internodes ayenera kukhalapo. Pambuyo kudula, masamba amachotsedwa pansi pa kudula, ndipo amafupikitsa ndi theka kumtunda.
Gawo la pansi la cuttings liri lotsekemera muzu mapangidwe stimulator (yankho kuchokera muzu ndi langwiro) ndipo anabzala pabedi la peat ndi mchenga. Pambuyo pake, amafunikanso kuthira ndi kuphimba ndi polyethylene. Pamaso mwathunthu kumera, cuttings amafunika nthawi yothirira ndi mpweya wabwino. M'nyengo yozizira amafunika kuphimbidwa bwino, ndipo kumapeto kwa nyengo akhoza kuikidwa pamalo osatha.
Kuyika
Kubalana kwa mbulu ya bubble ndi chithandizo cha kuikapo kumaphatikizapo kubisala mphukira zazing'ono pansi, zomwe zimagwedezeka pansi. Musanafufuze mkati, m'pofunika kuchotsa masamba onse, koma kupatulapo omwe amakula pamwamba ndipo sadzaphimbidwa ndi dziko lapansi. Kuzama kwa grooves kwa cuttings sayenera kukhala oposa 12 masentimita.
Nthambi iyenera kuthiriridwa ndi udzu, kumasula nthaka pafupi nayo. Kenaka kugwa kungathe kupatulidwa ku chitsamba chachikulu, koma onetsetsani kuti mukuphimba m'nyengo yozizira. M'chakachi mbewu ikhoza kuziika.
Kugawa chitsamba
Imeneyi ndi njira yosavuta yobala chikhodzodzo, chifukwa zimangofuna kukumba chitsamba kuchokera ku nthaka ndikuchigawa m'magawo angapo. Pambuyo pake, gawo lirilonse laikidwa mwapadera, lomwe posachedwapa lilola kuti lifike kukula kwake. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuchita zonse mwamsanga kuti tipewe mizu kuuma.
Mbewu
Njira yoperekera imeneyi ndi yosavomerezeka kwa chikhodzodzo cha munda., monga mbande zakula sizimakhala ndi zofanana monga tchire zomwe zimatengedwa.
Komabe, ngati mukuganizabe kuchulukitsa chipatso ndi mbewu, ndiye kuti ziyenera kusonkhanitsidwa mu kugwa ndikuonetsetsa kuti zimayika - ziwonetseni nthawi yachisanu, zomwe zikhale m'firiji pafupifupi mwezi umodzi. Mukhoza kuzifesa zonsezi m'chaka ndi m'dzinja.
Gwiritsani ntchito singano ya chikhodzodzo kwa mankhwala
Kufala kwa mitsempha mu mankhwala ochiritsira kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi malo ambiri othandizira a zomera, motero, zamoyo zimapangidwa kuchokera ku masamba. Kukhalapo kwa coumarin mwa iwo kungakhudze thupi la munthu ngati piritsi yofooka yolephera.
Masamba a chikhodzodzochi amakhalanso ndi phenol carboxylic acid, yomwe imakhala ndi bactericidal effect. M'makampani ogulitsa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Mukudziwa? Mbali yotere ya mitundu yambiri yamabelitara, monga masamba ofiira kapena ofiira, imagwirizana ndi luso lopanga chlorophyll. Zimakhala pafupifupi pafupifupi zomera zonse, koma zikuwoneka pafupi ndi nthawi yophukira. Koma chiwalo cha chikhodzodzo chimachipanga icho mu nyengo yonse yolima.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a chikhodzodzo timakhala: zizindikiro ndi chithandizo
Mphuzipiberi imakhala yovuta kwambiri kwa mitundu yonse ya matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, kotero ndizosatheka kulimbana nawo. Zoona, ngati chomeracho chimadontholedwa ndi madzi okwanira, chikhoza kudwala ndi chlorosis, zomwe zidzasonyezedwe ndi masamba achikasu a mphukira zazing'ono. Pofuna kuteteza chitsamba kuti chisawidwe bwino, chitani ndi kukonzekera ndi chitsulo - "Anti-chloro", "Ferryle", "Ferovit", "Iron Chelate". Ndi njira zothandizira izi, tchire tingathe kutsukidwa komanso kutsanulira pazu.
Kudulira bwino mafupa a chikhodzodzo kumayesetsanso kuteteza mwayi wodzala matenda. Choncho, pambuyo pa kudulira, mphukira zonse zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zichitiridwa ndi phula la munda.
Kawirikawiri, chimango cha chikhodzodzo sichisamalira chisamaliro. Ngati mumalipira chifukwa chimodzi kamodzi pa mwezi ndipo musaiwale kumwa madzi, munda wanu udzakongoletsedwa ndi chitsamba chamtali, chomwe, ngakhale maluwawo atauma, adzakondweretsani ndi zipatso zowala.
