Zina mwa zokometsera zokometsera, zomwe amayi athu azimayi ayamba kugwiritsa ntchito posachedwapa Basil amadziwika makamaka. Mwamwayi, palibe chifukwa chogula icho mu sitolo, monga udzu wazitsamba ukhoza kukula bwino m'minda yathu, ndipo tidzagawana zinsinsi zobzala izo tsopano.
Kuyamba kwa Basil: kufotokoza kwa zomera
Kumene kwenikweni zimamera anthu ochepa, choncho nthawi zambiri amakhulupirira kuti nyanja ya Italy ndi yotentha kwambiri. Koma chomera ichi chimamva bwino mu latitudes lathu. Basil ndi chomera chaching'ono cha pachaka chomwe chingakhoze kutambasula ndi kutalika kwa 20-60 cm. Pa phesi limodzi masamba ambiri amapangidwa, omwe ali ofunika kwa akatswiri ophikira.
Basil kapena Regan (wotchedwanso "rayon chomera") ali ndi mitundu yambiri yosiyana wina ndi mzake ndi masamba a tsamba. Zitha kukhala zobiriwira zobiriwira, zakuda kapena zobiriwira.
Chomerachi chimathandiza kwambiri thupi la munthu, chifukwa liri ndi carotene (mkulu wa sulfure mapuloteni) mafuta ofunikira ndipo chofunika kwambiri - vitamini C. ambiri. Zinthu zonsezi zimathandizira kupanga mapulogalamu okoma kwambiri a masamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akatswiri a zophikira zakudya azidziwika bwino.
Seeding Basil
Kwa funso lakuti, "Momwe mungabzalitsire njuchi mumunda?", Pali mayankho awiri nthawi yomweyo: mbewuzo zikhoza kufesedwa miphika kwa mbande, kapena poyera. Njira yoyamba imakulolani kuti mukhale ndi masamba obiriwira, komanso kuti muzitha kugwilitsila nthanga ku tchire, zomwe zingabzalidwe kachiwiri chaka chamawa. Ngati mubzala mbewu mwachindunji pabedi kapena maluwa, ndiye kuti mbewuyi idzabweretsani mitundu yambiri ya zipatso, koma simungakhale nayo nthawi yosonkhanitsa mbeu yake isanafike. Pa chifukwa ichi Zambiri zoganizira mbeu yofesa mbewu.
Pofesa mbeu: kubzala
Udzu woumba umabzalidwa pafupi miyezi iwiri musanabzala mbande pamalo otseguka, ndiko kuti, kumapeto kwa March - oyambirira a April. Nthawi ino idzakhala yokwanira kuti zomera zizikhala bwino. Kufesa mbewu, mabokosi akukonzekera momwe amadzala ndi magawo ofanana:
- humus;
- nthaka;
- munda wamunda.
Kuonjezerapo, ndikofunikira kuti manyowa nthaka asakanike chifukwa chofesa mbeu, Pachifukwa ichi, kuvala pamwamba kumapangidwa kuchokera ku potaziyamu sulphate, urea, potaziyamu kloride ndi superphosphate, zomwe hafu ya supuni ya supuni imayenera 5 malita a madzi asanakhazikitsidwe. Nthaka ndi yankho loyenera ndilofunika kuti liwaza. Pambuyo pake, dikirani mpaka nthaka ikuwombera kutentha, ndikufesa mbewu, kuwaza pamwamba pa dothi lina. Bokosi lakumera liri ndi filimu kapena galasi ndipo amaikidwa pamalo otentha komanso okongola.Ndikofunikira! Kuchulukitsa mofulumira kwa nthaka ndi mbande za basil kungayambitse kukula kwa matendawa blackleg. Pochotsapo, chomeracho chiyenera kuperekedwa ndi yankho lopangidwa kuchokera ku theka la supuni ya supuni ya mkuwa sulphate ndi 1 l wa madzi osungunuka.
Kodi kusamalira mbande?
Chomera cha Rayhon chimakonda chinyezi ndi dzuwa, Choncho, mwamsanga pamene mphukira zoyamba zimayamba kuoneka pansi, chidebe chomwe chili nawo chiyenera kuikidwa pazenera zowonongeka bwino. Makapu kawirikawiri amawoneka mkati mwa sabata. Pa nthawi yomweyi, bokosili liyenera kukhala mu chipinda chimodzi ndi kutentha komwe, ndipo nthaka ikauma, iyeneranso kuthirira. Onetsetsani kuti zomera sizingatheke. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, bokosilo liyenera kukhala lozungulira nthawi zonse kuti zomera zisakule limodzi.
Kubzala mbande pansi
Amayi ambiri amamera m'miphika, choncho pamene mbande imakula, amangobzala miphika yosiyana ndikuyiyika pawindo. Komabe, ngati kutentha tsiku ndi tsiku ndi nyengo ikubwera, zambiri zomveka kuti uzibzala m'munda, chifukwa chomeracho chidzakula kwambiri ndi zonunkhira. Momwe mungabzalitsire chophimba pansi pamtunda, timalingalira pansipa.
Mukudziwa? Basil ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri omwe amathandiza kuti pakhale chitukuko chabwino, komanso kumalimbitsa mtima, mapapo ndi impso. Pakuti achire zolingaokwaniraonjezani tsiku ndi tsikuBasil kwa mbale zomwe mumakonda.
Kodi nthaka iyenera kukhala yotani?
Basil ndi nthaka yokonda kwambiri. Ngati mubzala pa mchenga, zimayambira mu zomera zidzakhala zoonda ndipo sizidzatha kukula bwino. Choncho, musanadzale mbande za mbande, bedi limapereka mowolowa manja ndi kompositi ndi peat (kompositi ikhoza kusinthidwa ndi humus). Taganizirani izi: Basil amakonda nthaka yotentha, choncho musayambe kuikamo kumunda wamunda.
Kodi kubzala mbande?
Choyamba, ndi bwino kuyankha funso lakuti "Kodi kudzala chophimba?". Kulima nthawi kungasinthe malinga ndi dera lanu, koma kawirikawiri Izi ziyenera kuchitika kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June kufikira kutha kwa mweziwo. Kukoka kotalika sikuli koyenera, monga chomera sichimatha kulekerera July kutentha ndi kuzizira kozizira.
Zomera zimabzalidwa muzitsime zakuya, zomwe sizikufunikira kupanga feteleza wowonjezera. Ndikofunika kuika pamtunda wa masentimita 17-20 wina ndi mzake mumzere umodzi. Koma pakati pa mizera iyenera kuphonya masentimita 30. Chifukwa cha ndondomeko iyi, zomera zonse zidzakhala ndi malo okwanira kuti zikule, zidzakhala bwino mpweya wabwino, ndipo sizidzakhala ndi dzuwa.
Mutabzala ndi compaction, nthaka iyeneranso kuthiriridwa pang'ono. Pa masabata awiri oyambirira a kukula, nkofunika kubisa mbewuyo ndi filimu usiku kuti basil akhoza kuphuka bwino ndipo sakhudzidwa ndi kusiyana kwa kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku.
Ndikofunikira! Pofesa mbeu za basil mwachindunji, njirayi iyenera kuchitika kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, atachotsa nthongo zonse kuchokera pabedi. Mpaka zomera zikudutsa m'nthaka, ziyenera kuthiriridwa bwino, ndipo ngati zowonjezera kwambiri, mphalapala wa Rabazilika uyenera kukhala udzu.
Kusamalira basil: zizindikiro za zomera zonunkhira
Chomera chokomacho chimakonda kudziyang'anira tokha, komabe chifukwa cha icho chiri wokonzeka kuthokoza kukula bwino ndi kukula kwa masamba. Kuphatikiza pa kuchotsa namsongole nthawi ndi kumasula nthaka, Basil amafunikanso madzi okwanira nthawi zambiri komanso feteleza.
Kuthirira ndi kusamalira nthaka
Nthawi zambiri kuthirira mabedi ndi basil kumadalira nyengo, kotero ngati mubwera kumunda ndikuzindikira kuti nthaka yayuma, madziwo azikhala bwino. Komabe, musati muchite nthawi zambiri kuti nthaka ilibe nthawi youma. Izi zingachititse kuwonongeka kwa mizu.
Musanayese ulimi wothirira ndikulimbikitsidwa kumasula nthaka pang'ono, kotero kuti mpweya wambiri umabwera ku mizu, ndipo chinyezi chimatha kutuluka. Chotsani namsongole kwenikweni, chifukwa chakuti sizingowonjezera zakudya m'nthaka, koma kukhala ndi mizu yambiri, zingasokoneze kwambiri kukula kwa tchire.
Ndikofunikira! Popeza basil amasangalala ndi kutentha, ndiye kuti ayenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi otentha, omwe asanakhazikitsidwe. Madzi omwewo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa umuna.
Ndi liti pamene mukusowa zakudya zamasamba ndi momwe mungachitire?
Regan weniweni wokometsetsa kuchokera kumunda wanu wokha angapezeke kokha ngati mupereka chomera ndi chisamaliro chofunikira. Makamaka mwezi uliwonse ayenera kudyetsa: Ngati mudabzala nyemba kumayambiriro kwa June, ndiye kuti feteleza amafunika awiri - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa July, ndipo yachiwiri kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa August.
Kuti pakhale chomera chobiriwira pa chomera, ndikofunikira kudyetsa ndi nitrojeni feteleza. Pachifukwa ichi, nthawi zambiri nitrophore imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe yankho limakonzedwera pambaliyi - magawo awiri a mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kwa malita 12 a madzi. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera mabasi onse a basil ndi feteleza, ndikugwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi 3-4 malita a madzi kwa rye la 1m².
Kukolola: Momwe mungakolole masamba?
Gwiritsani ntchito malonda ndi zofunika kwa chaka chathunthu, popeza zonunkhirazi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa masamba ndi nyama zakudya. Ndibwino kuti muzisunga kokha pa zouma, monga pambuyo pozizira, basil imatayika zina mwazipindulitsa zake.
Kodi ndi liti ndipo mungadule bwanji?
Kudula masamba ndi mphukira za basil zikhoza kuchitika kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka nthawi ya autumn. Pa nthawi yomweyi, ngati mutachotsapo mphukira zazing'ono, komabe ndi mbali ya peduncles, zomera zimakula kwambiri ndipo zimasiya zambiri pa izo.
Ndipo apa Ponena za kusonkhanitsa mbewu, zimapsa ndi September, musamafulumire kuchotsa zomera ku mabedi, ngakhale atayamba kuuma. Ganizirani kuti ngati mbewu sizikulira mokwanira, ndiye kuti sangakupatseni mphukira.
Mukudziwa? Kukula mchenga kumunda kumathandizanso kwa zomera zina, monga maluwa ake onunkhira amakopera tizilombo tambiri kumunda, zomwe zimayambitsa mungu ndi zikhalidwe zina zomwe zimamera panthawi yomweyo.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji basil?
Raykhon ndi chomera chomwe chingathe kusungunuka kwake kwa nthawi yaitali ngakhale pouma. Komabe, kuti asunge zonunkhira zake zonse, kudula kapena kuchotsa mphukira akhoza kumangiriridwa muzitsamba zing'onozing'ono ndi kuimika mu chipinda chakuda ndi mpweya wabwino (mwachitsanzo, pansi pa kanyumba kanyumba). Mukasankha masamba okha, mukhoza kuwongolera imodzi pamtunda, ndikusiya kuti muume mumkhalidwe womwewo. M'tsogolomu, dothi louma kuchokera kumunda wanu limalimbikitsidwa kuti lisungidwe mu matumba a mapepala kapena mu mitsuko ya magalasi.
Tikukhulupirira kuti ngati, musanawerenge nkhani yathu, mutakhala ndi malingaliro olakwika omwe basil akuwoneka, ndiye chaka chamawa, osati kumudziwa bwino, komanso Mungathe kulima udzu wabwino m'munda wanu.
