Crocosmia: Kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera

Croskomia kapena gladiolus waku Japan (montbrecia) ndi wachikale wochokera kubanja lodzala. Kutanthauzira dzinali kuchokera ku Chi Greek kumatanthauza kununkhira kwa crocus. Maluwa okongola modabwitsa amenewa ali ndi kutalika (1-1,5 m) ndipo ali ndi nthambi yayikulu. Fungo lake limatha kusokonezeka ndi safironi. Maonekedwe a tsinde ndi masamba ofanana ndi gladiolus, omwe amatanthauza abale ake, komanso ma irises okhala ndi ng'ona.

Maluwa ang'onoang'ono (4 cm), okhala ndi mawonekedwe a chofunda, amatha kuwonedwa kwa nthawi yayitali: kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka hafu yophukira. Omwe alimi onse amakhala ndi chomera chachilendo, koma montbrecia sichigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha izi. Zofunikira posamalira ndikusamalira sizambiri. Mukakulitsa crocosmia kutchire, ndikofunikira kuwona njira zina zaulimi, zomwe zingakuthandizeni kukhala ndi maluwa okongola awa pachiwembu chanu. Ndi iyo, mutha kupanga nyimbo zokongola zoyambirira.

Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a crocosmia

Chomera chamtundu waku South Africa ndi crocosmia. Pali mitundu yambiri, koma mitundu ya Lusifara, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wofiira wowoneka bwino komanso peduncle yayitali, ndiyotchuka kwambiri. Mwa okonda malimi pali mayina osiyanasiyana azikhalidwe, koma nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito montbrecia, tritonium ndi gladiolus waku Japan. Maluwa owuma amapereka kuwala komanso fungo labwino la safironi.

Otentha osatha mbewu za Iris banja kufalitsidwa ndi mababu. Masamba aatali okongola ali ndi mawonekedwe a xiphoid, amakula mpaka 60 cm. Kapangidwe kazovala ndi mikwingwirima yayitali. Malo omwe akufalikira. Wovunda okwera kwambiri mpaka mita imodzi. Kumtunda kwa mphuliyo kuli inflorescence yamakutu, yowerengera masamba 40, omwe amatsegula pang'onopang'ono kuyambira pansi mpaka pamwamba.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imawonetsa kusiyanasiyana kwamitundu ya ma petals kuchokera ku chikasu chowala kupita pamtunda wofiira. Duwa lililonse, likukula, limafikira masentimita 5.

Crocosmia nthawi zambiri imasokonezedwa ndi freesia chifukwa cha kufanana kwa tsinde kapena ndi kakombo - mumtundu wa duwa.

Mphukira zoyambirira zimayamba kutsegulidwa pakatikati pa chilimwe ndikupitilizabe kusangalatsa nyakulima mpaka chisanu. Chipatsocho ndi bokosi lozungulira lomwe limadzaza ndi mbeu m'malo zokulirapo, lofiirira.

Mitundu ya Crocosmia

Mwachilengedwe, montbrecia amaimiridwa ndi mitundu yoposa 55; gawo laling'ono chabe limalimidwa. Ganizirani kwambiri za iwo.

Massonorum

Amalimbana kwambiri ndi kuzizira, mulingo woyenera kukula kumera kumpoto. Chitsamba chomera pang'ono 0.6-0.8 masentimita okwera ndi masamba ngati lupanga okhala ndi mawonekedwe. Tsinde la peduncle limakulira m'mwamba ndipo kumayambiriro kwa inflorescence limazungulira molunjika, ndiye kuti, lofanana pansi.

Wagolide

Nyama zodziwika bwino, anali amene adachokera ku malo akutentha aku South Africa. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi Seputembara. Maluwa, kutengera mitundu, amatha kupaka utoto wamalalanje, achikaso ndi ofiira.

Potsa

Chimamera pamadambo achisangalalo a ku Africa. M'mundamo, malo osyanitsa ndi dothi lowuma bwino amasankhidwa. Masamba a mbewu ndi ochepa komanso osalala, maluwa ndi ochepa.

Mantha

Chitsamba chimodzi ndi theka kutalika kwake pansi chimakongoletsedwa ndi masamba amtundu wa masamba owala obiriwira. Ma inflorescence ophatikizika amtundu wowala wa lalanje amawonekera mu theka lachiwiri la Juni. Mtundu uwu ndi woyamba wa onse m'banjamo.

Zofala

Chimodzi mwazitini zoyamba za m'munda zopangidwa kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800. Kutalika kwa chomera ukufika mita. Mthunzi wobiriwira wopepuka uli ndi mbale zowongoka, zopyapyala komanso zokongola. Mtundu wa inflorescence umaphatikizapo masamba ocheperako. Maburashi oyamba amapezeka mkati mwa chilimwe.

Mitundu yodziwika ndi yogwiritsidwa ntchito pakupanga kwamunda

Crocosmia ndiyotchuka pakati pa okonda ndi opanga mawonekedwe. Ma inflorescence ama airy okhala ndi maluwa okongoletsera pafupifupi malo aliwonse, chifukwa chake ntchito ya obereketsa siyima. Mpaka pano, mitundu yopitilira mazana anayi idaleredwa.

Ganizirani zabwino kwambiri za iwo:

Poganizira za maluwa ataliitali komanso owala bwino, masambawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyimbo zakunja. Monga lamulo, chitsamba chimabzalidwa kumbuyo, komwe gawo lobiriwira lakumbuyo limakhala ngati maziko, ndipo inflorescence pamiyendo yokongola imapatsa mpweya komanso kukwanira pamapangidwewo.

Mr. Chilimwe wokhala ndi chilimwe akuvomereza: kuphatikiza kwa crocosmia ndi mbewu zina

Mbewu zamuyaya ndizabwino kwambiri ngati oyandikana nawo. Pakati pawo, wina amatha kusiyanitsa rudbeckia, atsogoleri achipembedzo, amphaka, Veronica, Rogers.

Kuphatikizika kwa zitsamba zosatha kumasonkhanitsidwa poganizira nthawi yomwe maluwawo amatuluka komanso mwanjira yoti amasangalatsa diso ndi kuwala kowala ndi mitundu. Zophatikiza zamakono zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimawonetsa zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wopanga mabedi amaluwa okha kuchokera ku crocosmia.

Pamaonekedwe, duwa ndilofunikira kwambiri. Anadziwonetsa bwino mu makaseti a khoma okongoletsa ming'alu ndi mbali zina za nyumba. Shrub imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakukongoletsa maiwe owumba.

Njira zokulitsa

Monga mbewu zonse za banja lino, croskomia itha kubzalidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri: kuchokera ku njere kapena mababu. Njira yoyamba yolerera ndi yayitali, chifukwa Nthawi yochokera kubzala mpaka maluwa oyamba amatenga pafupifupi zaka zitatu. Njira yachiwiri ndiyofupikirako pafupifupi chaka, chifukwa simuyenera kudikirira mpaka babu atapangidwa.

Kukula kwa Mbewu za Crocosmia

Njirayi siili yovuta ndipo imapezeka kwa aliyense. Chofunikira kwambiri ndicho kusunga dongosolo linalake:

• Konzani mbale zoyenera: makapu apulasitiki ang'onoang'ono kapena zida zapadera. Ayenera kukhala ndi mabowo okhetsa.
• Tengani dothi lofunikira (gulani kapena pangani nokha). Zopangika: turf, humus, peat ndi mchenga wowuma. Gawo 2: 1: 1: 1.
• Dzazani thanki: choyambirira chikukulitsidwa, dothi lotsala ndiye nthaka yomalizidwa.
• Limbikitsani kukula kwa mbewu ndikuziika munjira yapadera. Zouma ndikusindikiza kuti mulowe pansi.
• Nyowetsani pamwamba ndikuphimba ndi filimu. Amaziyika komwe kumakhala kotentha komanso kopepuka.
• Pukutani mosalekeza, ndipo nyowetsani nyemba zikamuma.
• Chotsani chivundikirocho chitaphukira.
• Adabzala mbale ina pamaso pa masamba atatu.
• Amakonda musanalime m'mundamo, nthawi zina kumapita kumlengalenga.

Ulimi wa bulb wa crocosmia

Mababu obzalidwa kumapeto kwa masika pambuyo poti madzi oundana asoweka pansi. Kutentha kwadothi +10 ° С. Ndikofunikira kutsatira izi:

• Alekanitseni mababu ndi ana ndikuwayiyika motentha kwakanthawi.
• Kukulunga ndi yankho la manganese musanabzale. Kuzama kolowera mu dothi ndi 4-5 cm.
• Siyani pakati pa mababu 12 cm.

Mutha kusintha njirayi. Kumayambiriro kasupe, ikani mababu mumiphika ndikuwayika pafupi ndi zenera. Wobzalidwa m'mundamo mutamera mphukira. Potere, maluwa ayamba mwachangu.

Kubzala mbande ndi mababu a crocosmia panja

Ikani mwachindunji kumunda pakati pa masika. Ndikofunika kukonzekera malowa pasadakhale, m'dzinja. Pali 2 ndowa za humus, 100 g ya hydrate laimu, 40 g wa superphosphate, 20 g wa potaziyamu mankhwala enaake pa m2. Chapakatikati, 30 g ya feteleza wa nayitrogeni pa m2 iyenera kuyikidwa. Kutalika kwa masentimita 10x10 masentimita ndi kuya komwe. Mtunda ukhoza kuchepetsedwa ngati mutatenga mababu ochepa kwambiri. Chitsime chilichonse chomera chimaphimbidwa, kuthiridwa ndi madzi ndikukutira kuti chizolowere nyengo zatsopano.

Crocosm imasamalira poyera

Crocosmia siivuta kuisamalira, koma kuti ipereke maluwa ambiri, malamulo ena ayenera kusamalidwa:

• Madzi sabata iliyonse, koma osamuika magazi. Munthawi yotentha, ngakhale nthawi zambiri. Mumasuleni dothi ndikuchotsa udzu mvula yamvula ikatha.
• Manyowa 2 pamwezi ndi organic (mutha kusungunula mullein m'madzi 1:10) ndikuthira feteleza. Aperekeni mosiyanasiyana. Pa kukula, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni ambiri, komanso nthawi yamaluwa - potaziyamu.

Kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu

Ngati nyengo yozizira imakhala yozizira m'dera lomwe crocosmia imaberekera, ndiye kuti panthawiyi ndikofunika kupukusa babu. Nthawi zambiri amachita izi kumapeto kwa Okutobala kuti wakhwima bwino. Pambuyo pake, imayuma m'nyumba mkati mwa + 10 ° C komanso ndi mpweya wabwino. Amasungidwa nthawi yozizira monga mababu a gladioli, kutentha kwa + 3 ... +7 ° C ndi chinyezi 70%, ndikupereka mpweya wokwanira mu chipinda chapansi, chofalitsidwira mabokosi ndikutidwa ndi moss kapena mchenga.

Ngati nyengo yadzuwa ili yofewa, simungathe kukumba mababu, koma muyenera kuyiphimba ndi dothi la mulch, ndikuwonjezerapo zomangira kapena masamba owuma.

Ngati maderawa ndi otentha, ndiye kuti ndikuthekanso kusamba masamba owuma ndikuwadzaza ndi maluwa. Pamwamba yokutidwa ndi kanema. Amayeretsa ndikasamba masamba ndipo masamba a chaka chatha adula pansi.

Tizilombo ndi matenda

Kubzala ndi chisamaliro choyenera, kukana kwambiri kumatenda kumathandizira kukula kwa mbewu zathanzi. Ngati simutsatira malamulo omangidwa, ndiye kuti ng'ona imatha kudwala matenda ena.