Chithandizo ndi kupewa powdery mildew pam nkhaka

Powdery mildew (ashtray) - matenda achomera obwera ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, nthawi zambiri timayambitsa mavuto ku greenhouse nkhaka mbewu ndi malo otseguka. Bowa yemwe amayambitsa matenda a mbewuyi ndi Oidium erysiphoides. Mycelium nthawi zambiri imayamba mu June, yoyamba imakhudza masamba, kenako zimayambira, zipatso. Kuyambira munthawi yake komanso njira zopewera zimathandizira kuti zokolola zizituta komanso kututa zipatso.

Kodi kufatsa kumawoneka bwanji ngati nkhaka

Ndikosavuta kuzindikira matendawa pamakomedwe ndi izi:

mawanga oyera oyera oyera kapena ofiira pamiyala yotsika masamba;
zolembedwa pa petioles, zimayambira;
kukula kwa mawanga kuwonjezeka, kuphatikiza;
masamba mbale, akuwombera fumbi loyera;
mawanga amasintha mtundu kukhala bulauni;
mbale zopindika, ziume msanga;
zipatso zake ndi zopunduka, zosemphana;
akuwombera, wadetsedwa.

Spores za bowa zimawoneka ngati timipira tating'onoting'ono. Vuto lonyowa lonyowa mu wowonjezera kutentha limapangitsa malo abwino kwambiri kukula kwake. Chifukwa chake, nkhaka pali zambiri zomwe zingatenge matenda. Mafangayi amabisala nthawi zambiri m'mizimba yomwe imang'ambika m'dzinja. Ndi kutentha koyamba kumapeto kwa chilimwe, kumadzuka, kumayandikira masamba a masamba, kumamwa msuzi wawo. Zomwe zimamera zimamera msanga, chikhala chinyontho, chikukula msanga - masiku 3-7.

Peronosporosis (downy mildew), yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha bowa - Pseudoperonospora cubensis. Amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe achikasu obiriwira osakhala ndi mitsempha pamasamba. Kenako amakhala mafuta, otuwa. Pansi pa mbale pali zokutira zofiirira zoyera. Masiku angapo pambuyo pake, masamba aduma.

Ngati njira zowongolera sizitengedwa, tchire limafa msanga.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafangayi azioneka ndi izi: mvula, chifunga nyengo, malo otentha, minda yolimba, nthaka yokhala ndi nayitrogeni yambiri, kuthirira pafupipafupi ndi madzi ozizira, udzu wosadetsedwa pamabedi.

Kupewa kwa ufa wa powdery pa nkhaka

Popewa matenda, wamaluwa azitsatira malamulo oyambira:

kubzala nkhaka mu chiwembu chimodzi ndi zaka zinayi (kuzungulira kwa mbewu);
chotsani udzu zotsalira nthawi zonse;
m'dzinja kuchita tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthaka ndi potaziyamu permanganate;
kuchitira mbewu ndi Grandsil, Trichodermin.
mu wowonjezera kutentha kuti azitha kutentha kutentha +20 ° C;
kuthirira tchire pansi pa muzu ndi madzi ofunda;
utsi ndi kukonzekera kwapadera (Quadris);
kudyetsa masamba pang'ono;
kuthirira, osagwera pamasamba ndi zimayambira;
Osabzala masamba m'malo otsika, mithunzi;
tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
manyowa pang'ono.

Mbande zitha kumawazidwa popewa ndi Topaz, Strobi, manganese. Zomera sizifunikira kuti zibzalidwe pafupi kwambiri kuti zizungulirane ndi mpweya, apo ayi fungusayo imafalikira mwachangu ku zitsamba zina zonse.

Nkhondo yolimbana ndi ufa wa ufa ku nkhaka

Kuti muzindikire kuoneka kwa bowa mu nthawi, muyenera kuyang'ana tchire pafupipafupi. Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, kuchotsa matendawa kumakhala kosavuta.

Ngati bowa wapezeka, kuthirira ndi kuvala pamwamba pamizere kuyimitsidwa, tchire loyambukiralo limachotsedwa ndikuwotcha limodzi ndi mizu. Ngati zolengeza zikadali pansi pa masamba, zimadulidwa ndikuwonongeka. Udzu wamera, chotsani mbali zakale, zodwala, kudula mapesi. Njira zothanirana ndi chithandizo ndi wowerengeka kapena fungicides.

Kukonzekera kwachilengedwe kumatchuka: Albit, Alirin-B, Gamair, Tiovit Jet. Zilibe poizoni, sizivulaza zomera. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupewa paziwopsezo zosiyanasiyana.

Powdery mildew kapena peronosporosis imawonongeka pokhapokha pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala: HOM, Abiga-Peak, Ordan, Quadris, Consento, Previkur.

Zithandizo za anthu a Fungo la ufa wa ufa pa nkhaka

Pa gawo loyamba la matendawa, njira zolimbirana ndi wowerengeka zimagwira. Kuti tichotse bowa, tchire limafafaniza njira zothetsera, makamaka madzulo:

Njira	Kuphika	Kugwiritsa, pafupipafupi
Sopo ndi mkaka	Lita imodzi ya mkaka, madontho 25 a ayodini, grated 20 g ya sopo yochapira.	Kamodzi masiku khumi.
Mkaka Whey	Ophatikizidwa ndi madzi 1:10, mpaka yosalala.	Katatu, masiku atatu.
Manyowa ozungulira	Osakanizidwa ndi madzi (1: 3), tsimikizani masiku atatu.	Katatu pa masiku 7 aliwonse.
Namsongole	Udzu wochokera m'mundamo umathiridwa ndimadzi otentha (1: 1). Pambuyo masiku atatu, fyuluta.	Tsiku lililonse.
Phulusa la soda ndi sopo	Soda 25 g imasakanizidwa ndi 5 l madzi otentha, onjezani 5 g wa sopo wamadzi.	2 pa tsiku limodzi ndi sabata.
Phulusa	Sopo wokutira umaphatikizidwa ndi 200 g wa phulusa, kuthira madzi ofunda.	Mochulukirapo mlungu uliwonse.
Garlic	Thirani madzi mu adyo, kunena maola 12.	Masabata awiri.
Mpiru	Mustard ufa umaphatikizidwa ndi malita 10 a madzi ofunda.	Aliyense masiku 7 katatu.
Potaziyamu permanganate	Chidebe chamadzi ndi 2 g.	Masabata awiri.
Mahatchi	1 makilogalamu azomera zatsopano amathiridwa ndi malita 10 a madzi otentha, kunena. Pambuyo pa tsiku, wiritsani kwa maola awiri, zosefera, kuchepetsa ndi madzi 1: 5.	Katatu masiku asanu aliwonse.

Powdery Mildew Chemicals pa nkhaka

Pazaka zapamwamba, mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito; mukalandira chithandizo, masamba sayenera kudya kwa masiku 20.

Mankhwala	Feature	Kugwiritsa
Topazi	Mavuto amasintha kutentha. Chomwe chimagwira ndi penconazole. Ngozi kwa anthu ndi nyama.	Pa 10 l umodzi ampoule. Pukusani mawiri onse ndi yankho latsopano, ena onse amathira.
Chulukitsa KE	Inhibits sporulation, imagwira pambuyo maola 2-3. Timapanga gulu loteteza lomwe limatenga milungu iwiri.	Kuchepetsa 40 g pa 10 malita a madzi.
Bayleton	Fungicide ya ntchito zosiyanasiyana, zovomerezeka pambuyo maola 4, kutalika kuyambira milungu iwiri mpaka miyezi iwiri.	Galamu imodzi pa lita imodzi yamadzi.
Rayek	Chothandizira chophatikizika ndi diphenoconazole. Mofulumira mumawononga fungal spores. Zotsatira zake sizodalira nyengo.	Mamililita pa lita imodzi yamadzi.
Oksihom	Zosakaniza zomwe zimagwira ndi mkuwa oxychloride ndi oxadixyl.	30 g pa 10 l madzi, chithandizo 3 zina ndi masiku 10-12.
Fundazole	Chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi benomyl, chomwe chimaswa kuphwanya kwa bowa.	1 g imadzipaka m'madzi ochepa, kenako ndikuwonjezera 1 litre.
Vitriol wabuluu	Zoopsa, zimawononga maselo a bowa ndi mabakiteriya.	100 g koloko ndi vitriol 75 g ndi 10 l amadzi osakanikirana.
Colloidal sulufule	Otetezeka kwa anthu ndi nyama, koma amafunika kutsatira malangizo. Kukonzedwa ndi kutentha kwa + 27 ... +32 ° C.	Sulufule 20-30 g imaphatikizidwa ndi 10 l yamadzi.

A Dachnik akutsimikiza: mitundu ya nkhaka zosagwirizana ndi powdery mildew

Kuti mbewu isavutike, wamaluwa amasankha mitundu yomwe imakhala yofewa ndi powdery hlobo ndi matenda ena. Ma hybrids a Partenocarpic tsopano ndi otchuka, amalolera kusiyanasiyana kutentha, safuna kupukutidwa, amakula m'malo obiriwira komanso malo osabisika. Izi zikuphatikiza: