Osteospermum: chithunzi, kulima ndi kusamalira

Osteospermum - udzu wokhazikika komanso pachaka, zitsamba zobadwa ku South Africa, wa banja la Compositae.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokongoletsa. Chifukwa chofanana ndi chamomile, mbewu nthawi zambiri imatchedwa African, Cape kapena Blue-eyed daisy, komanso Cape daisy.

Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a osteosperm

Osteospermum imapangidwa ndi chitsamba chomwe chimakula mpaka 1 metres, komabe kukula kwake ndikosowa kwambiri ndipo zitsanzo za 0.5 m zimapezeka m'mabedi amaluwa. Chofunikira ndi fungo lokhazikitsidwa ndi masamba ndi tsinde, lomwe pang'onopang'ono limakhala ndi kupindika pang'ono.

Maluwa amayamba mu Juni ndikupitilira mpaka nthawi yozizira yozizira, yodziwika ndi mapangidwe atsopano a masamba atsopano. Maonekedwe, duwa limafanana ndi chamomile, koma ndi phale lalitali la mithunzi, makamaka monga kuwala, kofiirira ndi lalanje.

Makulidwe kuyambira pa 2,5 mpaka 7.5 masentimita, amatha kutsegulidwa pokhapokha ngati kuli kotentha, motero pachaka amateteza mungu. Osteospermum imatha kuchepetsa kapena kusiya kuyimitsa nthawi yotentha, pomwe simuyenera kuthirira mbewuyo mopitilira muyeso kapena kupitiriza ndi chithandizo chake. Izi zimachitika mwachilengedwe ndipo zidzadutsa zokha pakadzasintha kutentha.

Mitundu ndi mitundu ya osteosperm

Mabungwe apadziko lonse lapansi akuphatikiza pafupifupi mitundu 70 ya mbewu ndi mitundu yawo.

Eclona

Nthambi pachaka imafikira mita imodzi. Osakhala ndi masamba ambiri amalozedwa m'mphepete ndi mano angapo.

Ziphuphu ndizoyera kwambiri ndi mitsempha kumunsi, chimango dengu.

Mitundu ya haibridi

Zowonekera

Yotsika pachaka, mpaka 0.5-0.7 m kutalika. Maluwa amasintha mtundu wa maluwa pamene akutulutsa maluwa.

Mitundu ya haibridi

Shrubby

Mitundu yaying'ono imapangidwira chifukwa cha kuchulukana kwamaluwa pachitsamba chimodzi.

Mitundu ya haibridi

Kubwezeretsanso mafupa

Zimapangidwa ndi mbeu ndi kudula, koma zotsalazo ndizoyenera zitsanzo zamkati.

Kufalitsa mbewu

Popewa mavuto omwe amabwera ndi kutola, mbewu zazikulu zimabzalidwa m'mbale osiyana. Nthawi yoyenera kwambiri izi zimasiyana ndikusintha madera. Malinga ndi kalendala yoyendera mwezi uyenera kubzala mu Epulo.

Nthaka ndi yoyenera kumasuka kwanyontho. Lili ndi:

• Mchenga;
• Peat;
• Dziko la Sodomu.

Kuti zitheke, mutha kubzala mbewu m'mapiritsi a peat - izi sizidzaphatikizanso feteleza, popeza dothi likhala lodzala ndi michere yonse yofunika. Njira yofananayo imatsimikizira kusungidwa kwa muzu pakazindikiritsidwa. Kuti mubzale mbewu bwino, muyenera:

1. Ikani mbewu panthaka yakuya osaposa 0.5 cm;
2. Valani chidebe ndi galasi kapena polyethylene;
3. Siyani pamalo otentha, owuma sabata 1.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti kufesa sikunalowetse njere, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zipsinjo zomwe zimakonda kwambiri chinyezi.

Sabata imodzi, ndikofunikira kuyika mbande pawindo, kutentha kwake kwa iwo kumakhala pafupifupi +18 ° C. Kuwombera kumayamba kutambalala pakakhala kusowa kwa kuwala kwachilengedwe, mutha kupanga zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito gwero lina, ma phytolamp ndi angwiro. Ndikofunika kulingalira kuti maola opendekera masana ayenera kukhala pafupifupi maola 14. Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa nthawi zonse, koma nthawi yomweyo kuthirira, popeza ngati madzi ayenda, osteospermum imatha kuvunda.

Pakadutsa masiku 15 kuti mbewuzo zisokere poyera, zimayamba kuuma. Kuti tichite izi, mphukira iyenera kuchitikira kwa mphindi zingapo kunja, ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono nthawi yomwe mumakhala mpweya wabwino. Pomwe vuto la chisanu likudutsa ndi mawonekedwe a Meyi atakhazikitsidwa - mutha kupititsa mbewuyo pamalo otseguka, pomwe ndikofunikira kusunga mtunda wa 0.5 mamita pakati pa mbande.

Kufalitsa osteospermum ndi mbewu zomwe zinatengedwa m'munda mwanu - simukuyenera kulandira zitsanzo zofananira, izi zikugwiranso ntchito mitundu ya terry kwakukulu.

Kufalikira ndi kudula

Kudula ndikofunikira kubala osaposa April. Pofalitsa, tumizani kuchokera pamwamba pa chomera chokhwima kale. Ndikofunikira kudula iwo omwe amafika 7 cm kutalika. Masamba apansi amayenera kuchotsedwa ndikuchepetsa. Kenako, titapendekeka kwakanthawi, mbewuzo zimayikidwa mu gawo lapansi lokhala ndi mchenga ndi vermiculite. Kenako mukuyenera kupanga mphamvu yotsalira pophimba chivundikiracho ndi polyethylene ndikuchiyika pamalo abwino. Kenako muyenera nthawi zonse mpweya wabwino ndi kuthirira kudula. Pakatha milungu iwiri azika mizu.

Kubzala kunja ndi chisamaliro

Chomera chokonda dzuwa ndikofunikira m'malo otseguka, owala bwino, mthunzi pang'ono ndi zovomerezeka.

Zofunikira pa dothi:

1. Acidity ili pafupi 7 pH, ndi acidic pang'ono;
2. Chonde chambiri;
3. Kuthamanga;
4. Madzi ndi mpweya wabwino.

Choyamba muyenera kukumba dothi, kulipatsanso mtima, kulipaka ndikukhala ndi nthawi yokwanira kukhazikitsa. Chidutswa chadothi sichitha kuwonongeka, motero kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kukumbukiridwa pakukula mabowo. Mutabzala, ndikofunikira kuti pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono padziko lapansi ndikunyowa zochuluka.

Kutalika kwa maluwa kumatengera kuchuluka kwa kuthirira panthawiyi, koma nthawi yonseyo ndikofunikira kupukutira ngati pakufunika.

Kukutula ndi kuvala

Kudulira chomera mwachindunji kumatengera kukanikiza kwakanthawi. Choyamba, izi zimagwira ntchito pamtunda wa mphukira. Komanso, kulima sikumatha popanda kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa mchere katatu panthawi iliyonse:

1. Patatha masiku 15 mutabzala poyera;
2. Pa siteji ya zomangira masamba;
3. Madzulo a nthawi yophukira.

Kuti mukhale ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsa, ndikofunikira kumasula chomera pa nthawi yake kuchokera pakutha kwa inflorescence.

Osteosperm yachisanu

Osteospermum imatha kudutsa bwino kokha m'malo otentha, ndiye kuti, komwe kutentha kotsika sikungatsikire pansi -10 ° C. Pankhaniyi, duwa lifunikira zowonjezera, mwachitsanzo, zitha kuphimbidwa ndi masamba owuma.

Ngati matenthedwe samakwaniritsa zofunika, muyenera kutengera izi:

1. Chotsani chitsamba mosamala, pomwe sichikuwononga mizu yake;
2. Konzani chidebe chachikulu;
3. Siyani ndi kutentha osachepera -10 ° C ndipo nthawi zina madzi;
4. Chapakatikati, dzalani osteospermum kubwerera.

Chitsamba chomwe chatenthera kwambiri pamsewu chimayenera kudula zitsamba zonse mchaka.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Osteospermum sikuti imagwidwa ndi tizirombo tambiri tambiri tomwe timakhala pakati penipeni, zotere ndi matenda. Kuchepa kwambiri, komwe kumayambitsa kuvunda kwamizu, kukhoza kuvulaza chitsamba. Poterepa, chitsamba chiyenera kuthandizidwa ndi fungicides.

Sizotheka kuchiritsa chomera nthawi zonse, motero, ndibwino kuchitapo kanthu popewa zinthu zomwe zingathandize kukhalabe ndi thanzi la the shrub. Kupewa matendawa kumaphatikizapo:

• Kupalira kwakanthawi;
• Kusungidwa bwino kwa njere;
• Kuwunikira kokhazikika kwa nthaka pH sikuvomerezeka ngati kutsika kochepa kwambiri kapena kuchuluka kwambiri kwa acidity;
• Kupalira kosalekeza, hydrate yoyenera;
• Kusamalira dothi friability;
• Kukolola zotsalira zomera, ndikofunikira kuti zisazizidwe m'nthaka.

Pakalibe magwero ena a chakudya, nsabwezo zidzadya osteosperm. Zizindikiro zomwe zizikhala zachikasu komanso kugwa kwamasamba. Kuti muchotse tizilombo - ingomwaza chitsamba ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, njira zina, mwachitsanzo, yankho la sopo, ndizoyeneranso. Kuti mupeze, muyenera kutenga magalasi a 1-2 a phulusa ndi kutsanulira 10 malita a madzi otentha ndi 1/7 ya sopo yochapira yozunguliridwa, yomwe iyenera kudalilidwa koyambirira. Ndiye kusiya njira yothetsera usiku. Yambani kudutsa cheesecloth musanapule. Zabwino kuteteza mbewu zazing'ono.

A Dachnik adalimbikitsa: malingaliro a malo omwe Cape daisies ili m'mundamo

Zomera zikuwoneka bwino kwambiri pamtunda wa dimba lalikulu ndi laling'ono. Limabzalidwa ngati chomera chakutchinga, chophatikizika ndi nyimbo zamiyala, komanso choyenera pamabedi osakanizika a maluwa ndi mitundu yosakanikirana. Maonekedwe osavuta amachititsa kuti mbewuyo ikhale yachilengedwe, kuphatikiza mitundu yambiri ya mitundu ndi mitundu yazomera.

Kugwiritsa ntchito chitsamba chokongoletsera udzu, chitsamba chokhayokha chimakopa chidwi. Mitundu yaying'ono ndiyoyenera kubzala mumphika, chifukwa cha wobzala wobzala, makonde ndi masitepe. Sichikhala chopanda pake kumangiriza zimayambira ngati kukongola kwa chitsamba sikuloleza kuti ipangidwe. Mitundu yazingwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati nthaka ya dothi. Osteospermum yamatoni oyera amapanga mawonekedwe abwino ndi lavender, Iberis, a-not-me-nots ndi petunias.