Sorrel ili ndi magawo ambiri azinthu zomwe zimagwira, zazing'ono ndi zazikulu zomwe zimakhala zothandiza paumoyo wa anthu. Kulima kwake sikuli ndi zovuta zambiri, komabe kumafunikira kudziwa zinthu zina zazing'ono.
Kusankha kosiyanasiyana kwa sorrel
Choyambirira chomwe muyenera kulabadira ndizomera zamitundu mitundu. Kupsa kodziwika koyambirira kumakhala ndi:
- Belleville - sichitha kugwa chisanu, chitsamba sichimayenda. Nsonga zake zimakhala zowutsa mudyo ndipo zimakhala ndi wowawasa wowawasa wowawasa;
- Nikolsky - chitsamba chachikulu-chopanda, chodziwika bwino kwambiri;
- Sanguine idzayamikiranso kuchuluka kwa malo obiriwira, koma mitunduyo imakhala ndi mtundu wamasamba, kuphatikizidwa ndi mitsempha yofiyira;
- Matalala a Emerald ndi chitsamba chodzala ndi zipatso zambiri zomwe zimapereka masamba apakatikati a mtundu wobiriwira.
Mitundu yokhala ndi kakomedwe kakang'ono koma osatchulika acidity:
- Malachite;
- Maykopsky 10;
- Altai;
- Wamagazi wamagazi - mitundu iyi, kuphatikiza kukoma kwake pang'ono, ilinso ndi mtundu wina wa tsamba, kuphatikizapo mawanga ofiira ndi mitsempha, chitsamba chofalikira.
Matsamba obzala ma sorrel
Kufesa sorelo poyera ndi kosavuta, koma mawu otsatira akuyenera kuonedwa:
- Kumayambiriro koyambirira, muthawiyi mudzatha kusangalala ndi masamba oyamba mumasiku 30 mpaka 40. Kusiyanitsa kumene kwa kubzala soreali kumagwira madera akumwera komanso pakati.
- Kumapeto kwa mwezi wa June, pomwe mbewu zam'munda zayamba kukololedwa, mutha kubzala malo osiyidwa ndi sorelo. Chifukwa chake mbewuyo imakhala ndi nthawi yambiri yozula mizu ndi kupeza mphamvu yozizira. M'madera omwe zipatso zoyambirira sizimawoneka koyambilira kwa nthawi yophukira, zokolola zambiri zimatha kupezeka kale munthawi yomweyo. Sikulimbikitsidwa kubzala sorelo kum'mwera m'mwezi wa June - kumakhala kotentha nthawi yambiri, kotero sikumamera bwino.
- Njira yachitatu ndikutera kugwa. Apa ndikofunikira kuganizira za nyengo za m'derali. Mbewu iyenera kuyikidwa pansi chisanu chikayamba kulowa. Chofunika ndikutchingira kuti mbewuzo zisamere chisanachitike nyengo yachisanu, ndipo kumapeto kwa sorelo kumayamba kuyamba kutentha.
Chifukwa chake, kuti muthe kupeza zipatso zam'madzi zoyambirira m'masamba omwe ali ndi nyengo yovuta kwambiri, sorelo uyenera kubzala m'chilimwe. Ndipo mumsewu wakumwera ndi wapakati - mu kugwa.
Pankhani yodzala potseguka m'miyezi yotentha, ndikofunikira kupereka madzi ambiri. Mtengowo uyenera kukhala ndi nthawi yopeza masamba obiriwira ambiri.
Mfundo ina yofunika ndikubzala mbewu m'nthaka. Ambiri amalakwitsa kwambiri popanga mizere yakuya kwambiri. Zotsatira zake, theka la mbewu singathe kudutsa. Kuti mukule bwino chimbudzi m'dzikomo, ndikokwanira kupanga poyambira yaying'ono, yomwe ikuwonetsa kumene mabedi ali. Ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kufesa mbewuzo mwakuya kosaposa masentimita 1. Pambuyo kuziyika mu mzere, pang'ono pang'ono kuwaza ndi lapansi.
Kusankha kwatsamba
Zinthu zotsatirazi za sorelo ziyenera kulingaliridwa:
- salola kuti pakhale dzuwa, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuwabzala m'malo osasinthika;
- imalekerera kuzizira mokwanira ndipo imatha kutulutsa misa yobiriwira ngakhale kutentha kwa + 2 ... +4 ° C;
- tcheru ndi nyengo yotentha - imatha kuthamangitsa masamba obiriwira atsopano ndi kuzizira mu kukula, kumasula mwachangu mivi wa peduncle;
- amakonda magawo okhala ndi mthunzi - machitidwe otere amakhala osatetezeka ku matenda, amadyera amasiyanitsidwa ndi juiciness ndi kulawa bwino;
- imafuna dothi lonyowa, koma popanda kusayenda kwamadzi;
- wosasankha kusankha dothi, koma limakula bwino mu nthaka zachonde, zomwe zimakonda malo achilengedwe pang'ono;
- kwa masamba ambiri kumafuna feteleza wa humus;
- popanda mavuto, imamera pamalo amodzi mpaka zaka 5, pambuyo pake imafunikira ndikubzala kuti mbewu ipitilire kuchuluka;
- mulingo woyenera wamadzi apansi panthaka sunapamwamba kuposa 1 m.
Zomera zimapereka maluwa chaka chotsatira mutabzala. Koma nyengo yotentha, poganiza kuti kufesa kunali m'nyengo yozizira, sorelo amathamangitsa mtunduwo mchaka chofesa.
Monga tingaonere kuchokera pamalongosoledwe, sorelo yomwe ikulimidwa ndi kusamalidwa siyabwino kwenikweni ngati iperekedwa ndi malo oyenera.
Kudzala kwa sorelo pamalo otseguka
Mukabzala sorelo, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ili ndi nthangala zing'onozing'ono. Ngati pali nyerere ndi tizilombo tambiri padziko lapansi, ndiye kuti nthawi yobzala yotentha imatha kukoka mbewu padera - zomwe zimachepetsa kumera. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kubzala sorelo pamalo otseguka posachedwa. Ndipo musanabzike, yang'anani tsiku lopanga mbewu phukusi. Amapereka kumera ndi zipatso zochuluka, ngati ali osaposa zaka ziwiri.
Kuti musankhe nthawi yoyenera, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kalendala yoyendera mwezi. Molingana ndi izi, sankhani tsiku loyenera kubzala. Masiku abwino: Juni 4, 5, 6, Seputembara 3, 4, 8, 9, 18. Zopweteka: June 3, 11, 25, Seputembara 27, 28.
Choyamba konzekerani dothi, kukumba mosamala ndi kumasula. Ngati dothi silabwino, ndiye kuti pa m² iliyonse muyenera kupanga 6 kg kompositi kapena humus. Mutha kuwonjezera 20 g wa potaziyamu pa m² ndi 25 g ya superphosphate.
Pofuna kutsogolera chisamaliro cha tchire, ndikofunikira kupanga kufesa soreti m'mizere. Ndikofunika kusunga mtunda wa masentimita 20 pakati pa mizere. Ngati mukufuna kutenga zokolola sabata yatha, ndikofunika kuyika mbande ndi filimu - iwonekera masiku atatu kapena anayi. Ngati izi sizichitidwa, ndiye kuti adzauka masiku 5-8.
Sorere imakhala yosakhazikika pakukula komanso kusamala panthaka, ndikokwanira kuyipsa. Kudyetsa ndibwino mutatha kudula tsamba lililonse. Feteleza atha kusankhidwa kukhala zovuta, koma ndi kukondera mu zinthu za nayitrogeni.
Ndikofunikira kupatsa sorelo madzi ambiri kuthilira, makamaka munyengo yamvula komanso yotentha. Kuti tisunge zipatso zamtchire, muvi wokhala ndi utoto uyenera kudulidwa.
Mbewuyo isanabzalidwe, izenera kunyowa pang'ono m'madzi kapena kuthiridwa dothi lambiri.
Monga mbendera, monga lamulo, sizigwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa mbewu zimamera bwino.
Zinsinsi za Kusamalira Matsenga
Ngakhale kuti sorelo ndi wopanda ulemu, pamafunika chisamaliro:
- nthawi ndi nthawi amasula dothi pakati pa mizere;
- kuthirira minda yobzala yachilimwe m'nthaka ikauma, apo ayi mbewuyo imapatsa udzu wobiriwira pang'ono (makamaka nyengo yotentha ndi youma);
- mutathirira kapena kuthamanga, nthaka ikangumauma, mumasuleni;
- pangani kuvala kwapamwamba kawiri pachaka;
- ngati feteleza, gwiritsani ntchito tincture wa mullein wothira madzi ndi chiyerekezo cha 1:10.
Matenda a sorelo ndi tizirombo
Tchire la sorerel limatha kukhudzidwa ndi mitundu yotsatira ya matenda.
| Mavuto | Mawonekedwe | Njira zoyesera |
| Powdery mildew | Imawoneka nthawi zambiri pamtchire zazing'ono, zosaposa chaka chimodzi. Mphepete mwa pepalalo limakulungidwa, limadzuka, limakhala louma komanso lowonda. | Popewa kuwoneka ngati ufa wa powdery, ndikofunikira kuchotsa udzu wonse waminda m'mundamo. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zikawoneka, onetsetsani kuti mukutenga chitsamba ndi msanganizo wa Bordeaux. Chepetsa malinga ndi malangizo omwe ali phukusi. |
| Dzimbiri | Matendawa amapezeka pafupipafupi. Ndikosavuta kudziwa chifukwa cha ma tubercles achikasu onenepa. | Popewa dzimbiri, mtengowo uyenera kutsukidwa kuchokera kum masamba agwa ndipo uyenera kukumbidwa nthawi yachisanu. Pakatikati, ndikofunikira kuwaza dothi laulere ndi mulch. Ngati mtundu wofanana ndi womwe udawoneka pamalowo, ndiye kuti mbali zina za mphukirazo zimayenera kuchotsedwa ndikuwotcha. |
| Ma nsabwe | Tizilombo timayamwa timadziti tonse kuchokera ku mbewu, chifukwa chake timafa. | Mutha kuchotsa nsabwe za m'masamba pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwe, kuchiza chitsamba ndi kulowetsedwa kwa adyo kapena matako a phwetekere. Kupititsa patsogolo izi, mutha kuwonjezera sopo wamadzi pang'ono pa tincture. |
| Chiwombankhanga | Mphutsi za kachilomboka zimabowola gawo lobiriwira la masamba, kusiya masamba okha. | Pofuna kuteteza kuti tiwonekere, ndikokwanira kuchotsa udzu komanso kupewa nkhuni zakufa panthaka. Ngati mbali zolumidwa zikuwoneka pa sorelo, tchire liyenera kuthandizidwa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa mankhwala a chamomile, ndikuwonjezera sopo yamadzi. |
| Wireworm - Nutcracker Beetle Larva | Ngati ziwalo zodontha zikuwoneka pamalowo, makamaka pa tsinde lomwe lili pafupi ndi muzu, ndiye kuti muyenera kusamalira pochotsa waya. | Ndikofunikira kukumba pansi nthawi yachisanu mpaka kuya kwa fosholo. Koma chitani kamodzi - mwanjira imeneyi mazira ach kachilomboka amabweretsedwa pomwe samapulumuka chisanu. |
Zambiri pazitsamba za anthu kuti muthane nazo
Pafupifupi matenda amtundu uliwonse wa sorelo ndizosavuta kuchotsa mankhwala ochizira.
| Njira | Kupeza | Ndi vuto liti lomwe limathandiza |
| Phulusa | Tincture wa phulusa la nkhuni ndi madzi mogwirizana ndi 1:30. | Mabasi okhudzidwa ndi nthochi, nsabwe za m'masamba, nkhupakupa, mbozi zimamwetsa. |
| Phulusa la fodya | Phulusa la fodya limatulutsa masamba. | Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi mavu, nkhono, nsabwe za m'masamba. |
| Anyezi peel | 250 g ya anyezi mankhusu, kunena mu 10 malita a madzi tsiku lonse. | Imathandizira kuti muchotse khungu, nsikidzi ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. |
| Garlic | Osankhidwa mu gruel, kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi muyezo wa 1: 1. Kuumirira masiku 8. Pakakonzedwa, tengani 20 g ya slurry ndikuthira madzi 10 malita. Ntchito kuthirira. | Imathandizira ndi kugonjetsedwa nkhupakupa, mbozi, nsabwe za m'masamba, kupindika, ma saw. |
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala kumudzi kwawo amafotokozera: momwe angakhalire ndi mbewu za sorelo
Kuti mupeze mbewu yanu, muyenera kupatsa tchire ziwiri kuti zitheke - izi zichitika pafupifupi mu Meyi. Ndiye dikirani mpaka panicles atachita mdima ndikumaliza kudula. Tulutsani, phulusa fumbi ndi kusiya mbewu.
Kumera kupitilira kwa zaka 3-4. Koma simuyenera kutola nthangala kwa sorelo, yemwe dzina lake limayendera limodzi ndi chizindikiro F1, ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa ndipo subereka ana.
