Poskonnik ndi chomera chokongola chamaluwa chomwe chimamera ndi kutalika kwambiri m'nthaka. Ndikofunikira popanga maluwa osatha, anthu olima nyumba sanadziwebe mbewu. Botanists amatcha maluwa "Eupatorium" (Eupatorium) wotchedwa mmodzi wa mafumu akale - Mithridates Eupator. Mtengowo ndi wa banja la a Astrov ndipo umapezeka makamaka m'nkhalango zowala komanso zotentha za ku Eurasia, Africa kapena America. Poskonnik imakopa zokongola komanso zazitali, zomwe, ndi chisamaliro choyenera, zimakusangalatsani chisanu.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Sapling ndi chomera chamtchire chobiriwira chokhala ndi nthangala. Mwachilengedwe, mitundu yamtundu wa udzu ndizosowa. Kutalika kwa mphukira kumayambira 30 cm mpaka mamita 2. Mbali zowongoka, zopindika pang'ono ndi masamba a petiole. Amayikidwa moyang'anizana kapena whorls. Tsamba lokwera limakhala ngati mawonekedwe a lanceolate kapena ovoid. Tsamba lililonse limakhala ndi mawonekedwe a pini kapena kanjedza. Ma cloves ang'onoang'ono amawoneka m'mbali za lobes. Nthawi zambiri, masamba amapaka utoto wobiriwira. Nthawi zina pamakhala mitsempha ya burgundy kapena madontho amtambo wakuda.
Maluwa amayamba mu Ogasiti ndipo zimatha mpaka nthawi yophukira. Munthawi imeneyi, mantha obisika otuluka maluwa opangidwa ndi maluwa ambiri ang'onoang'ono amatuluka pamwamba pa mphukira. Dongosolo la "kapu" imodzi imatha kufika masentimita 25. Corollas ndi pinki, kirimu, oyera kapena ofiirira. Amakhala ndi miyala yaifupi, yozungulira komanso gulu lazitali, lalitali. Maluwa amaphatikizidwa ndi fungo labwino kwambiri.
Pambuyo pollination, zipatso zipse - achenes ndi yaing'ono Crest. Mkati mwake muli njere zazing'ono zazitali komanso zofiirira zakuda.
Mitundu yazomera
Pazonse, pali mitundu ya mitundu pafupifupi 600 mu banja la poskonnik.
Chifuwa ndi chofiirira. Tizilomboti tambiri timeneti timakula mpaka kutalika mamita 1.5. Masamba ozungulira, okhala ndi masamba okutidwa ndi mulu waufupi. Masamba opakidwa utoto wowoneka bwino. Pamwamba pawo, oyera a pinki a corymbose inflorescence amawonekera modabwitsa. Maluwa amatumphuka pakati pa Julayi ndipo amatha mwezi wopitilira. Zosiyanasiyana sizigwirizana ndi chisanu. Mitundu yodziwika ya Little Red imakula mpaka mita imodzi ndipo imakhala mitundu yayitali, yochepa. Mitengo yofiyira ya pinki yophulika imaphukira m'mwamba.
Chotupa chiwona. Lingaliro limasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe amphamvu, enaake. Zimayambira mpaka 1.8 m kutalika ndi yokutidwa ndi masamba owala, ofunda. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira kapena amtambo amtambo ndi ovoid okhala ndi m'mphepete. Nsonga za tsinde zimakongoletsedwa ndi ma inflorescence apamwamba, omasuka kwambiri. Mitundu yotchuka:
- Atropurpureum - maluwa ofiirira-apinki amatulutsa mpaka mamita 2;
- Maambulera akuluakulu - inflorescence zazikulu zasiliva-zapinki pa burgundy zimatulutsa 1.6-1.8 m kutalika;
- Khomo lanyumba - mphukira yocheperako pafupifupi 1.5 m yovekedwa korona ndi inflorescences ya lilac-pinki;
- Riesenschirm - pafupifupi chakuda chimayambira 1.5-1.8 m kutalika kwakukulu ndi inflorescence yayikulu yakuda.
Hemp hemp. Chomera chofanizira mpaka 50 masentimita chimakhala ndi mtengo wowongoka, wopindika kuchokera pansi. Kuzungulira mizu yokhazikika pali njira zowondera ngati chingwe. Masamba atatu- kapena asanu-ophatikizika amakhala ndi petioles lalifupi. Zobowola ndizobiriwira zowala ndipo zili ndi m'mphepete. Ma inflorescence okhala ngati mabasiketi owonda amakhala pamutu pa mphukira. Maluwa ofiira otentha amatuluka pakati pa chilimwe. Zosiyanasiyana:
- Flora Peno - maluwa akulu, awiriawiri amatulutsa mphukira mpaka 1.6 m;
- Variegata - pamitunda 75 masentimita pamakhala maluwa okongola a pinki ndi masamba okhala ndi malire oyera;
- Albamu - chitsamba chimakutidwa ndi ma inflorescence oyera.
Wakuthwa wolocha. Shrub yotalika masentimita 75-150 paliponse kutalika kwake amaphimbidwa ndi masamba obiriwira ozungulira kapena ovoid. Masamba okhala ndi mphonje Mphukira ndi masamba achichepere amapentedwa muzithunzi za bulauni. Pam nsonga, corymbose inflorescence ndi masamba oyera pachimake. Maluwa akupitilira kuyambira Ogasiti mpaka Okutobala. Zosiyanasiyana:
- Braunlaub - masamba, mphukira ndi masamba achinyamata amapentedwa bulauni-burgundy;
- Chocolate ndi mitundu yosagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu yokhala ndi masamba ofiirira a masamba ndi maluwa oyera oyera.
Kuswana
Pofalitsa pawindo la sill, mbewu ndi njira zamasamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mbewu zimafesedwa mbande. Kupititsa kumera, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizitha kuzungulira mwezi umodzi. Kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, dothi limakonzedwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena m'miphika pawindo. Mbewu zimasungidwa munthawi ya potaziyamu permanganate masana, ndikugawidwa panthaka ndikuya pafupifupi 5 mm. Mbewu zimakutidwa ndi kanema, koma zowulutsa tsiku ndi tsiku ndikupopera. Kuwombera kumawonekera patatha masiku 15-20, amamasulidwa ku malo okhala. Masamba owona 4-5 akapangidwa pa mbande, zimatheka. Yotseguka mbande zobzalidwa theka lachiwiri la Meyi. Mbande zamaluwa zimayembekezeredwa mchaka chachitatu cha moyo.
Mabasi kuyambira azaka zisanu amatha kugawidwa m'magawo angapo. Ndondomeko ikuchitika kumayambiriro kasupe kapena yophukira. Tchire zimakumbidwa ndikuduladula mbali zingapo kuti masamba atatu azikhala mgawo lililonse. Zomera ziyenera kubzalidwa nthawi yomweyo ndikuthirira madzi ambiri.
Mizu cuttings yochitidwa mu June. Gwiritsani ntchito mphukira zazing'ono popanda maluwa okhala ndi masamba atatu. Mizu imachitika mu dothi lonyowa la peat pansi pa khasu. Mu Ogasiti, odulidwa amabzalidwa m'mundamo. M'nyengo yozizira yoyamba, mbande zimafunikira malo ena owonjezera.
Kulima dimba ndi chisamaliro
Sill yodzinyenga sill sikufuna kuchita zambiri kuchokera kwa wolima dimba. Komabe, kuti mukwaniritse maluwa ambiri, malamulo angapo ayenera kutsatiridwa.
Kuwala Zomera zimakonda dzuwa, malo otseguka. Imatha kuzolowera mthunzi, koma maluwa sakhala motalika komanso opatsa chidwi.
Tikufika Muyenera kubzala ndi kudulira tchire kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mpaka mbewuyo itayamba kukula. Kwa chitsamba chachikulu, kukumba dzenje lakuya. Mtunda pakati pa mbewu uyenera kukhala wa mita 1. Asanabzalidwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwonjezere phulusa, humus ndi ufa wamfupa. Mizu imatsukidwa kale. Dziko lapansi ndi loponderezedwa ndikuthirira madzi ambiri.
Dothi. Poskonnik amakonda dothi lotayirira, lopatsa thanzi ndi acidity yandale. Ma loams ndi loamy dothi amatsutsana naye.
Kuthirira. Poskonnik amakonda madzi. Ngati pali dziwe pafupi, mtengowo ungabzalidwe pambali pake. Kuthirira tchire kumalimbikitsidwa nthawi zambiri. Rhizome amalimbana ndi kukokoloka kwamadzi pang'ono, chifukwa chake musawope kuthira madzi pansi pa tchire, koma mbewuyo siyilola chilala. Kuti dothi lisalumikizane, liyenera kumasulidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Muthanso kuthira nthaka.
Feteleza. Kuti muchotse kwambiri maluwa ndi maluwa, sill ya pawindo imafunikira kuti umuna. Ndiwosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ma mineral complexes. Panyengo, kuvala pamwamba ndi kumugwiritsa ntchito muzu katatu.
Kudulira. Kudulira sikofunikira kudulira. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchotsa ma inflorescence owonongeka kuti mupewe kudziphukira. Maphunziro okwanira ayenera kumangidwa kapena kubzala m'mphepete mwa mipanda ndi mipanda. Usanadye nyengo yachisanu, mphukira zimadulidwa mpaka muzu.
Matenda ndi tizirombo. Wogwa amateteza matenda komanso tiziromboka. Nthawi ndi nthawi zokha pomwe ogwira ntchito mgodi osagwira tizilombo amakhala pamenepo. Mutha kuthana ndi tizirombo pokha podulira masamba owonongeka ndi mphukira.
Chipinda cham'munda
Poskonniki amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala magulu; ndi ma tapeworm apamwamba. Mitengo yamaluwa pakati pa udzu idzakongoletsa mundawo ndi kukopa tizilombo ta uchi. Mothandizidwa ndi mitundu yayitali, mutha kupanga maziko a otsika okhala pamaluwa. Chojambula pawindo chimawoneka bwino kwambiri pafupi ndi dolphinium, rudbeckia, echinacea, phala kapena astilbe.
