Geranium, mwinanso nkhwangwa, ndiomera pamtundu wa banja la Geranium. Ndi chomera chotchuka chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chiwembu m'mundamo.
Makhalidwe a geraniums wamunda
Garden geranium - chitsamba chokongola chopanda, ndi udzu wamuyaya. Kutalika kwa mbewuyo ndi kosiyanasiyana: pali mitundu yonse yaing'ono komanso yayitali.
Masamba ndi wandiweyani, chingwe chosema. Pali zazikulu ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana - azizungulira kapena m'mphepete.
Mphukira za mtengowo zimafikira mainchesi mpaka 5cm ndipo zimakhala ndi ma petals pafupifupi 5. Mitundu ya maluwa a geranium ali ndi phale lautoto. Mithunzi yonse yofiira, yoyera, yapinki ndi yofiirira imapezeka. Zomera za banja la geranium zimakhala ndi fungo lokoma.
Ubwino waukulu wamtunduwu ndi thanzi lake: duwa limakhala lopanda chilala, chosasamala chisamaliro ndipo lili ndi chitetezo chokwanira.
Kusiyana kwa munda wa geranium kuchokera ku chipinda
Indoor geranium kapena pelargonium anaphatikizidwa mgulu limodzi ndi geranium mu 1738, ngakhale ali osiyana chibadwa. Kunja, amafanana kwambiri, koma ali ndi zosiyana zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mbewu ndi za banja limodzi, koma sizingafanane.
Tebulo limafotokoza zina kusiyanitsa.
| Chizindikiro | Munda | Chipinda |
| Habitat | Malo otentha kwambiri ndi dera la Mediterranean, Belarus, Central Asia, madera a mapiri a Caucasus, Siberia ndi Far East. | Makamaka South Africa. |
| Kutengera kwanyengo | Chimamveka chotseguka pansi chaka chonse, chosagwira kwambiri chisanu. | Makonda okonda kutentha, nthawi yozizira bwino. Potseguka amatha kukhala nthawi yachilimwe yokha. |
| Mbewu | "Geranius" kuchokera ku Chigriki - "crane". Osati pachabe - mbewu, maonekedwe, amafanana ndi mutu wa mbalameyi. | "Pelargonium" pomasulira - "dokowe". Ndi fanizo. |
| Maluwa | Zophatikizika ndi masamba a 5-8 a mawonekedwe olondola, iwonso, amapanga inflorescence momwe muli maluwa ngati asanu. | Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yosiyanasiyana imapanga maluwa angapo inflorescence. |
| Asitima | Mpaka 10. | Kufikira 7. |
| Mtundu | Palibe mawonekedwe ofiira zachilengedwe. | Palibe mabuluu. |
Mitundu ndi mitundu yama geraniums
Posachedwa, kutchuka kogwiritsa ntchito mbeu popanga mawonekedwe kwakhala kukuchulukira chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osangalatsa ndi katundu, monga chisanu osazizira komanso kusagonanso.
Pali mitundu 400 ya majeremusi. Pali magawano malinga ndi kutalika kwa chitsamba: kutsika mpaka 50 cm, kutalika - masentimita 50. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu 4 yayikulu ikhoza kusiyanitsidwa ku Russia:
- crane yayikulu-rhizome;
- kaso bulauni;
- South European Crane;
- geranium woyamwa.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Zosiyanasiyana ndi zakanema |
| Machi | Osatha ndi nthambi zazifupi. Kutalika kwa tchire ndi pafupifupi 30-70 cm. "Buds mu girth ya 4 cm, 2-3 mu inflorescence, makamaka kukhala ndi mtundu wa lilac. Maluwa amapezeka m'miyezi iwiri yoyambirira. Imakonda chinyezi, chifukwa chake imamera m'malo okhala ndi zithaphwi, mitengo ndi nkhalango. Malowa ndi European Russia, Belarus, Ukraine. Chomera chimakhala chofunikira chifukwa cha machiritso: kuthandiza ndi colic, matenda amkhutu, gout, matenda a genitourinary system, rheumatism; kugunda kwamtima. | - |
| Zabwino | Chitsamba chokongola kwambiri chofalikira pafupifupi masentimita 60. Maluwa a buluu amapanga inflorescence a maluwa 2-3. Maluwa amatha kuonedwa miyezi yonse ya chilimwe. Chosangalatsa kwambiri pamtunduwu ndi masamba. Ali ndi mawonekedwe osyanitsidwa ndipo ali ndi chochititsa chidwi - pakugwa kwawo amasintha kuchoka pamtundu wobiriwira kupita wofiyira. | Alan Mayes, Blue magazi, Mayi. Kendall Clark, Rosemoor. |
| Chijojiani | Tchire losavomerezeka limakula mpaka 80 cm. Mutha kukumana ndi chomera m'tchire la Caucasus. Mizu yake ndi yofunika - imakhala ndi utoto wachilengedwe wakuda. Volumetric masamba ofiira ofiirira amtundu wakuda. Nthawi ya maluwa ndiyambira mwezi wa Julayi mpaka Seputembala. Masamba ake ndiwofewetsa ndipo amakhala ndimaso owoneka bwino kwambiri amtundu wakuthwa. | - |
| Mtundu wofiirira | Chitsamba cha Carpathian mpaka 80cm kutalika ndi masamba akulu apansi. Ali ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa komanso mawonekedwe: mikwingwirima yakuda imawonekera pa imvi ya kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Chomera chimakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono ofiirira, omwe masamba ake okhala ndi madontho a wavy, pachimake mu Julayi-August. | Buluu wa Langthorn, Lily Lovell, Samobor, Album. |
| Magazi ofiira | Chitsamba cha hemispherical chotalika masentimita 60. Chochititsa chidwi ndi maluwa amodzi akulu, fuchsia kapena utoto. Limamasula chilimwe chonse. Masamba a mbewu yophukira amasintha mtundu kukhala wofiyira. Geranium yamtunduwu imakhala ndi machiritso ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito: ma virus, bowa, matenda, majeremusi komanso magazi. Ziphuphu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. | Alan Bloom, Apfelbute, Kunyada kwa Ankum, Canon Miles, Elke, Nana, Prostratum. |
| Nkhalango | Shrub 80c wamtali ndi maluwa ofiirira. Maluwa ndi afupiafupi, masabata atatu okha kuyambira mu Meyi kapena June. Kuthengo kumamera ku Western Siberia, Central Asia, Europe. | Mayflower, Album, Birch Lilac. |
| Melo | Mtengowo umangokhala madera abwino a Eurasia. Imakhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu amitundu yosiyanasiyana: kuchokera kufiyira mpaka buluu, kuchokera pabuluu mpaka utoto. Maluwa pamwezi amayamba mu Juni. Imakhala ndi utoto wonyezimira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ngati othandizira, antimicrobial komanso anti-yotupa. | Algera Double, Cluden Sapphire, Ilja, Splish Splash. Blue ya Jonson, Brookside, Kashmir Blue, Orion. |
| Anthu ochepa kapena Armenian | Osatha kufika 1.2 m ndi masamba aatali. Mtundu wawo umasintha kuyambira nthawi yachilimwe: M'chilimwe amasintha kukhala obiriwira, mchilimwe amatembenukira khunyu, ndipo posachedwa amakhala ofiira. Zomera zimayamba kuphukira mu Juni, maluwa ndi ang'ono ang'onoang'ono. | Bressingham Flair, Ann Folkard. |
| Flat | Chitsamba chooneka ngati nthambi, chomwe chimakula mpaka theka la mita ndi girth mpaka mita 1. Ili ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira ndi maluwa ofiirira. | - |
| Endress kapena Perenayan | Chifukwa cha kukula kwachilengedwe - chitsamba chokhala ndi mizu yayitali, kuphukira, kutalika kwa mita. Masamba akulu obiriwira amatalika pafupifupi 10 cm ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono a pinki. Amakonda dothi lokhazikika, losakhalitsa. | Diso la Waona, Wargrave Pink, Betty Catchpole. |
| Himalayan | Lakhala ndi mizu, kutalika kwa chitsamba sikupitirira masentimita 60. Masamba opukutidwa okhala ndi masamba akuluakulu mu girth wa mpaka 5 cm. Maluwa kuchokera kumapeto kwa kumapeto kwa mvula kugwa. Amakonda dothi lotayirira komanso lopopera. Mutha kukumana m'magawo a Afghanistan, Tibet, Tajikistan ndi meadows a Himalayan. | Makanda abuluu, Gravetye, Blue Blue, Plenum, ndi Johnson's Blue ndi Rozanne. |
| Dalmatia | Chitsamba chotsika mpaka 15cm kutalika ndi 50 cm mulifupi ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono amtundu wofewa wa pinki. Limamasula m'chilimwe. Masamba amaswazika mawonekedwe, amasintha ofiira ndi kutentha kwamphamvu. Amamera ku Montenegro ndi Albania. | - |
| Phulusa | Chitsamba chaching'ono chomwe chili ndi maluwa owala a pinki. Maluwa amatenga masiku 20 mpaka 40 okha kuyambira mwezi woyamba wa masika. Masamba adapakidwa utoto wonyezimira, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe osanjika, pafupifupi 5 cm. Amakhala m'malo otchedwa Albanian ndi Balkan. | Ballerina, Splendens, Subcaulescens. |
| Renard | Chomera chobiriwira chomwe chimakhala ndi nthangala yayikulu, chophukira pafupifupi masentimita 30. Chili ndi masamba a mtundu wa azitona ndi maluwa oyera okhala ndi mipata yofiirira. Dziko la geranium ili ndi Caucasus. | - |
| Roberta | Hafu ya mita yayitali. Masamba amafanana ndi masamba a fern, m'dzinja amatha kusintha mtundu kukhala lalanje. Maluwa ndi ofiira ochepa apinki. Tsinde limakutidwa ndi ubweya waung'ono wofiyira. Mitunduyi imadziwika chifukwa imamera mwakachetechete m'malo okwera, imakonda mthunzi. Amamera m'nkhalango za ku Eurasia, North America. | - |
| Wallich | Chophimba chapansi pansi chimakula mpaka 30 m kutalika ndi mulifupi mpaka theka la mita. Ili ndi masamba yayitali komanso maluwa akulu ofiirira, okhala ndi maziko oyera. Nthawi ya maluwa ndiyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka pakati pa nyengo. Imapezeka kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Afghanistan, Kashmir. | Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Buxton, Blue ya Buxton, Syabru, Crystal Lake. |
| Yaikulu-rhizome kapena Balkan | Spherical undersized shrub wokhala ndi nthambi zake. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhudzidwa ndikuwala. Masamba ndi ozungulira komanso ogawika magawo. Kukongoletsedwa kobiriwira kumasandulika kofiira pakugwa. Maluwa amabwera mitundu yowala: pinki, yofiirira. Chomera chimakhala ndi fungo labwino. Kukhazikika kwa Alps ndi Balkan. Mizu yake imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kununkhira kwachilengedwe pakuphika. Mafuta a Geranium ali ndi katundu wochiritsa komanso wopatsa mphamvu. | Zosiyanasiyana za Bevan, Czakor, Lohfelden, Zosiyanasiyana za IngInen, Insversen, Spessart, Variegata. |
| Cantabrian | Wosakanizidwa wopezeka ku Dalmatia ndi geranium wamkulu. Mtundu wocheperako umakhala ndi masamba obiriwira komanso maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera, ofiira komanso ofiirira. | Westray, St. Ole, Biokovo, Cambridge. |
Kufalikira kwa munda wamera wobiriwira
Kuswana kwa Crane kutha kuchitika m'njira ziwiri:
- Mbewu - njira yovuta komanso yovuta. Zotsatira zake, zimapezeka kuti ma geranium ena sangathe kupanga mbewu zawo, ndipo ena amadzipanga okha ndikumawabalalitsa. Pofalitsa motere, muyenera kusankha mitundu yowoneka bwino kwambiri yomwe imaphuka pakatha chaka chimodzi.
- Masamba kapena kudula - njira yogawa gawo la muzu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchita njirayi kasupe. Choyamba muyenera kukonza nthaka: kuwonjezera manyowa kompositi ndi peat. Kenako, m'nthaka yotere muyenera kubzala mphukira. M'tsogolo, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuthirira nthawi zonse, ndipo mwezi umodzi mutabzala, kudyetsa mmera.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira mbewu za m'minda
Kuyambika bwino kumachitika mu nthawi yophukira kapena masika. Ndikofunikira kukonza nthaka: kuwonjezera peat kapena humus. Dziko lapansi limafunikira kuthiriridwa ndi kuwilitsidwa. Musanabzale, gawani mizu ya mbewu. Mukawabzala, ndikofunikira kuti azisunga mtunda pakati pawo pafupifupi 30 cm.
Kukula mwakulitsa zipatso zosafunikira sikovuta. Kamodzi pachaka, ndikokwanira kudyetsa lapansi ndi feteleza wa mchere. Madzi pafupipafupi, kusunga chinyezi chambiri. Imakhala moyandikana ndi mbewu zina. Duwa limakhala lolimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo, chifukwa limanunkhira mosayenera.
Zisanu
Geranium ndi chomera choletsa chisanu.
Ikhoza kusiyidwa momasuka pagulu lonse nyengo yachisanu. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kungodula mphukira ndi masamba owonjezera.
Komabe, geranium yamkati, pelargonium, imagwiritsa ntchito kutentha pang'ono, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuitumiza kuzipinda zogona nthawi yozizira. Chifukwa cha izi, khonde lagalasi kapena loggia, momwe matenthedwe satsika pansi + 12 ... +15 ° C, ndiye mulingo woyenera. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amalimbikitsidwa kuti abzale ma geraniums m'miphika ya maluwa, miphika kapena maluwa, kuti nyengo yachisanu isanayambe. Osachikumba kapena kuchichotsa pamalo pomwepo.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Chifukwa cha fungo lake, geranium imabweza tizirombo tokha komanso mbewu zoyandikana. Ngati, komabe, tizirombo tizimenya, ndikofunikira kudula chitsamba pansi pa msana, ndipo zidutswazo zimafunikira kuwotchera kunja kwa bedi la maluwa kuti nthaka isaonongeke. Matenda ambiri amapezeka nthawi yamvula yambiri.
Tizilombo tambiri ta geraniums:
- Ma nsabwe - muchotse mwa kupopera chitsamba ndi yankho linalake.
- Goose - amayambitsa ngozi kwa sabata, izi zitatha. Kuti mumenye nkhondo, ingololani ndi manja anu kuchokera pachomera.
- Whitefly - gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala "Spark".
Geranium ili ndi matenda ena - masamba amasanduka achikaso. Izi zimachitika ndi chinyezi chosakwanira. Ngati masamba agwa, chomera sichikhala chowunikira.
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala pano amalangiza: zinthu zofunikira za geranium ndi contraindication
Mankhwala wowerengeka, geranium imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mitundu ya mankhwala osakanikirana, ma minyewa, ndi mafuta omwe amalimbikitsa thanzi la munthu.
Kuchokera pamizu ya chomera, mutha kupeza mafuta a geranium, omwe ali ndi katundu wochiritsa komanso contraindication. Mafuta ali ndi shuga, fructose, tannins, mavitamini. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda a viral, kutupa, kutopa ndi matenda amanjenje.
Samalani ndi ziwengo. Kumbukirani kuti kudzipereka nokha sikofunika, gwiritsani ntchito zinthu zochokera m'munda wamagalimoto omwe ali ndi mapindu azaumoyo ayenera kuvomerezedwa ndi dokotala. Komanso, decoctions ndi bwino kuti asamwere okalamba.
