Kuvuta kumpoto, masamba ndi zipatso zomwe timadziŵa sizikukula. Komabe, chifukwa cha ntchito ya obereketsa, zomera zimamera zomwe zimatha kulimbana ndi nyengo yozizira komanso nthawi yokwanira yozizira. Mmodzi mwa mbewu zimenezi ndi beetroot. Talingalirani mitundu yambiri ya ndiwo zamasamba ndi yabwino kwambiri kukula ku Siberia ndi malamulo owasamalira.
Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ku Siberia
Chinthu chabwino kwambiri ku Siberia chidzakhala chosasunthika, chosasamalidwa, tebulo la beet mitundu yomwe ingathe kukula m'madera omwe alimi oopsa kwambiri.
Popeza kuti obereketsa a Russia kwa nthawi yayitali anapeza kuti mitengoyi ikukhala yabwino kumpoto, ndi mitundu yobadwira yomwe ili ndi ubwino kuposa ena. Nthawi yakucha ya masamba chikhalidwe chagawidwa m'mawa, pakati ndi mochedwa. Mosasamala nthawi ya nthawi yopanga mizu, mitundu yonse imagonjetsedwa ndi kuzizira:
- mitundu yoyambirira - athe kugwiritsa ntchito popanda chithandizo cha kutentha ndi kucha m'chilimwe:
- "Bordeaux 237". Mnofu ndi wowometsera, wofiira wakuda, wokoma. Sichikugonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi tizirombo. Angasungidwe kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
- "Modana". Mzu wapakati ndi maroon, wokoma, koma osasungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Osati za tizirombo ndi matenda.
- "Pablo F1". Thupi ndi lofiira, ndi labwino kwambiri, mu vinaigrette limawoneka bwino. Mungasungidwe kwa miyezi ingapo. Nyerere ndi yopepuka.
- "Bohemia". Pakatikati muli mtundu wakuda kwambiri, wamadzi wambiri komanso wamafuta. Osadwala ndi kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali.
- "Detroit". Mizu yazitsamba zochepa. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala kuthirira ndi feteleza. Osatenga matenda.
- mitundu yosiyanasiyana - amadziwika ndi yosungirako nthawi yaitali, akhoza kufesedwa m'nyengo yozizira:
- "Borschchevaya". Mnofu ndi wofiira wakuda, wokoma. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yodzichepetsa kunthaka. Nyerere ndi yopepuka. Anagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga saladi, borscht, timadziti.
- "Zokoma". Pakatikati mwa mdima wa chitumbuwa chamdima, zipatsozo ndizozing'ono komanso zozungulira. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yapadziko lonse ndipo palibe zoletsa pakuphika.
- "Opole". Mizu yazitsamba imakhala yotentha kwambiri, khungu ndi lochepa. Zitha kusungidwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndipo ubwino wa chipatso sunatayika.
- "Wosakanizika A 463". Zomera zapakati za mawonekedwe apamwamba, okwera, olowetsa, mdima ndi mthunzi wa chitumbuwa. Osati matenda ndi tizirombo. Mphatso zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa zimatha kupirira m'nyengo yozizira ndipo sizikutaya.
- mitundu yochedwa - amadziwika ndi nthawi yaitali yakucha. Iwo amasiyanitsidwa ndi luso loti asamaope kasupe ndi yophukira chisanu ndi nyengo yotentha. Zomera zimayambira ku mbewu zatsopano, mwakuya popanda kulemera ndi mawonekedwe:
- "Renova". Ali ndi mawonekedwe a silinda ndi thupi la zofiira ndi zofiirira. Anapatsidwa kukoma kokoma ndi kusowa kwa fungo la beet. Zokolola ndi zochuluka komanso zopanda ulemu pakukula.
- "Monofilament". Mtundu wa thupi ndi maroon. Mitunduyi imakhala ndi kukoma kokoma ndi madzi ambiri, mawonekedwe ophwima komanso zokolola zopatsa.
- "Silinda". Ili ndi mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wobiriwira, ali ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri ndipo amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa fungo. Mphatso za beet zasungidwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi iwiri. Zosiyanasiyana zimagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha, chisanu, matenda, tizirombo.
- "Matron SeDeK". Mmene chipatsocho chimaonekera, mtunduwo ndi wamdima, kukoma kwake kumatchulidwa. Muzu wa mbeu yosungirako nthawi yaitali, sungatayike mavitamini.
- "Citadella". Ili ndi mawonekedwe a silinda, kutalika kwautali, kofiira. Malingana ndi zikhalidwe zingathe kusungidwa mpaka mwezi wa Meyi. Kula, mtundu, maonekedwe si pafupifupi kusintha.
Werengani komanso za ulimi wa yamatcheri, mphesa, apulo woboola ma shallots, mbatata, rhododendron, hydrangea, maluwa osatha ku Siberia, komanso mitundu yabwino ya tomato, mbatata, raspberries m'madera ovuta.
Nthawi yobzala beets
Kudyetsa ndiwo zamasamba zikuchitika zonse kumapeto kwa autumn ndi masika. Nthawi imadalira nthawi yokolola. Kuti amasangalale ndi masamba oyambirira, mbewuzo zimayikidwa pansi pa kugwa pansi pa chisanu (kumapeto kwa October). Sankhani mitundu yodzichepetsa ndikupirira bwino ozizira, ndi nthawi yochepa kusasitsa. Mitengo yofanana imabzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika.
Kuwotcha nthaka kumakhudza tsiku lenileni.. Mitengo yoyambirira iyenera kufesedwa pansi, itenthedwa ku 5% + madigiri 66 pamtunda wa masentimita 10 (pakati pa May ndi madera a Siberia). Zina - mpaka + 8 ... + madigiri 10. Timafotokozera kuti mitundu yoyambirira sichisungidwe.
Pofuna kusungira makhalidwe onse nthawi yaitali, mizu iyenera kukolola kumapeto kwa September, osati kale, mwinamwake mzuwo sudzakhala ndi nthawi yosonkhanitsa shuga, kuupereka ndi yosungirako nthawi yaitali. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pakati ndi mochedwa beet mitundu ya dziko la Siberia amabzalidwa mu theka lachiwiri la June.
Mukudziwa? Anthu okhala kummawa kwa Ulaya ndi ku Balkan amagwiritsa ntchito beet mizu kuti adye okha kuti adzipewe okha ku mliriwo.
Pali kulima mbewu za beet pogwiritsa ntchito mbande, zomwe zingabzalidwe mchaka cha March ndikubzala pansi kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April, zomwe zikutanthauza kutenga mbeu nthawi yochuluka (kuyambira masiku 18 mpaka 25). Chifukwa cha nyengo ya Siberia, njira yachiwiri imapereka zokolola zambiri komanso zopindulitsa. 
Kumene mungabzalidwe pa webusaitiyi
Muzu wa beet umayamikira malo osungira malo, kuyatsa bwino. Musayambe kulima pafupi ndi mipanda, pafupi ndi mitengo ndi zitsamba. Nthaka imakonda loamy, yolemera mu zinthu zakutchire, ndi mchenga loam ndi madzi osalowererapo-komanso mpweya wodalirika.
Pezani zomwe mitundu ya nthaka imakhala, komanso momwe mungadziwire kuti nthaka isakanikire.
Amamera bwino pa nthaka ya dongo ndi malo amchere komanso madzi oyandikana nawo. Wood phulusa limathandiza kuchepetsa acidity.
Njuchi zimabzalidwa m'malo a mbatata, tomato, kabichi, nyemba ndi mbewu za chaka chatha. Chikhalidwe cha beet chimakula bwino kumene mankhwala amawonekera chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri zisanachitike. Mchere watsopano sulangizidwa.
Mukudziwa? Kwa nthawi yoyamba, beetroot inkayambitsidwa tsiku ndi tsiku ku Middle East ndi kum'maŵa kwa Mediterranean, ngakhale kuti panthaŵi imeneyo masamba okha anali kudya, ndipo mizu imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala.
Kukonzekera kwa malo pa webusaitiyi
Kukonzekera kwa nthaka kumatsekedwa mu malo akuya kukumba malo mu kugwa, komwe kumachitika mu magawo awiri. Choyamba, kusokonekera kumayendetsedwa, ndipo patapita mwezi - kulima, posakayikira kuchotsa namsongole. M'chaka, nthaka imasulidwa ndipo imachotsedwa. Ndi mabedi apansi apansi ayenera kukhala apamwamba. 
Kufesa mbewu poyera
Pofesa mbeu kumalo otsegulira ayenera kuwonetsedwa malangizowo:
- Mtunda pakati pa mizere yofesa uyenera kukhala wofanana ndi 20-25 cm;
- mbewu zakuthupi amaikidwa pa akuya 3-4 masentimita pamaso yozizira, ndipo mu April mokwanira 2-3 masentimita;
- Kuyamba kwa mulching peat kapena humus wosanjikiza pamtunda kumatsiriza kufesa. Ndondomekoyi ndi yofunika kwambiri pa nyengo yozizira;
- Kuthamanga kwa mbeu kumapeto kwa nyengo kumapindula ndi kusamba kwawo (masiku angapo) ndi kumera;
- Ndibwino kuti mutulutse nthaka kudutsa mzere wofikira mpaka mphukira zachinyamata ziwonekere.
Aftercare
Chiyambi cha nyengo yokula ya mizu imafuna chisamaliro chapadera ndi chisamaliro.
Kuthirira
Kumera kumafuna madzi okwanira nthawi, makamaka nyengo yotentha. Zikuchitika kuti kuthirira kumalowetsedwa ndi hilling ndi mvula yambiri. Ndi kuthirira mowolowa manja kwa nthaka yochulukirapo, mizu ya mbewu imawoneka ming'alu. Ndibwino kuti mupange njira yowonongeka kukonkha. Masabata awiri musanatenge mphatso za masamba, kuthirira kwatha.
Tikukulangizani kuti muwerenge za kusankha osakaniza kwa kuthirira munda.
Kupopera
Ndikoyenera kuti achinyamata amamera amafunika kuchepa ziwiri poyerekeza ndi tsamba lachitatu ndi lachisanu. Mtunda pakati pa ziphuphu uyenera kukhala 6-8 masentimita. 
Kusamalira dothi
Achinyamata, osati kale mphukira zowonongeka ayenera kukhala nthawi zonse ndi osamala namsongole, mwinamwake namsongole adzawawononga iwo basi. Musamayembekezere kuti apange nthaka yolimba m'munda. Mbewu yachitsamba idzakhala yochepa yokoma komanso yovuta, yovuta.
Pezani choti muchite ngati beets suma.
Kudyetsa
Musanabzala, superphosphate ndi potaziyamu kloride (feteleza feteleza) amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Masentimita 35 a superphosphate, 15 g wa saltpeter ndi potaziyamu ya kloride pamtunda wa mita imodzi idzagwiritsidwa pa mita imodzi. Kuchuluka kwa zokolola kumapindula powonjezera manyowa kapena humus. Koma pambuyo kupatulira beet chikhalidwe, ndi kutsanulira pa madzi ndi Kuwonjezera wa nayitrogeni (potaziyamu nitrate, urea, nettle Tingafinye) kukula chikwama. Zakudya zotsatilazi zikuchitika pambuyo pa kupangidwa kwa chipatso (mtedza pang'ono) phosphorous-potaziyamu feteleza. Mitengo yonse ya nitrojeni iyenera kuchotsedwa.
Ndikofunikira! Nyerere zimatha kusonkhanitsa nitrates, kotero musati muzitha kuzigwiritsa ntchito ndi feteleza zamchere.
Kuonjezerapo, beetroot ndi mbewu yokha yomwe ikufunika kudyetsa. mcherekuti mukhale wamanyazi komanso mwachifundo kwambiri. Kulongosola kwa chodabwitsa ichi chiri mu zomera za zomera. Nyanja, yomwe inadzazidwa ndi mphepo ya mchere ya Mediterranean kwa zaka mazana ambiri, inadzaza chomeracho, ndipo mcherewo unakhala wofunikira pa chikhalidwe ichi. Kupaka kwapamwamba kumachitika pa nthaka yothira bwino, kuthirira pazu.
Video: Kudyetsa beets ndi njira ya mchere
Nthawi yoyeretsa ndi kusunga
Mwezi wa October akuonedwa kuti ndibwino kwambiri kukolola ku Siberia. Koma ndi bwino kuganizira zizindikiro zazikulu za kucha: nsonga zimafota, masamba otsika amauma, chipatso chinapeza kulemera kwake ndi kukula kwake.
Ndikofunikira! Kuyeretsa mwamsanga kumapezeka pakulosera chisanu choyamba. Mazira a chisanu a beet amachititsa kukhala osayenera kusunga mbali yonse ya muzu.
Pa tsiku lotentha, ndi nthawi yokonzekera mbeu yosungirako mbeu. Zamasamba zimalowera bwino, zopanda dothi, kudula nsonga, mizu ya mbali, kupereka maola (2-4 maola). Zisanayambe kutumizidwa kusungirako, zamasamba zimatulutsidwa, kuchotsa zosayenera.
Pali njira ziwiri zosungiramo:
- Choyamba chimaphatikizapo kukhalapo kwa sump kumene masamba ali ndi mchenga. Gombe liyenera kutetezedwa ku makoswe;
- chachiwiri chimapezeka ndi kukhalapo kwa zipinda zamdima ozizira (pansi, cellar, firiji) ndi kutentha kuyambira 0 ° C mpaka +2 ° C ndi chinyezi cha 90%.
Konzani njuchi m'nyengo yozizira ingakhalenso njira yowuma ndi kuzizira.
Video: Makhalidwe a kulima ndi kusunga beets ku Siberia
M'madera ozizira a ku Siberia, muzu wa beet umakula bwino ndikupereka zokolola zambiri. Kusungirako sikutanthauza mikhalidwe yapadera yamtengo wapatali. Kusamalira zomera kumakhala kosavuta.
