Ndodo yagolide kapena golide: Kufotokozera, mitundu, kubzala, chisamaliro

Goldenrod, solidago kapena ndodo yamankhwala ndi udzu wosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku banja la aster kapena Asteraceae, mchilatini amatchedwa "solidus", zomwe zikutanthauza "olimba". Solidago amakula mu mawonekedwe a chitsamba chokulirapo, amatulutsa panicle inflorescence, amakumbukira March mimosa mu utoto ndi mawonekedwe.

Chomerachi chimapezeka nthawi zambiri m'minda, ndipo chimayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kukongoletsa kwake. Maluwa amatengedwa ngati maluwa am'maluwa a dzinja, sasunga bwino kuposa maluwa owuma. Gwiritsani ntchito ngati zomera zantchito pokonzera potions malinga ndi maphikidwe otchuka.

Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a goldenrod

Pali mitundu yoposa 80 yazomera, Northern Hemisphere, gawo lalikulu limakula ku America, Canada. Kutalika kwa tchire kumasiyanasiyana, pali mitundu yamtundu ndi zimphona zazikulu mpaka 1.5 metres. Mphukirayo zimakhala ndi nthambi, zina zimayamba kumangokhala nthambi za inflorescence, kutalika kwake kumayambira 20 mpaka 35 cm, chikasu chokhala ndi mandimu kapena mandimu a lalanje. Masamba ali ndi mpendero, ndipo malembawo ali m'mphepete ofanana ndi khumbi.

Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amatengedwa mumadengu ang'onoang'ono; amamangirira mozungulira maluwa mbali imodzi, mbali ziwiri kapena kuzungulira. Kutengera ndi nyamazo, zimaphukira kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Pangani mabokosi ambewu mpaka 4 mm kutalika, okhala ndi mawonekedwe a cylindrical.

Goldenrod imasiyana pakubala kwachangu, imathamangitsa mitundu ina ku gawo la mitunduyo. Chimakula pachaka mpaka mbewu zana limodzi zamphamvu zopulumuka. Ili ndi mphamvu zochiritsa, imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala, pharmacology, cosmetology.

Goldenrod waku Canada, wamba ndi mitundu ina

Onani	Zosiyanitsa. Kutalika (m)	Mtundu wachilengedwe
Wamba (Solidago virgaurea)	Masamba a masamba amasanjidwa, amtundu-wowumbika kapena chowulungika; tsinde ndi lopendekera pang'ono, nthambi kumtunda kwake, zimakhala zofiira kwambiri. Kufikira 1.	Madera apakati komanso kumpoto kwa Europe, Asia; ku North Africa; m'madambo, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, m'misewu yapakati Russia.
Shorts (Solidago shortii)	Masamba osalala ndi osalala, mawonekedwe a oblong wedge, mu Varigata osiyanasiyana - okhala ndi madontho achikasu ndi mawanga; panicle inflorescence mpaka 45 cm, mabasiketi akulu; nthawi ya maluwa yogwira ndi Seputembara. Kufikira 1.6.	Mapiri aku North America, ku Russia, amawomberedwa mwangozi, ndikosowa.
Anakwimba (Solidago rugosa)	Thunthu lamphamvu, lokhazikika; masamba ovoid kapena wedge okhala ndi serration mpaka 90 cm, chokongoletsera kwambiri mu mitundu yama Fireworks; inflorescence ndi ochepa, mawonekedwe owonda mabasiketi, maulendo okwanira mpaka 2/3 a kutalika kwa mbewu. Kufikira 2.	Madambo, madambo onyowa, misewu ya North America.
Daurian (Solidago dahurica)	Nthambi yowombera kokha m'dera la inflorescence; kumtunda kwake ndi pubescent; masamba ali ndi ovate, otanthauza, okhala ndi m'mbali mwa masanjidwe, ophatikizika ndi zodula; inflorescence carpal, yopapatiza, mabasiketi otayirira. Kufikira 1.	Imamera m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ku Siberia.
Canada (Solidago canadensis)	Masamba amakhala ndi mawonekedwe, amakongoletseka m'mtundu, amakula mpaka pansi; inflorescence ndi wandiweyani, piramidi, amakula mpaka 40 cm, mtundu wa maluwa ndi wagolide, pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Patio, madengu amatengedwa mumabulu. Kufikira 2.	Chimakula pakati komanso kumpoto kwa North America.
Pamwambamwamba (Solidago altissima)	Masamba okhala ndi mawonekedwe amtsempha, okhala ndi zotupa m'mphepete, masamba apamwamba ndi olimba ndi mbali zosalala; mandimu okhala ndi mandimu okhala mpaka 2/3 kutalika kwake, ali ndi madengu amtundu umodzi mabasiketi kuma nthambi mpaka 35 cm. Kufikira 1.8.	Imamera m'mphepete mwa msewu, m'mbali mwa njira kumpoto kwa America.
Drummond (Solidago drummondii)	Mapesi akumangidwa, amakhala malo ogona; Masamba ndi ochepa, ovoid, odzaza owoneka bwino. Mpaka 50.	Imapezeka kuthengo ku America, komwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe a mayiko a Central Europe, pakati Russia.
Fosholo (Solidago spathulata)	Malo okhala ndi mfuti; masamba owumbika, obiriwira owoneka bwino, obzalidwa petiole ya sing'anga; inflorescence ndi lush, genemose, fluffy, golide hue, amakhala ndi fungo labwino. Mpaka 60.	Imakula m'mphepete mwa Pacific ku America, komwe imabweretsa kumadera aku Far East ku Russia, yomwe imalimidwa m'minda.

Zosiyanasiyana za golide wosakanizidwa

Hybrid goldenrod (Solidago x hybrida) amaphatikiza mitundu yobereketsa yochokera ku Canada, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo okongoletsa malo.

Gulu	Kufotokozera Kutalika (m)	Nthawi ya maluwa
Kumakuma	Chitani mantha inflorescence, mpaka 20 cm kutalika, chikasu chagolide. Kufikira 1.	Ogasiti-kuyambika kwa yophukira.
Schweffelgeiser	Ma inflorescence ndi fluffy, wandiweyani, okhala ndi mabasiketi ang'onoang'ono, achikasu achikasu. 1,4.	Pakati pa Ogasiti-kumapeto kwa Seputembara.
Kronenstahl	Kutalika kwa inflorescence mpaka 25 masentimita, mtundu wa maluwa ake ndi wachikaso chowala. Kufikira 1.3.	Miyezi iwiri yoyambilira ya nyundo.
Gol mosa	Kutalika kwa inflorescence mpaka 35 cm, maluwa ndi dzuwa chikasu. Kufikira 1.5.	Kuyambira koyambirira kwa Seputembala mpaka Novembala.
Shtipgold	Maluwa achikasu a ndimu amasonkhanitsidwa m'makola amitundu 20 cm. Osapitilira 1.	Ogasiti-Seputembala.
Golden Dvof	Masamba ndi owoneka ngati maonekedwe, osadulidwa, m'mphepete osalala, ma inflorescence amawoneka ngati chitsamba, amtundu wowoneka bwino, wachikasu. Kufikira 0.6.	Mapeto a chilimwe - pakati pa Okutobala.
Goldtann	Maluwa okhala ndi duwa la buluu, inflorescences siunthawi, mpaka 20 cm, mtundu wa masamba ndi wachikasu-lalanje. Kufikira ku 1.2.	Ogasiti-kumayambiriro kwa Okutobala.
Frigold	Kutalika kwa ma inflorescence a mayiko awiri mpaka 25cm, mtundu wake ndi wachikasu. Kufikira ku 1.2.	Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala mpaka kumapeto kwa nyundo.
Dzintra	Masamba amtundu wa lanceolate, wokhala ndi matchuthi, ma umbellate inflorescence, okhala ndi mabasiketi owala amtundu wachikasu. Kufikira 0.6.	Kuyambira Julayi mpaka pakati pa Okutobala.
Strakhlenkron	Kutalika kwa kirrus kowazidwa kwamaluwa ndi maluwa a inflorescence mpaka 20 cm, utoto wake ndi wachikaso. Kufikira 0.6.	Kuyambira kumapeto kwa Julayi mpaka pakati pa Seputembala.
Perkeo	Zimayambira ndi zowongoka, zowonda, masamba ndi ang'ono, ofunda mawonekedwe, opanga ma inflorescence, mpaka 35 masentimita, chikasu chofiyira. 1,5.	Kuyambira mu June mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala.

Njira zoberekera za Goldenrod

Udzu wobzalidwa ndi mbande. Isanayambike nyengo yozizira, sikuti mabokosi onse ambewu amapsa, choncho muyenera kukhala okonzekera kumera kochepa kwa mbewu zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa mukugwa. Kulima kumayamba kumapeto kwa Marichi. Ngati mungasunthire kubzala kwa February, mutha kukwaniritsa maluwa mu June.

Mbewu zimaswa pambuyo pa masiku 15-20, kutentha kwa kumera kuyambira +10 ° С mpaka +22 ° С. Madera omata pang'ono otetezedwa ndi mphepo amasankhidwa chifukwa chobzala - mitundu ina imakonda kukhala. Zomera zing'onozing'ono zimabzalidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 40. Goldrod samatengera dothi, koma maluwa ambiri, inflorescence odzaza amakwaniritsidwa ndi ukadaulo woyenera waulimi.

Kusamalira golidi m'munda

Chomera sichitenga nthawi yochuluka kuchokera kwa wamaluwa. Nthawi zambiri golide wagolide amakula ngati udzu, popanda chisamaliro chilichonse, koma samasiyana pakukongoletsa m'mikhalidwe yotere.

Kuthirira

Chikhalidwe cholimbana ndi chilala, kuthilira nthawi zonse sikofunikira, kuyanika nsonga yamasamba kukuwonetsa kusowa chinyezi. Ndikofunika kunyowetsa nthaka m'nthawi yamaluwa.

Feteleza

Kukonzekera kovuta kulikonse kumakhala koyenera kudyetsa, kumayang'aniridwa malinga ndi malangizo, kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri pachaka - kasupe panthawi yachangu komanso maluwa ochulukirapo. Ndikofunikira kuwona kusinthira mu organic. Kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni, masamba amapambana, osati maluwa.

Garter ndi kumuika

Mahesiti amapanga mbewu zokha zokhala ndi mphukira zofooka ndi mitundu yosakonda kukhala. Kwa iwo, pangani mafelemu amatabwa kapena mauna, mangani mitengo ikuluikulu mtolo. Zosatha ndizochulukitsidwa osaposanso kamodzi pachaka 4, chitsamba chimagawika m'magawo awiri, zosakanikirana ndi dothi zimapangidwanso. Masamba achikulire amakuya mpaka 20 cm.

Kudulira

Chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, mphukira zimadulidwa kutalika kwa 10 mpaka 15 cm kuchokera pansi. Mphukira zikatulutsidwa, chitsamba chimadulidwa, ndikuchotsa kufooka. Ndondomeko amalimbikitsa mapangidwe nthambi yamaluwa yamaluwa, maluwa ambiri.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Chomera chimatha kutenga matenda oyamba ndi fungus: powdery mildew, brown dzimbiri. Kuchepetsa kumawerengedwa ngati prophylactic yabwino kuti masamba asakhe. Osalola chakudya chochuluka. Zithandizo zaukhondo zimachitika mchaka, kuwaza nthaka pafupi ndi chitsamba ndi phulusa lamatabwa losakanikirana ndi choko (1: 1). Kuwononga koteroko kumalowa m'malo mwa masiketi.

Poyamba zizindikiro za zotupa zotupa, amathandizidwa ndi kukonzekera kwa mabulosi zitsamba.

Kugwiritsa ntchito golide pa mawonekedwe

Mukamakongoletsa m'minda yakutsogolo yodzala sankhani mitundu yobiriwira ya golide, yophukira nthawi zosiyanasiyana.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosakanizidwa popanga mapangidwe ake ndizofala ku Europe. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maulendo apaulendo kukopa mungu wochokera tizilomboti. Goldenrod imayenda bwino ndi ma conifers, osatha: phlox, dionysus, sage, thyme. Kuzungulira iwo amabzala pachaka asters, zinnias, terry calendula.

Mr. Chilimwe wokhala kumudziwako amadziwitsa: golide wa mankhwala - mankhwala ndi zotsutsana

Goldenrod imakhala ndi mainsisi onunkhira, esters, phenols, flavonoids, bioactive zinthu, ali ndi anti-kutupa, expectorant, diuretic kanthu. Phindu la chomera limadziwika.

Pazikulidwe zazikulu, goldenrod ndiw poizoni. Mosamala, iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa omwe akudwala matendawa. Musanalandire chithandizo, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.

Goldenrod ali ndi contraindication: matenda a chiwindi ndi impso, matenda a mtima, chithokomiro. Kudzichiritsa wekha kungawononge thupi.

Zinthu zotsogola zimasonkhanitsidwa pachikamu, masamba, maluwa, mphukira zofewa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira. Zipangizo zomera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa infusions, decoctions, kukonzekera kwa akupanga. Amachiritsa mabala, kuchotsa ziphuphu, kusisita khungu, kuchitira anthu ndi nyama.