Kukula lobelia kuchokera ku mbewu

Kuchokera munkhaniyi muphunzira momwe mungakulitsire lobelia kuchokera ku mbewu, pamene kuli bwino kubzala chaka chino malinga ndi Kalendala ya Lunar ndipo osati kokha. Koma, choyamba, tiwone kuti ndi mbewu yanji - lobelia.

Lobelia ndi mtengo wobiriwira wa herbaceous, shrub kapena semi-shrub. Mlendo waku South Africa adayamba ku Russia. Limamasula chilimwe chonse. Zovala zoyera, zabuluu, zapinki, zofiirira, zamtambo zamtambo zazing'ono zimakwirira masamba a mbewu. Kutalika ndi kutalika kwa zimayambira zimatengera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya lobelia. Chomera cha pachaka mumphika chimabweretsedwera nyengo yozizira kupita kunyumba, komwe lobelia ili asanabzalidwe pabedi la maluwa chaka chamawa. Ojambula maluwa amakonda kukongoletsa ziwembu zamaluwa ndi duwa. Kuti mupeze mbande yolimba komanso yolimba ya lobelia, ndikofunikira kudziwa mawonekedwe ake, ukadaulo, malamulo a kufesa ndikuusamalira.

Madeti ofesa kufalikira kwa mbande

Lobelia imafalitsidwa ndi mbewu (kumera kwawo kumasungidwa kwa zaka zitatu), nthawi zina ndikudula. Chomera chimamera ndikukula pang'onopang'ono. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kufesa ndikadali chisanu pamsewu. Izi zimathandizira maluwa kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Mutabzala, patatha masiku 5-10, mbande zoyambirira zidzaonekera, ndipo pambuyo pa 50-60 lobelia itaphuka. Mutabzala mbewu mu Epulo, chomera chomera maluwa mu June chokha.

Chovuta chimakhalapo chifukwa maola owerengeka masana akadali afupia, ndipo mbande za lobelia zimafunikira maola 10 akuwala kwathunthu. Chifukwa chake, kubzala zinthu kunyumba kumawunikiridwa ndi ma photolamp kapena kukulira mu greenhouse.

Amakhulupilira kuti zokolola za Marichi ndizomwe zimachitika mu February. Izi zitha kutsimikiziridwa ndikufesa mbewu ziwiri nthawi imodzi ndikusankha nthawi yoyenera m'gawo lanu.

Lobelia kufesa m'dera

Sankhani poyambira kufesa, poganizira nyengo yomwe ili m'deralo. Kummwera kwa dzikolo, mbewu zimabzalidwa mu February, ndipo ngakhale Januware, kuti azikongoletsa mabedi amaluwa, ndikujambulira malire aminda yam'munda nthawi isanayambike kutentha.

Mukafesa mbewu za lobelia, osati nyengo zokha, komanso nyengo zimawerengedwa.

Kumwera kwa Russia, kuyambira mu Okutobala, munthu akhoza kuyamba kufesa mbewu. Madera akumpoto amakhazikitsidwa kwa March. Anthu okhala ku Siberia ndi Urals amayamba ntchito kumapeto kwa mwezi wa Marichi. Pomwe kutha kwa chisanu chamadzulo kwatha, mutha kusamutsa mbande za lobelia kumalabu, ndikuyika maluwa mumsewu.

Madeti obzala kalendala yathunthu a 2019

Kwa iwo omwe akukonzekera kugwira ntchito m'mundamu malinga ndi kalendala yoyendera mwezi, amalangizidwa kuti asankhe masiku otsatira kufesa lobelia:

Nthaka ndi akasinja a lobelia

Dothi la chomera ndilopepuka, crumbly, popanda kuwerengera pH kapena kosavuta kwa pH. Izi zimayang'aniridwa mosavuta ndi mayeso a litmus kapena viniga. Nthaka imayikidwa pa chidutswa cha galasi ndikuthirira ndi yankho. Kufuna kuchitako ndikumayang'ana pang'ono.

Gwiritsani ntchito dothi labwino lomwe limakonzedwa bwino kapena konzani dothi panu. Nyimbo yotsatirayi ikulimbikitsidwa (2: 2: 2: 1):

• munda wamunda;
• peat;
• humus;
• mchenga.

Gwiritsani ntchito mitundu yambiri ya zosakanikirana: vermiculite, mchenga wowuma, dothi lamunda kapena humus.

Ikani mawonekedwe a zigawo zotere, tengani gawo limodzi:

• mchenga;
• peat kapena tsamba lamasamba;
• dothi louma;
• gawo lama coconut.

Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe m'nthaka kumalimbikitsa kukula kwa greenery ndi maluwa ochepa. Vermiculite imachepetsa acidity nthaka, imachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa madzi ndikupanga madzi. Izi zimakhala ndi phindu pachitukuko cha lobelia.

Ndi yabwino kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi a peat omwe adapangidwa kale. Amagulitsidwa mosiyanasiyana ndi m'maselo apulasitiki apadera, 6, 50, 100 zidutswa chilichonse. Mbewu zimere, zimayamwa ndikuziyika kumalo okhazikika limodzi ndi gawo lapansi.

Dothi losakaniza musanafesere tizilombo toyambitsa matenda:

• calcated mu uvuni;
• wothira madzi otentha;
• kuchitira 1% potaziyamu permanganate yankho;
• tenthetsani banja;
• gwiritsani ntchito fungicides Previkur kapena Maxim.

Kubzala mbewu za lobelia:

• mabokosi amitengo kapena pulasitiki;
• makapu ogwiritsa ntchito ndi mitsuko yamkaka;
• mazira ndi ma CD;
• matumba a tiyi; makhaseti apulasitiki.

Chotikacho chimayenera kutsukidwa ndi koloko kapena kukonzedwa ndi potaziyamu permanganate. Popewa kuwola mizu, mabowo okwirira amapangidwa pansi pazotengera. Pulasitiki imabayidwa mosavuta ndi msomali kapena ulalo wamoto wamoto.

A Dachnik amalimbikitsa: njira zingapo zofesa lobelia

Mbewu zokwana 45,000 zili mgulu limodzi lokha kubzala. Amayikika m'maphukusi, ma ampoules, matumba a zip a pulasitiki. Popeza mbewuzo ndizochepa, sankhani njira yobzala.

Pachikhalidwe, lobelia imabzalidwa m'bokosi. Chitani zinthu zotsatirazi:

• kutsanulira 1 cm ya ngalande pansi pa tank;
• yodzazidwa ndi dothi losakanizika ndi magawo anayi anayi;
• kuthirira nthaka ndi mayankho a potaziyamu permanganate kapena fungicide;
• sakani pamtunda ndi mozungulira;
• sakanizani mbewu za lobelia ndi mchenga papepala;
• kubzala ndendende m'mbali zonse za dothi;
• kuphimba bokosi ndi filimu kapena galasi;
• ikani pamalo owala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya + 23 ... +25 ° C.

Ogulitsa maluwa akuyesa njira zatsopano zofesa mbewu za lobelia.

Chino

Pansi m'bokosi lidakutidwa ndi chipale chofewa. Mbeu zowonongeka zimawoneka bwino pamalo oyera. Mothandizidwa ndi dzino lolumikizira mano, zimafalikira mofananirana panthaka.

Hydrogen peroxide

Mbewu za lobelia zimayikidwa mu kapu ndikuthira kwa mphindi 5-10 ndi hydrogen peroxide. Madzi amawonjezeredwa, osakanizika ndipo supuni imafalitsa msanganizo pamwamba pa nthaka yokonzedwa.

Matumba a tiyi

Dulani malo a gluing ndi ulusi, kuwongola chikwamacho. Kutentha kumatsalira ngati ngalande ndi feteleza. Phukusi, onjezani dziko lapansi ndikuyika pulasitiki. Mbewu imodzi imafalikira pamtunda womwe unathiridwa, waphatikizidwa m'matumba.

Pepala chimbudzi

Wokhala zigawo ziwiri za pepala la chimbudzi pamtunda wa pulasitiki. Madzi ndi madzi. Mbewuzo zimayalidwa ndi ma tonne pambuyo pa masentimita 2-4. 1.5 cm ndikuchoka m'mphepete mwa mbewuyo. Mangani ndi gulu la zotanuka ndikulumikiza chizindikiro ndi dzina la mitundu ndi tsiku. Ikani mpukutuwo mu kapu ndikuwonjezera madzi masentimita 3-4, chivundikiro. Mbeu zofesedwa zimabzalidwa ndikuzibzala m'mbale zodyera limodzi ndi pepala.

Mapiritsi a Peat

Njira yothandiza. Mapiritsi amathiridwa ndi madzi otentha kwa mphindi 10, ndipo atatupa kwa peat, lobelia imafesedwa. Mbewu zachikale, limodzi ndi peat, zimasinthidwa mumphika kapena kubzala pabedi lamaluwa, malire.

Laminate pansi

Njira imeneyi imatchedwa "nkhono". Mizere yopanda mainchesi 10 kudula kuchokera kumtunda wopingasa wa 2 mm.Popendekera pamalowo, 20-30 masentimita amaikidwa kuchokera kumphepete mwa dothi ndikukulungika mosamala mu "cochlea". Mpukutuwo umatetezedwa ndi magulu a elastic, amaikidwa molunjika ndi kuwonjezeredwa pansi. Mbewu za zidutswa 10 zimagawidwa ndi dzino lonyowa kudzera masentimita 5 mosavomerezeka, chinyezi. Amaika mpukutuwo m'chiwiya chonyamula ndikuwaphimba ndi chikho kapena filimu.

Lobelia mmera chisamaliro

Kuwombera kumawonekera pambuyo pa masiku 5-10. Mizu ya mbewu imamera pafupi ndi pansi, pomwe nthaka ikauma, mphukira zimafa maola angapo. Tenthetsani mbande tsiku ndi tsiku ndikuchotsa kuvundikira pachikuto. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha kuzungulira kwa mizu ndi kukula kwamiyendo yakuda. Masiku oyamba amachita izi kwa mphindi 10, ndiye theka la ola. Zopangidwa ndikuwonjezera 20 tsiku lililonse.

Kuwala

Mbande zimayikidwa pansi pa kuwala kapena kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa maola 12-14. Gwiritsani ntchito ma photolamp omwe alibe kuwala kwachilengedwe. Mwakuwala kowala, zikumera zimakutidwa ndi pepala kapena mabokosi ambewu zimayikidwa pazenera lakumadzulo.

Alangizeni kutentha kwa Lobelia kutumphuka + 13 ... +17 ° C.

Kuthirira

Kuyanika dothi kumera lobelia kumalekerera kuposa chinyezi chambiri. Masamba amapindika ndipo mbewuyo imafa. Mbande zoyambirira zimathiriridwa mozungulira poyandikira thankiyo, kenako pansi pa mizu ya mbewu. Onetsetsani kuti m'madzi mulibe madzi owonjezera. Izi zimatha kudzetsa mmera matenda. Zothirira ntchito madzi akhazikika firiji.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Ikani feteleza wapadera. Kwa mbande pamwezi, kuchuluka kwa yankho kumachepera katatu.

Sankhani

Njira ya nthawi imatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa masamba - 2-3 ndi kutalika kwa chomera masentimita 4 kukumba gulu la mbewu zidutswa 4-10, kutsina mizu ndikuyika ndi mtanda wokutira pansi mumbale ndi mulifupi wa 8-9 cm. Gwiritsani ntchito supuni ngati zida. Mbande zoyika zakumwazidwa ndi yankho la Epin kuti musinthe. Madontho atatu a mankhwalawa amasungunuka 1 lita imodzi yamadzi.

Tsinani

Nthambi za zikumera zokhala ndi masamba 5-6, okwanira masentimita 5-7, zimachotsedwa .. Izi zimateteza mbande kuti zisakure. Ndiye, pangani chitsamba chobiriwira ndikukonzekeretsa zam'tsogolo. Lobelia amayamba kuphuka asanagulidwe, adakali m'miphika yaying'ono kapena mumtsuko.

Kuyimitsa

Zisonyezero mumsewu thermometer zimafika + 10 ... +15 ° C - timakonzera mbande zodzala panthaka. Mabokosi okhala ndi zinthu zodzala amatengedwa mumsewu kapena khonde kwa mphindi 5-10 masabata awiri asanaikidwe. Kutalika kwa kuuma kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono. Kenako amachoka panja usiku wonse, kenako usiku.

Onani zochitika zam'm nyengo kuti mupewe kufa kwa mbande chifukwa cha chisanu chamadzulo.

Thirani

Lobelia amabzalidwa poyera mu Meyi, koyambirira kwa Juni. Dothi loamy kapena loams mchenga amasankhidwa. Maluwa ake ayenera kuyatsidwa. Malo omwe mabedi amayenera kusankhidwa kuti mbewuzo zizitha kuyatsa dzuwa, koma pakati pa kutentha kwamasana panali mthunzi pang'ono. Mbande zibzalidwe m'magulu a mbewu 5-10. Mtunda pakati pa tchire ndi 10 cm.