Bonsai - chitani nokha chisamaliro chakunyumba

Bonsai ndichikhalidwe chomwe chimafunikira maluso apadera pakukula mbewu zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera. Pali mitundu ingapo ya bonsai, koma yotchuka kwambiri ndi Benjamini. Iliyonse yosiyanasiyana imafunikira chisamaliro ndikukula. Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, ndiye kuti mutha kupeza mtengo woyambayo ngakhale kuchokera ku ficus.

Mapangidwe a Crona Bonsai

Bonsai ndi mbewu zakunja zomwe zimafuna kudulira mosalekeza. Izi zimawonetsera chidwi komanso kuthekera koongolera kukula. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bonsai.

Bonsai Munda

Momwe mungapangire bonsai nokha (krone):

• Pa mphukira iliyonse sayenera kupitirira masamba 6 amtundu. Mutha kuyamba kuchokera pamwamba, pomwe apa akuchotsa chiwerengero chochuluka cha mphukira zowonjezera.
• Onetsetsani kuti mwadula nthambi zazitali kwambiri, zowuma, zosalala, zowonongeka komanso zopanda utoto.
• Chotsani machitidwe omwe atembenuzidwira kumbali ya kukula kulowera pamtengo.
• Maso amachotsa masamba owonjezera ngati pali malo okhala ndi nthambi zambiri.

Korona Wopanga Zosankha

Mapangidwe a bonsai amakhalanso m'mbali wokongola wa thunthu, nthambi. Izi zitha kuchitika ndi waya. Mphukira ndi thunthu zimakokedwa ndi waya wolimba. Pomwe ikukulira, mawonekedwe a waya amasintha, omwe amawongolera kukula kwa nthambi, komanso mawonekedwe awo. Maluso ndi maola odziwa zambiri amafunikira.

Kusankha kwa mphika

Korona akamakula, gawo lakuthambo lingapangitse mbewu kukula. Zotsatira zake, ma resecrum amasuntha. Mukayamba kusankha poto yolakwika, ndiye kuti mtengowo ungokhalira nthawi kapena mizu idzatseguka.

Momwe mungasankhire mphika wa bonsai:

• Amakonda mapoto apadera opangidwa ndi ma ceramics omwe amapangidwa mwapadera kuti akule bonsai.
• Ngati palibe chikhumbo chofuna kudzala muyezo, pezani mphika wosaya.
• Kukula kwake kuyenera kukhala kosaya, koma lalikulu mulifupi. Izi zimalola kuti mizu ikule mbali zonse.
• Kukhalapo kwa mabowo okwirira kumakhala kofunikira. Amapangidwa kuti azichotsa chinyezi chochulukirapo ndikuwonjezerapo mizu.
• Mutha kugula mmalo wapadera wa bonsai wokhala ndi zofanana ndi mbale yapadera.

Poto wangwiro

Kupadera kwa zotengera izi kumapangidwira pakupanga. Pali zikho zakuyenda bwino zomwe zimakwanira mkatikati mwaukadaulo wamkati. Zina zimapangidwa mu mtundu wa retro, zokumbutsa za mbale yakale. Zotengera zamtundu waku Japan zimapanga kukoma.

Kusankha Kwadothi kwa Indoor Bonsai

Nthaka ya bonsai iyenera kudutsa bwino, koma ikhale yolimba kuti mizu ya mbewu ikhale yolimba. Ngati mukukula bonsai m'munda, chisamaliro cha kunyumba chimakhala chosasinthika.

Dothi la bonsai limakonzedwa palokha. Nthawi yomweyo, zindikirani kuti pa bonsai yamtundu uliwonse amagwiritsa ntchito gawo lawo:

• ma conifers (thuja): Mchenga ndi malo odyera pamtunda wa 2: 3;
• Mitundu ya maluwa: Dziko la turf + humus + mchenga malinga ndi 7: 1: 3;
• mitengo yolimba (juniper): mchenga wa turf + pamlingo wa 7: 3.

Dothi la nkhuni

Pansi pamphika uyenera kukhala ndi danga la zotayira. Kakulumba kokumbika kwakunyanja nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kodi kusamalira bonsai?

Malamulo a Home Care Bonsai

Bonsai - mtengo, chisamaliro chakunyumba chomwe sichovuta, ngati mumamupatsa nthawi yokwanira. Pofuna kuti musayambitse zovuta ndi kukula kwa mtundu uliwonse, koyenera kukhala koyenera ndikusankha malo oyenera ndikukhazikitsa boma lolondola la kutentha.

Kusamalira mitengo

Komwe ungayikemo bonsai

Malo abwino oti chomera chikhale mazenera. Ndikofunika kuganizira:

• Mukakhazikitsa maluwa pazenera lazenera lakumadzulo, ndikofunika kuyiyika kumanja.
• Pazenera lakumwera lomwe lidayikidwa kumanzere.
• Chololedwa chovalacho pa tebulo kapena khofi pafupi ndi zenera, koma chimodzimodzinso ndi pawindo.
• Zomera ziyenera kuzunguliridwa ndi 180 ° malinga ndi kuwala kwawindo 4 pa sabata.
• Muyenera kutsegula zenera kwathunthu, kuchotsa makatani kapena khungu m'masana. M'nyengo yozizira, kuwunikira kowonjezera kochokera ku nyali za fluorescent kumayikidwa.
• Simungathe kuyika chomera pafupi ndi zinthu zomwe zimatentha - ma radiators, nyali za tebulo, malo oyatsira moto.

Kusankha komwe mumakhala ndikofunika kwambiri

Kutentha kwa mpweya

Bonsai, chisamaliro chomwe chimafuna kutentha koyenera, nthawi zambiri imangokhala nyengo yodziwika ndi mtundu wake:

• Miyala yamtunda wochepa kwambiri imalekerera mikhalidwe mchipinda molingana ndi kutentha. Chizindikiro choyenera kwa iwo chingakhale 18-25 ℃ pamwamba pa ziro. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuyiyika m'chipinda chozizira ndi kutentha kwa +15 ℃.
• Mitundu yotentha imatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri m'chilimwe, ndipo nthawi yozizira imayikidwa m'nyumba ndi kutentha kwa +18 ℃.
• Mitundu yodula komanso yolimba (mwachitsanzo, mtengo wa tiyi) M'chilimwe imamvanso ngati ili yotentha. M'nyengo yozizira, maudzu amaluwa amasamukira kuchipinda ndi kutentha kosaposa + 10 ℃.

Kusintha kwa kutentha

Kuthirira

Pakusamalira chomera, mavuto amathirira nthawi zambiri amabuka. Pali zifukwa zingapo. Nthaka yochepa m'miphika kapena m'miphika imatsogolera kuti chinyezi kuchokera kwa iwo chimasunthika, nthaka imagwa. Kuthirira kwambiri (kwambiri) kumapangitsanso mavuto ndi mizu. Ndikofunikira kutsatira boma lomveka lothirira.

Kutsirira ndikofunikira kwa bonsai

Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera zothirira kuti gawo la chomera lisawululidwe. Ikani madzi othirira mwapadera kapangidwe kapenanso kukapanda kuleka.

Thirani maluwa a bonsai kokha ndi madzi osungunuka. Ngati sichoncho, gwiritsani ntchito madzi otetezedwa bwino. Kutentha panthawi yothirira kuyenera kufanana ndi kutentha kwa firiji.

Njira imodzi yothirira

Feteleza

Mutha kubzala mtengo wocheperako pochepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza. Koma kusiya gawo lopanda kuvala pamwamba sikothekanso. Kuthandizira kukula ndi kukula kwa mbewu, zotsatirazi zikutsatiridwa:

• Chapakatikati, pangani feteleza wochepera wa nayitrogeni. Mavalidwe apamwambawa amathandizira kukula.
• M'chilimwe, feteleza wovuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito, yemwe akuphatikizapo nayitrogeni, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous.
• Mu nthawi yophukira, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa potaziyamu-phosphorous.

Feteleza kuti muchite bwino ntchito

Maluwa kapena maluwa opangira zipatso amafunikira mavalidwe ena apamwamba. Zizindikiro za Microclimate ndizofunikira pakukhazikitsa chikhalidwe. Pakawoneka zipatso kapena thumba losunga mazira, feteleza wa potashi umayikidwa.

Kusamalira mizu

Mizu ya mbewu ndiyotetezeka. Makamaka chifukwa cha izi, kukula bonsai kumawoneka ngati kovuta. Kuti mupewe zovuta zachitukuko ndi kukula, muyenera kuchita zonse momwe mungathere kuti muzu ukhale wokhazikika komanso wotetezedwa ku zinthu zoipa.

Zoyenera kuchita:

• Kuti mulimbitse ndikupanga mulch, moss wabzalidwa pamwamba pa mizu.
• Pansi pamizu, mwala nthawi zambiri umayikidwa pozungulira pomwe masamba akutsogolo amapangika pamwamba panthaka.
• Mizu yake ikamakula, amazidulira ndi kufupikitsa. Kuchita izi mphukira zikadali zowonda kwambiri. M'mawonekedwe, mutha kudziwa mosavuta njira yomwe ingachotsedwe.

Kusamalira mizu

Mizu ya bonsai mizu imasungidwa mofananamo.

Thirani

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndikazika mtengo mutatha zaka 2-3. Ndondomeko ikuchitika kumayambiriro kasupe (Marichi-Epulo). Koma Mitundu ina imakonda kubwezeretsa nyengo yanyengo. Mfundo pakusankha chidebe ndi gawo lapansi ndi chimodzimodzi pa nthawi yoyamba kukafika.

Kuyika ndi chinthu chosawoneka bwino koma chofunikira posamalira bonsai

Pogwiritsa ntchito chida chapadera, adadula mizu, atachotsa dothi lochulukirapo kumera. Khazikani chomera muchigawo chatsopano ndipo pang'ono ndikanikizani dothi pafupi ndi thunthu. Kuti muchite bwino pakukhazikika pamizu, mutha kuyika mwala pansi pa thunthu.

Matenda ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda a bonsai kunyumba

Musanakulire bonsai m'chipinda kapena m'munda, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mbewuyo sikukhudzidwa ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Garden bonsai makamaka imafuna kutetezedwa. Indoor bonsai amathanso kuukiridwa.

Tizilombo ndi matenda titha kuvulaza mbewu

Masamba a bonsai achikasu

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha kusinthika kwa masamba ndi chlorosis. Kusamalira chomera kuti masamba asatembenuke chikasu? Njira zake ndi izi:

• onjezerani kuchuluka;
• sinthani magayidwe;
• kupanga zovala zapamwamba panthawi yake;
• tsatirani zokolola pamakoma a korona
• khalani chinyezi chokhazikika.

Ma nsabwe

Nsabwe zazing'ono ndi nsikidzi zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala pansi pa tsamba la platinamu. Amachotsedwa ndi ubweya wa thonje wonyowa mu ammonia, ndipo korona amathiridwa ndi njira yapadera yolimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba.

Anathawa aphid

Mtundu wina wowopsa wa nsabwe za m'masamba, ndewu yomwe imachepetsedwa kuchitira mbewuyo ndi mankhwala amphamvu.

Chotchinga

Mulingo umawululidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa zophuka pamunsi pa muzu komanso panthambi zopyapyala. Mingayo imachotsedwa ndi singano ndikuthira mankhwala ndi tizilombo.

Kachilomboka

Mutha kuzindikiritsa tizilombo mwa kukhalapo kwa mabowo ang'onoang'ono mu kotekisi. Tizilomboti timakhala pansi pa khungwa ndipo timawononga kwambiri mbewuyo. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa nthambi zomwe zakhudzidwa ndikuwaza mbewuyo ndi chinthu chapadera. Nthawi yakula, onjezerani mlingo wa umuna.

Powdery mildew

Zimakhudza masamba, kuwonekera ngati mawonekedwe oyera. Poterepa, masamba a masamba amatha kufa ndikugwa. Ichi ndi matenda a fungal omwe amafunikira mayankho owongolera. Chotsani masamba onse okhudzidwa. Masamba amafafaniza ndi fungicide.

Bonsai - chikhalidwe chaching'ono

Kukula bonsai kunyumba ndi ntchito yopweteka kwambiri yomwe imafunikira maluso ena. Poyambirira, ndikofunikira kupanga malo abwino kuti mbewuyo ikule ndi kutukuka - kupanga kuthirira koyenera, kukhazikitsa boma labwino kutentha ndikusankha malo abwino mnyumbamo. Izi ndizothandiza ngakhale kwa woyambitsa woyamba.