Zifukwa zazikulu zomwe begonias masamba owuma

Begonia ndi chomera. Masamba ake ndi owala, ndipo maluwa ake ndi opepuka. Pali mitundu ingapo ya maluwa. Kutengera malamulo a kuswana kwa begonia, duwa limakondwera ndi mawonekedwe okongola. Komabe, amatha kukhala ndi mavuto. Nkhaniyi ikuyankha funso loti chifukwa chiyani begonia imasiya youma, komanso zovuta zina zomwe zimatha kubzala.

Chifukwa chiyani begonias masamba owuma m'mphepete

Zomwe zimapangitsa masamba kuyanika m'chipinda cha begonia:

• mmera umatha kukonzedwa kuchokera pawindo lotseguka;
• mphezi za dzuwa zimagwera masamba. Amawotcha maluwa pomwe ali pawindo kapena loggia;
• mpweya wouma kwambiri chifukwa cha batire;

Chifukwa chiyani begonia imasiya youma

• feteleza sagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika;
• tizirombo tagunda mmera;
• mikhalidwe yakukula yasintha kwambiri;
• chisamaliro cholakwika, kuphatikiza madzi osavomerezeka.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Matenda ndi tizirombo tosiyanasiyana ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe begonia imazirala. Nthawi zambiri maluwa amayamba kupweteka akakhala ndi dothi lonyowa kwambiri. Matenda ofala kwambiri a begonia (amasiya kuzungulira m'mphepete):

• ufa wowuma. Choyamba pali zokutira yoyera. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi mpweya wonyowa komanso malo opanda mpweya wokwanira. Kenako masambawo amawuma ndi kugwa. Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, sulfate yamkuwa ndi sopo ochapira amagwiritsidwa ntchito;
• imvi. Masamba otuwa amatuluka, omwe amayamba kufota ndi kuvunda, ndipo masamba amatundana ndikuuma. Ndizothekanso kuthana ndi matendawa monga tafotokozera pamwambapa;
• matenda oyamba ndi bakiteriya. Vuto lodziwika bwino ndi kuyang'ana kwa bakiteriya. Choyamba, mawanga odziwika amawoneka, omwe pambuyo pake amapeza mtundu wa bulauni. Maluwa amayamba kuzimiririka. M'pofunika kuchita mankhwalawa ndi mkuwa chloride.

Powdery mildew

Chisamaliro chosayenerera

Kusamalira kosakwanira kwa begonias ndi chifukwa china chowoneka ngati masamba owuma pamasamba. Zomwe zikuluzikulu ndi izi:

• Kusintha kwakuthwa kwazinthu zomwe zikukula. Ambiri amalakwitsa kwambiri kuyika duwa pachikhonde. Mitundu ina siyilekerera kusintha koteroko. Begonia ndi chomera chovuta, ndipo kusintha kwa mikhalidwe kumakhudzanso masamba ake. Maluwa samalekerera pomwe kuwala kwadzuwa kukuwonekera kapena kukayima;
• mpweya wouma kwambiri. Begonia ndi duwa lotentha, kotero malo abwino kwake ndi kutentha kwambiri ndi mpweya wofunda. Mphepo youma imasokoneza masamba. Nthawi zambiri m'manyumba izi zimachitika pamene magetsi amawotcha nthawi yozizira kapena nthawi yotentha kwambiri;
• michere yoperewera. Zomerazo ziyenera kudyetsedwa mbewu zikamachitika. Zimachitika kawiri pamwezi. Musanagule feteleza, ndikofunikira kuganizira mtundu wa duwa. Zodzikongoletsera feteleza wokhathamira wokhala ndi nitrogen yambiri ndizoyenera kwambiri. Ndikwabwino kuphatikiza feteleza wokongoletsa ndi potashi ndi feteleza wa phosphorous;
• dothi lambiri. Ngati dothi silikuyenda bwino, izi zimayambitsa kukokoloka kwamadzi, lomwe begonia silimalola. Masamba amatha kuwuma ndipo mbewuyo imayamba kufota ndikutha.

Masamba amasanduka achikasu

Pali zinthu ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa masamba a begonia kutembenukira chikasu: chisamaliro chosayenera ndi kudwala.

Chifukwa chiyani begonia masamba amasamba achikasu

Matenda

Matenda ndi majeremusi otsatirawa angayambitse chikasu cha masamba:

• madzi owonjezera mumphika. Izi zimayambitsa kuvunda kwamizu. Zophwanya izi pang'onopang'ono zimafalikira mu maluwa onse, zomwe zimayambitsa chikasu ndi kuwola;
• chikasu chimatha chifukwa cha tizirombo monga nsabwe za m'masamba, nthomba, nthata za akangaude. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timagwiritsa ntchito kuthana nawo.

Zolakwika pakuchoka

Masamba amatha kukhala achikasu pazifukwa zotsatirazi zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusamalira chomera:

• Kusintha kwa malo;
• duwa lidakhala mu kukonzekera kwa nthawi yayitali;
• kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha kapena chinyezi;
• atagula, duwa lidasinthidwa nthawi yomweyo, ndichifukwa chake begonia idalandidwa kwambiri;
• mphika wa mulingo wolakwika. Mwambiri mwina ndi yayikulu kwambiri;
• maluwa atabzala, malo osayenera adagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amatha kukhala acidic kapena wolemera;
• madzi adagwera pamasamba.

Masamba amagwa: matenda ndi tizirombo

Masamba a Begonia amatha kugwa chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a downy mildew kapena persporosis - matenda fungal. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tili padziko lapansi. Zimakhala zambiri pamene chinyontho cha dothi ndi mpweya zikuwonjezeka. Matendawa amafalikira mwachangu kwambiri ndipo amatsogolera pakugwa kwa greenery.

Tizilombo ta Begonia ndi tating'onoting'ono. Komabe, zimatha kutsogolera kuti mbewuzo zife. Nayi majeremusi omwe amatsogolera kuzitsamba zotsika:

• wobiriwira moyera. Ichi ndi gulugufe wocheperako 1.5 mm kutalika. Amakhala pamasamba ndikuyamba kuwachulukitsa, kudya zipatso zake. Ndikothekanso kuthetsa kachiromboka pogwiritsa ntchito yankho la sopo wabwinobwino. Ziphuphu zimayenera kutsukidwa ndi manja;
• tsamba ndi ndulu. Mitundu ya masamba imakhazikika pamitengo, masamba ndi masamba, mitundu ya ndulu - pamizu ndi pansi pa tsinde. Nematode ndi mphutsi zomwe ndi zazikulu. Chifukwa cha zochita zawo, mbewuyo imafa. Choyamba, mawanga obiriwira opepuka amawonekera, omwe pambuyo pake amasanduka bulauni ndi kutupa. A nematode ndi bwino kupewa kuposa kumenyana nawo. Nthaka yomwe yobzala mbewu imayenera kuyatsidwa;

Kodi mbawala yoyera imawoneka bwanji?

• sikelo yabodza. Tizilombo tating'onoting'onoyu timabisala mkati mwa mbewu Maluwa amaleka kukula, masamba amasanduka achikasu ndikuwuma. Kuti muthane ndi tizilombo, muyenera kuyeretsa ndi burashi yemwe adalowetsedwa kulowetsedwa ndi adyo. Gawo lokha la chomera lomwe limakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo amalichiritsa;
• kangaude wofiyira. Ngati duwa lakulungidwa mu tsamba loonda, ndiye kuti pali kangaude. Imakhala m'malo otentha komanso otentha. Choyamba, masamba amakhala amaboola, kenako amatembenuka chikasu ndikugwa;
• aphid wowonjezera kutentha. Izi tizilombo kubereka kwambiri. Sabata iliyonse, yazikazi imakhala ndi tizilombo tokwana 100. Amayamwa timadziti. Kuti muthane ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, ndikofunikira kupopera mbewuzo ndi kulowetsedwa kwa fodya;
• wowonjezera kutentha. Zazikulu kwambiri kukula kwake. Masamba amataya mtundu wake, ndipo mbewuyo imayamba kumera. Tambala amatulutsa mikhalidwe yambiri chinyezi komanso kutentha.

Begonia amafota ndi kuwuma: choti achite, njira zodzitetezera

Maluwa akayamba kufa, funso limadzuka choti nkuchita bwanji ngati buluzi wafota ndikuuma. Choyamba muyenera kuchita izi:

• pewani zokopa;
• Dzuwa likayamba kuwala pamsewu, ndikofunikira kupanga mthunzi kapena gawo la mbewuyo. Ndikwabwino kukonzanso chakumadzulo kapena mbali ya kummawa;
• nyowetsani mlengalenga. Izi zimachitika bwino poika chidebe chamadzi pafupi ndi mphika. Komanso, dongo lokwezedwa lingayikidwe mu chikwama;
• mmera uyenera kudyetsedwa masiku 10 aliwonse ndi manyowa amadzimadzi;
• kuthirira duwa liyenera kutetezedwa ndi madzi. Iyenera kuyima kwa pafupifupi tsiku limodzi, makamaka masiku angapo.

Bwanji ngati masamba a begonia agwa? Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli. Mwina mbewuyo ili ndi kachilombo ka matenda, kapena kudwala. Matendawa omwe ali ndi matenda komanso matenda, komanso njira zowathetsera, afotokozedwa pamwambapa.

Begonia ndi mbewu yomwe anthu ambiri amawakonda. Kusamalira iye ndikovuta. Mavuto osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi chikasu komanso kugwa kwa masamba amatha kuoneka. Cholinga cha izi chikhoza kukhala chisamaliro chosayenera kapena mawonekedwe a tizilombo ndi maluwa.