Mitengo y kukula ya mbewu za nasturtium

Munkhaniyi tikufotokozerani momwe mungakulire nasturtium kuchokera ku mbewu ndi nthawi yomwe mudzabzale pa mbande. Koma poyamba, mawu ochepa onena za mbewuyo yomwe.

Nasturtium ndi chomera chokongola cha herbaceous osatha, nthawi zambiri chimakula ngati pachaka. Pafupifupi mitundu 90 ya maluwa idadulidwa; pali tchire lodabwitsa kuyambira 25 mpaka 50 cm wamtali ndi mitundu yambiri; ma liva amakula mpaka 3.5-4 metres. Maluwa a 5-ofanana ndi hood amatha sabata limodzi.

Zosiyanasiyana zamtundu wachikasu, lalanje, nsomba, ofiira, ofiira, achikasu amtundu wamtambo wamtchi amtambo. Ma bus kapena ma creepers amawoneka okongoletsa kwambiri, ma nasturtiums amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga munda ndi mawonekedwe a malo.

Kukula kwa Nasturtium kuchokera ku Mbewu

Kubzala mbewu kumachitika poyera kapena mbande. Nasturtium kapena capuchin blooms masabata 7-8 mutabzala, amasangalala ndi maluwa ambiri. Ogulitsa maluwa amasankha mtundu wa mbewu zomwe zimakula malinga ndi nyengo yam'deralo.

Mabokosi ambewu ya nasturtium ndi akulu, ndiosavuta kubzala pamtunda wofunikira. Zimamera kuyambira masiku 4 mpaka 10. Mizu ya capuchin ndi yosakhwima kwambiri komanso yosalimba, zophukira sizimakonda kutumiza pafupipafupi. Amayenda pansi mosamala kwambiri. Poika mbewu, ndikofunikira kuti zisawononge nsonga, ndizofunikira makamaka kwa mitundu ya liana.

Nasturtium kubzala masiku ndi dera

Mukabzala, gwiritsitsani magawo omwe mungathe kubwezeretsa chisanu.

Kukula kwa capelin pa loggias wonyezimira, makonde, kufesa kumayamba mchaka chachiwiri cha Marichi.

Kalendala ya Lunar 2019

Ambiri amatsogozedwa ndi kalendala yoyendera mwezi, ndikofunikira kubzala mbewu ndikubzala mbande panthaka yabwino masiku a mbewu zamaluwa mu 2019, masiku osavomerezeka akusonyezedwa mabrake:

• Marichi 10, 12, 15 (sizotheka kuyambira 21 mpaka 31);
• Epulo 7, 11, 18 (osafunika kuyambira 1 mpaka 5, kuyambira 20 mpaka 30);
• Meyi 9, 10, 15, 17 (osalimbikitsa kuyambira 1 mpaka 5, kuyambira 19 mpaka 31).

Kukula mbande za nasturtium

Tekinoloje yaulimi wa capuchin ndiyosavuta, maluwa obwera mtsogolo amatsimikizidwa ndi mtundu wa mbande. Iyenera kukhala ndi mizu yamphamvu, yolimba. Chomera chambiri, chokhazikika, chidzadwala kwa nthawi yayitali, maluwa adzachedwetsedwa mpaka sabata. Kwa mbande, osakaniza dothi amakonzedwa kuchokera kumtunda wamchenga, mchenga, peat muyezo wa 1: 1. Mutha kugula zakonzedwa zopangidwa ndi onse kapena tomato. Popewa, nthaka imakhetsedwa ndi yankho la manganese.

Kukonzekeretsa mbewu yofesa

Mbewu zomwe zimatengedwa palokha zimasanjidwa kale, zogulidwa ndizokonzekera kubzala. Anthu ena amakonda kuzimeza pazovala zovunda, pomwe ena amazitseka ndi dothi lonyowa. Pakateteza matenda, njere zimanyowa munjira yapinki ya manganese kapena phulusa la nkhuni (supuni zitatu zimatengedwa pa lita imodzi yamadzi). Mutha kusungira nthongo kwa maola 2-3 pakumera komwe zakonzedwa kunyumba:

• Madzi a Aloe kapena Kalanchoe amathiriridwa mu ma voliyumu 5 am'madzi, masamba omwe adadulidwa kale amasungidwa mufiriji kwa sabata;
• supuni ya tiyi ya uchi imasungunuka mu kapu yamadzi ofunda, kufufuza zinthu, ma amino acid omwe amapezeka mu yankho amadziwikiritsa pakhungu.

Kusankhidwa ndi kukonza zodyera

Nasturtiums obzalidwa m'mapiritsi a peat, muli ma bio-okhala (omanikizidwa humus) kapena miphika; Mbewu ziwiri zimafesedwa mu thanki iliyonse yobzala kuti zitsimikizike. Kusunga zinthu zobzala, mazenera a mazira amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zotsalazo ndizodzaza ndi dothi losakaniza. Pambuyo zikamera, msuzi wa dothi umatengedwa ndi supuni, ndikusamutsira kwina.

Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zikho zamapepala: manyuzipepala akale amapindidwa m'magulu anayi, botolo la ofunikira limakulungidwa mu Mzere wozungulira. M'mphepete mwachindunji papepala pamakhala pepala, limayikidwa mu chidebe cholimba kwambiri kwa wina ndi mnzake, pambuyo pake amadzazidwa ndi dothi losakaniza.

Malangizo ena othandiza:

• mukamagwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi kapena zida za bio, zimanyowetsedwa m'madzi, mauna olimbitsa sachotsedwa, nthaka imatupa mkati mwa maola 2-3;
• musanabzala, makatoni a mazira amadzaza ndi madzi otentha, kenako nkuwuma, zitsulo zapulasitiki ndizosambitsidwa bwino;
• Ndikofunika kuyika ngalande pansi pa mapoto a peat ndi makapu apepala kuti madzi asasunthike mwa iwo.

Kubzala mbande

Kukula kwamaluwa pa khonde, mu loggia, nasturtiums nthawi yomweyo amafesedwa mumipanda momwe adzakhalire mu nthawi ya kukula.

Pobzala m'malo osavomerezeka pezani miphika yaying'ono kapena mapiritsi a peat. Mu malo onsewo mbewu ziwiri zouma kapena chimodzi, zomwe zinali mchikulitsa. M'mapiritsi, ndikofunikira kubzala mbewu ziwiri. Amadziwitsa dothi ndi masentimita 2-3, nthaka imathiridwa pamadzi othirira kapena atanyowa ndi mfuti yothirira. Kuthirira kotereku sikusesa dothi, kubzala zinthu kumakhalapo. Aikeni mu chidebe chachikulu.

Zomera zikafesedwa m'mbale zazikulu, makatoni amtunduwo akagwiritsidwa ntchito, sizingalole kuti mizu isakanikidwe panthawi yomera. Zomera zomwe zikukula, sankhani dzuwa lanyumba.

Kusamalira Mbewu

M'milungu iwiri yoyambirira, mbewu zimafunikira kutentha, zotengera zodzala zimayikidwa pazenera la sill, pomwe kutentha sikuli kutsika kuposa +22 ° C. Pakatha milungu iwiri, nasturtium imayamba kuzolowera nyengo yotentha, ndikuchepetsa kutentha kufika + 18 ° C.

Nasturtium imayatsidwa kuti isatambasule kwambiri, mumdima, kuwonjezera maola akuwala masana mpaka maola 12-15. Ndikofunika kupereka pafupipafupi kuthirira, masiku atatu aliwonse. Madzulo, mphukira imafafaniza kamodzi pa sabata.

Ndikothekera kumera mbande m'mapallet: madzi amathiridwa m'madzi kuti afike kumizu mwachindunji. Mphukira zowonjezera zimachotsedwa pakatha sabata limodzi, ndikusiya mphukira wamphamvu kwambiri mumphika uliwonse kapena piritsi. Kuti mulimbikitse kukula m'madzi kuthirira kuwonjezera mafeteleza amitundu yonse yamaluwa apanyumba, tengani, pazofunikira. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumapangidwanso kuposa kamodzi pa sabata.

Kubzala mbande pansi

Mbewu zikayamba kutalika, ndipo chisanu chikapitilizabe, mapoto ake amatengedwa kupita kumalo osungirako kwakanthawi, komwe kumakhala kozizira kuposa kunyumba. Kukula kwa nasturtium poyera kumachitika pambuyo pausiku kotentha, pomwe kutentha sikunatsike kuposa +8 ° C.

Njira yomwe mizu yake sinawonongeke ikadutsa. Mphika wa peat kapena pepala umang'ambika popanda kuwononga dongo.

Zitsime zimapangidwa 2-3 masentimita kuposa kubzala muli, mbande zimathiridwa ndi nthaka mpaka masamba oyambira, mizu yowonjezera imapangidwa kuchokera pa tsinde. Mtunda pakati pa tchire umachokera 20 mpaka 50 cm, kutengera nasturtium wosiyanasiyana. Maluwa amasinthana ndi nyengo zatsopano. Kuyambira dzuwa lotentha amakhalanso ndi masiku atatu oyambira. Nthaka yomwe ili m'maenje okumbika imalimbikitsidwa kuti itsanulike ndi yankho la manganese kapena phytosporin. Uku ndiko kupewa matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Landings imakhetsedwa bwino ndi madzi ofunda.

Kubzala mbewu za nasturtium panthaka

Ambiri wamaluwa amawona ngati nasturtium ngati zokongoletsera m'munda wa autumn. Mbewu zobzalidwa pafupi ndi maluwa oyambira ochepa komanso tchire, ndi masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Kubzala uku, nasturtium sichingasokoneze kupumula kwa daffodils, irises.

Mbewu zikulimbikitsidwa kuti zibzalidwe m'nthaka nthawi yomweyo, sikofunikira kuti muchepetse nthawi ndi mphamvu pakukula mbande.

Ubwino ndi zovuta zofesa mbewu za nasturtium poyera

Zomera zimamera bwino dothi lokhala ndi madzi osungunuka, kusintha mosavuta usiku wozizira, osapanikizika.

Kusuntha malo obzala usiku, mutha kuwateteza ku frost. Njira yabwino yobzala ndikufesa mabokosi ambewu m'misasa yakanema yochepa, ndikukutira kapena filimu ikakokedwa pazokongoletsa. Zovuta zoyika potseguka:

• M'malo owopsa, mbande zimatha kufa ndi kuzizira pang'ono.
• Ndi mvula yambiri, mizu yaying'ono imatha kuvunda, mbewuyo imayamba kuphuka pambuyo pake.
• Mphukira zazing'ono zimafunikira nthaka yopanda thanzi, sizotheka nthawi zonse kukhazikitsa malo abwino ophukira pachiwembu.

Wofukula aliyense amasankha yekha momwe angadzalidwe nasturtium, zambiri zimatengera nyengo zamaderawo, mawonekedwe a nthaka.

Malangizo pang'onopang'ono pofesa mbewu panthaka

Nasturtium amasangalala ndi maluwa ozizira kwambiri. Maluwa a yophukira, amabzalidwa panthaka. Ndondomeko ya-pang'onopang'ono ikuwoneka motere:

1. Pabedi kapena pamaluwa, dziko limamasulidwa bwino, feteleza ndi phosphorous ndi feteleza wa potaziyamu amawonjezeredwa dothi losowa, mchenga umawonjezeredwa ndi dothi lolemera.
2. Mphepete kapena mabowo amapangidwa motalikirana ndi 20-30 cm 3 cm, kubzala maenje okhetsedwa ndi madzi. Mitundu ya Ampelic imabzalidwe pafupi wina ndi mnzake, mitengo yamtchire imabzalidwa.
3. Mbewu mu mzere zimayikidwa patali 10 cm, mabokosi awiri ambewu amaponyedwa m'dzenje lililonse.
   Maenje obzala adakutidwa ndi dothi lotayirira kapena humus.
4. Landings imakhetsedwa, yolimba ndi filimu. Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti mbande sizikula, kutentha kwakutentha ndi +25 ° C.
5. Pambuyo masiku 4, filimuyo imachotsedwa, yadzalidwa madzi, kumasulidwa, makamaka ngati dothi ndi dongo. Usiku, tikulimbikitsidwa kutenthetsa nkhokwe ndi zofunda. M'masiku ozizira amatha kusiyidwa masana.
6. Akuwombera panja pamawonekera milungu ingapo, masamba oyamba - atatha masiku 40-45.

A Dachnik adalimbikitsa: njira zobzala mbeu za nasturtium za mbande

Kuphatikiza pa njira yachikhalidwe yobzala mbewu za mbande, pali zina zomwe zimakhala zachuma komanso zosavuta. Kukhazikika ndi kuphuka kwa nasturtium mu utuchi wamchewa kumathandizira kutuluka kwa mbande.

Tikugulitsa utuchi

Monga osakaniza kubzala pogwiritsa ntchito utuchi wa mitengo yabwino. Conifers, ma resin okwera.

Zouma bwino, mpweya wokwanira. Kenako chonyowa ndi madzi. Pakukula mbande zapakhomo, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito utuchi wopanikizika womwe umathira kuchimbudzi cha mphaka. Amasunga chinyezi bwino, wadutsa njira yoyeretsera.

Mphedzo zimathiridwa ndimadzi otentha, zilekeni. Simuyenera kuthira madzi ochuluka, osakaniza kubzala azikhala osamasuka. Imathiridwa mumtsuko wokhala ndi makulidwe osaposa masentimita 3.5. Magawo akhalebe osachepera 5 cm .. Izi ndizokwanira nthangala za nasturtium. Siziwanyowa m'maso, isanayikidwe ndi dothi louma pamtunda wa 4 mpaka 6. Lophimba ndi masentimita. Pambuyo pake, chidebecho chimangokhala cholimba ndi filimu ndikutsukidwa m'malo otentha kwa masiku 4-5 - pangani malo otentha. Kuwala kwa dzuwa sikofunikira mbewu, zimamera bwino m'malo amdima. Zinthu zazikulu: chinyezi chachikulu komanso kutentha. Zikatero, kufesa kumaphukira pafupifupi masiku asanu. Kanemayo amachotsedwa, mphukira ndizothira, zimasunthidwa kumalo owala. Pambuyo kuwonekera kwa tsamba lachitatu lathunthu, iwo, popanda kuwononga mizu, amasinthidwa kumiphika ndi dothi. Chomera chaching'ono chimasinthasintha. Mu utuchi wotayirira, mizu siowonongeka, mbande zimachotsedwa mosavuta.

Tikufika mu "nkhono"

Pa kumera kwa mbewu zazikulu nthawi zambiri mumagwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki yowondera komanso pepala la kuchimbudzi. Idzatenga Mzere 10 cm, kutalika kwa "nkhono" kubzala kumatengera chiwerengero cha mbewu. Ndikofunikira kuyika pepala la chimbudzi cha 3-filimu (mungatenge ziwalo wamba). Njira yothandizira epin imagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyowetsa, madontho atatu okha amawonjezeredwa pa lita imodzi yamadzi, ndende iyenera kukhala yotsika. Kudutsa mzere wonse, kuchoka m'mphepete mwa 1, 5 cm, mabokosi ambewu youma a nasturtium amaikidwa patali ndi 4-5 cm. Ndikofunikira kusiya mpaka 15 cm yaulere kumapeto kwa mzere. Imakhalabe kuti ipotole pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kuti mbewu zisayenda kwambiri. Mpukutuwo umakhazikika ndi bandi kapena ulusi. "Nkhono" yomalizidwa imayikidwa mokhazikika mumtsuko ndi madzi ochepa. Kenako zonsezi zimayikidwa mu phukusi kuti apange "malo otentha". Pambuyo mawonekedwe a greenery, filimuyo imachotsedwa, zikumera zimayikidwa m'malo owala. Mphukira yokhala ndi masamba atatu imasinthidwa mchidebe chokhazikika. Pambuyo pobwezeretsa "nkhono" mbewu sizifunikira kugawidwa, mizu yonse imakhalabe yolimba.