Mmodzi mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri yoyambirira, phwetekere Katya F1, adabadwa posachedwa; adawonjezedwa ku State Register ya Russian Federation mu 2007. Anayamba kusangalala mwachangu ndi nzika zadzilimwe, chifukwa cha machitidwe ake apamwamba, kuchuluka, kusachita bwino, komwe kumalola ngakhale alimi osadziwa zambiri kuti achite bwino.
Tomato Katya F1 adapangidwa ndi obereketsa S.V. Balabanyuk ndi Y. B. Alekseev malinga ndi kampani ya mbewu "Semko-Junior".
Zosiyanasiyana ndizoyenera nyengo za kumpoto kwa Caucasus, komanso zimakula bwino m'malo ena a Russian Federation, ndipo kubzala m'malo obiriwira kumathandizanso kuti magawidwewo agawidwe.
Kufotokozera zamtundu wa phwetekere Katya
Katya F1 ndi mitundu yoyambirira-yoyambirira, imodzi yabwino kwambiri. Zipatso zimakhwima masiku 75-80. Kwambiri-ololera - kukolola pa lalikulu mita 10 kg, ndi greenhouse 1.5 zina. Chomera chimakhala chododometsa, mpaka 70 cm wamtali, koma chimafunikira garter, makamaka nthambi zosalimba zokhala ndi masango akuluakulu zipatso.
M'mabrashi mpaka 8 ozungulira, osalala, ofiira ofiira, olemera mpaka 130 g. Amakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino. Mitundu iyi ndi saladi, komanso yabwino kumalongeza, kukoka, kupanga madzi a phwetekere ndi kukonzekera kwina. Nthawi zambiri amadya mwatsopano, chifukwa amapsa msanga pomwe sanasungebe.
Zipatso zonse zimacha nthawi imodzi, ndiye kuti mbewu zazikulu zimakololedwa nthawi yomweyo. Matomawa amasungidwa nthawi yayitali. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchotsa zipatso zosapsa pang'ono kuti zisungidwe ndi mayendedwe ogulitsa - zimacha mwachangu m'masiku ochepa. Mukakolola kwakukulu, tomato wa Katya amabala zipatso, koma kuchuluka kwa thumba losunga mazira kumapangidwa kocheperako.
Tomato Katya pink F1
Ikulowetsedwa mu registry ya State of Russian Federation mu 2017. Ngakhale ali watsopano, wapeza kale mafani ake ambiri. Pankhani ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana, zokolola, njira zolimitsira zaulimi ndi zizindikiro zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, mawonekedwe a phwetekere Katya pink F1 amagwirizana kwathunthu ndi mitundu yayikuluyo.
Amasiyana mu mtundu ndi kakomedwe ka chipatsocho.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa
Tomato wa Katya amadziwika kwambiri m'mabanja ndipo amakonda kwambiri alimi chifukwa cha zokolola zawo zambiri komanso chifukwa cha malonda omwe amalima malonda.
Ubwino wa tomato Katya F1:
- kucha kwambiri;
- kukoma kwambiri kwa haibridi;
- konsekonse kugwiritsa ntchito;
- mitengo yayikulu yakulima wamalonda - kusunga bwino, kuyendetsa;
- zipatso zokongola, musaswe;
- mitundu yambiri yololera;
- kunyansidwa;
- kukana matenda ambiri a phwetekere.
Zoyipa:
- fragility ya zimayambira - ayenera kumangidwa, makamaka mabisiketi ndi zipatso;
- kuwonongeka kwa kuphosis - matendawa amatha kupewedwa mosavuta pakuwona malamulo a tekinoloje (kumasula dothi pafupipafupi, kuthirira pang'ono, kupuma mpweya wabwino m'malo obiriwira), kumwaza ma tchire ndi njira zapadera.
Zambiri za kukula mbande za Katya zosiyanasiyana
Kuti mukule tomato Katya F1, simufunikira kupanga zina zowonjezereka za chisamaliro. Tekinoloji yaulimi ndiyofanana ndi mitundu ina yambiri ya tomato. Popeza uwu ndi wosakanizidwa, chaka chilichonse muyenera kugula mbewu zatsopano, chifukwa zopangidwa kuchokera ku zipatso sizikhala ndi zinthu zofunika.
Nthawi yodzala mbewu
Mukabzala nthanga, zimatsimikiziridwa ndi nyengo ya m'deralo, poganizira kuti mutabzala mbewuzo, mbande zakula kwa miyezi iwiri, kenako zimabzalidwa pamabedi, ndikukula koyamba mwezi umodzi.
M'madera otentha, mbewu zimabzalidwa mbande m'mabokosi kumapeto kwa February. Ndipo nyengo yozizira, ngati palibe wowonjezera kutentha, tchire zobzalidwa poyera koyambirira kwa June. Poterepa, mbewu za mbande zimabzalidwa kumapeto kwa March.
Pali njira inanso. Kubzala mbewu kumachitika poyera (kuphimba ndi filimu) koyambirira kwa Meyi ndikusungidwa kwa mwezi umodzi. Komatu zipatsozo zidzangokhala theka lachiwiri la chilimwe. Poterepa, zoyamba kucha zamtunduwu zimatayika.
Kukonzekera kwa mbewu
Mbeu zomwe zidagulidwa m'sitolo zidakonzedwa kale - simungathe kuziteteza ngati mankhwala kenako kukonzekera kumakhala ndi magawo monga awa:
- caligging - chotsani njere zowonongeka ndi zazing'ono, yang'anani kumera mu saline (zomwe sizinafesedwe, koma kutsalira pansi pa thankiyo ndizoyenera kufesa);
- akuwuluka - kufalitsa mbewuzo pansalu yonyowa kapena chithovu, ndikuphimba ndi kansalu konyowa pamwamba, pamatenga pafupifupi maola 18 kuti atupire, mizu yayitali siyiyenera kuloledwa kutuluka chifukwa ndiyopyapyala;
- Kuumitsa - ikani njere mutanyoweka munthawi yocheperako (mwachitsanzo, pang'onopang'ono pa firiji) kuti zithe kuzolowera nyengo yabwino, pomwe kumera kumera kwa mbeu komanso chimbudzi chamtsogolo.
Zofunikira zadothi
Pokukula mbande, ndibwino kugula dothi lopangidwa ndi tomato, lomwe limakhala lofanana m'zakudya ndi acidity.
Olima ena amakonda kukonza dothi lokha.
Zomwe nthaka zimasakanikirana ndi mbande:
- munda wamunda;
- kompositi
- mchenga;
- peat;
- dolomite ufa kapena phulusa lamatabwa kuti athetse nthaka acidity;
- feteleza wa mchere;
- sphagnum moss nthaka kupumula kwa magawo akhoza kuwonjezeredwa.
Kutambalala
Kubzala mbewu kumachitika nthawi yomweyo mumiphika kapena m'mbale zonyamula m'miyeso yaying'ono:
- Drainage imayikidwa pansi pa makapu kapena muli, ndi dothi lokwana 5cm pamwamba.
- M'mbale, mbewu iliyonse imayalidwa patali ndi masentimita 2-3.
- owazidwa pamwamba padziko lapansi osaposa 2 mm.
- Thirani madzi kuchokera botolo lothira.
- Phimbani ndi kanema kapenagalasi, loikidwa pamalo otentha, owala.
Kusamalira Mbewu
Kuti mupeze mbande zapamwamba, perekani chisamaliro chabwino.
- Chovala chagalasi kuchokera pachiwiya chimatsegulidwa tsiku ndi tsiku kuti mpweya wabwino, ndipo kumera mphukira zimachotsedwa.
- Amasunga kutentha kwambiri, kuwunikira ndi chinyezi m'chipindacho.
- Kudyetsa kumachitika nthawi ndi nthawi.
- Kutsirira pafupipafupi kumaperekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mfuti ya utsi.
- Kusankha kumachitika pambuyo pakuwonekera kwa masamba awiri owona. Mbande zimamwe madzi ambiri, kenako pang'onopang'ono, pogwiritsa ntchito supuni, zimachotsedwa mumtsuko ndikuyika mumphika wokonzekera.
- Zomera zikamera mizu ndi kulimba, zimathiriridwa monga momwe zimagwiritsirira ntchito kuthirira. Madzi sayenera kuloledwa kugwera pamasamba kupewa matenda.
- Kuwala ndizofunikira kwambiri, masana ayenera kukhala osachepera maola 12. Ndi kupanda kwake, ma phytolamp amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kubzala mbande panthaka
Mitundu ya Katya, mabedi azisankhidwa m'malo opunthira kapena a mchenga, dothi liyenera kupuma. Ngati dothi ndi acidic, ndiye kuti zaka zitatu zilizonse muyenera kuwonjezera ufa wa laimu kapena dolomite (300-600 g pa mita imodzi).
Pomwe malowo alibe nthaka yoyenera mabedi, amatha kukonzekera. Mu dothi lolemera limathira mchenga wamtsinje (chidebe 1 pa mita imodzi), kompositi. Mukawonjezera mchenga ndi organic pachaka osachepera zaka 5, dothi limakhala loolekerera.
Nthawi yodzala tomato wa Katya poyera kumatengera dera - kum'mwera ndiko chiyambi cha Meyi, komanso kumpoto kwenikweni kuyambira koyamba mpaka pakati pa Juni. Nthaka itenthe kale ndipo chisanu chikuyenera kubwezeretsedwa.
Mbande zam'maso zimayenera kuumitsidwa. Kuti achite izi, nyengo ikakhala yotentha, amatenga kunja kwa mundawo kwa maola angapo masana ndikuyiyika pang'ono. Izi zimathandizira kwambiri kusintha kwa mbeu m'malo atsopano.
Maenje m'mundamo amapangidwa ndikuwerengera zitsamba 5-6 pa mita imodzi. Amadzala madzi, kenako mbande zimabzalidwa. Zopindika zimayikidwa pang'ono kuposa mulingo momwe anali mumkhomo. Kenako mbewuzo zimathiriridwa madzi ndikuwaza pamwamba panthaka.
Kusamalira Tomato
Kukonzekeretsa mbande ndi gawo loyamba lokonzekera kukolola bwino. Zimafunika mtsogolomo kutsatira malamulo onse posamalira mbewu izi. Ukadaulo woyenera waulimi posamalira mitunduyi umafunika kukwaniritsidwa kwa zinthu zingapo zofunika.
Kuthirira
Mtundu woyambirira-bwino kwambiri umafunika kuthirira pafupipafupi. Chitsime chilichonse chimafunikira madzi okwanira lita imodzi, koma sayenera kuloledwa kulowa m'madzi. Madzi sayenera kugwera pamasamba ndi zipatso. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri ndi m'mawa ndi madzulo.
Kuthirira ndikofunikira kwambiri pakusintha mbande m'malo atsopano, kutentha, maluwa atayamba.
Feteleza
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, tomato amadyetsedwa pakadutsa masiku 10-12 atamuika. Feteleza wachilengedwe ndi mchere amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kwa ma 9 l amadzi, 1/10 ya mullein ndi 20 g ya superphosphate amawonjezeredwa. Njira iyi ndi yokwanira kwa mbewu 10. Zovala ziwiri zotsatirazi zimachitika masabata awiri aliwonse. Ikani feteleza wama mchere.
Stepson
Ndikofunikira kupanga zitsamba molondola. Njirayi ndiyofunika kuchotsa mphukira zochulukirapo kuti zipatso zikule bwino.
Ndikofunika kuti muzichita upangiri m'mawa. Pofuna kudulira lumo kapena mpeni. Siyani nthambi imodzi kapena ziwiri.
Kumasuka
Mtunduwu umakhala wofalikira nthawi zambiri, makamaka m'malo okhala ndi dothi lolemera. Kutsegulira koyamba kumachitika pakatha masabata 1.5 ndikuyika, pambuyo pa milungu iwiri iliyonse. Njirazi zisanachitike, tomato amathiriridwa madzi - mutenga chonyowa ndi dothi lonyowa limakulitsa mizu.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Tomato Katya F1 amalimbana ndi matenda ambiri amtundu wa tomato, kupatula kupuma (zowola zofiirira), zomwe zitha kupewedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mkuwa oxechloride pakupopera. Koma, mwatsoka, zimakonda kuukira tizirombo, monga mbewu zina zam'munda.
Mizu yake amakhudzidwa - chimbalangondo, mphutsi za Meyi kachilomboka, waya. Limbanani nawo pogwiritsa ntchito makina komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera za poizoni, zomwe zimawonjezedwa kuzitsime mukadzala.
Zigawo zowonongeka zimasokoneza nsabwe za m'masamba, zovala zamtambo, mbozi za scoops. Kuti muthane nawo, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi mayankho a mankhwala apadera (Actara) kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala anati: kuyeretsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito phwetekere Katya
Chifukwa cha zokolola komanso kusasamala, phwetekere zosiyanasiyana Katya amasangalala ndi zipatso zambiri zokoma za tomato ngakhale osadziwa bwino zamaluwa. Popeza gawo lalikulu la mbewu limacha nthawi yomweyo, ndibwino kusamalira kusungiratu pasadakhale.
Mwa saladi zatsopano, tomato ena amatsalira pamtchire mpaka atakhwima kwathunthu. Kuti mudzipatse nokha tomato watsopano kwanthawi yayitali, ndibwino kuti muchepetse gawo lina la zipatsozo osapsa zipatso - zipsa ndikuzisungidwa kwanthawi yayitali.
Ubweya wa tomato Katya F1 ndi wandiweyani, peelyo sakusweka, chifukwa ndi yabwino kuteteza. Kukolola kumakololedwa pomwe tomato ali kale, koma mwamphamvu, osapsa.
