Daylily (krasnodnev, hemerokalis) ndi herbaceous osatha a banja la Xanthorrhoeae.
Malo ogawa - madera akumwera kwa Europe, Mongolia, China. Amadziwika pachikhalidwe chopitilira zaka zana limodzi.
Kufotokozera kwamasana, chithunzi
Chomera chimakhala ndi mizu ya fibrous, pamakhala mizu yooneka ngati zingwe mbali. Msipa kutalika mpaka 1 m.
Masamba ake ndi okwera, m'mphepete amapindika pang'ono, osalala. Mtundu - wobiriwira wakuda. Chochokera ku malo oyambira.
Mitengo yayikulu ya beige, pinki kapena yofiyira (pa peduncle imodzi mpaka 20 zidutswa), mawonekedwe - a tubular kapena olimbitsa. Saluwa nthawi imodzi. Kutalika kwa maluwa ndi miyezi 1-2.5.
Chipatsocho chimakhala ndi cholembela chakuzunguliridwa chomwenso chili ndi mbewu zakuda zingapo.
Mitundu ya daylily
Pazomera zamaluwa, mitundu yachilengedwe yofala imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, chifukwa imawoneka bwino komanso ndizofunikira pazosamalira.
Mitundu yazomera monga izi:
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Maluwa | Nthawi ya maluwa |
| Malalanje | Yotsegulidwa mu 1890. Masamba ake ndi olimba, obiriwira okwanira, pafupifupi 3 cm. Thunthu limakula mpaka 1 m. Palibe fungo. | Asymmetrical, m'mimba mwake masamba afika masentimita 12. Mtundu - ofiira, ofiira - lalanje. | Julayi |
| Mthunzi wa mandimu | Kwawo ndi chigawo chapakati cha China. Amamasuka usiku ndikuwoneka ngati kakombo. Shrub mpaka 90 cm. Fungo lokoma lolemera. | Chikasu, peduncle imakhala ndi kutalika pafupifupi 14 cm. | Pakati pa Julayi - kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. Kutalika - pafupifupi masiku 40. |
| Dumortier (Dzombe la Wolf) | Yoyamba kufotokozedwa mu 1830. Kwawo - Kumpoto ndi Kumpoto kwa China. Shrub yaying'ono yomwe imakula mpaka masentimita 70. Masamba amakhala obiriwira, mpaka 2,5 cm. | Solar. Masamba amakhala ndi mainchesi mpaka 5 cm. | Julayi |
Zosiyanasiyana za daylily ndi zithunzi, mayina ndi kufotokoza
Mitundu ndi mitundu yamtundu wa masana opangidwa ndi obereketsa amafunikiranso chisamaliro chapadera:
| Onani | Zosiyanasiyana | Maluwa |
| Zophatikiza (munda) | Amawerengetsa oposa 60,000. | Maonekedwe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mithunzi ya lalanje kapena yachikasu imapambana. |
| Terry (Gulu Lachiwiri) | Kyuti | Mtunduwu ndi chartreuse, m'mimba mwake mwa masamba mpaka 10 cm. |
| Loto | Apurikoti, pakati ndi lalanje. Kutalika kwa masamba mpaka 12 cm. | |
| Wachifumu wofiyira | Burgundy, ndi mawonekedwe oyambilira - miyala yayikulu yakunja, yaying'ono mkati, yopangidwa mu rosette ya zingwe. | |
| Monga kangaude (kangaude) | Helix | Masamba obiriwira obiriwira okhala ndi rasipiberi wakuda. |
| Zida Tu Haven | Mtundu ndi wofiira wa lilac, khosi ndilobiriwira chikasu. | |
| Kuthawa kwaulere | Chachikulu, mtundu wake ndi wachikasu wa kirimu, pakati ndi wofiira. | |
| Zonunkhira | Apple kasupe | Pinki wopepuka, wokhala ndi malire achikasu achikasu pozungulira konse konse. Pawiri, masamba amafika masentimita 15. Mu peduncle, masamba 28. |
| Ode ku chikhulupiriro | Chikasu chowala ndi utoto wonyezimira pakati, khosi limakhala lobiriwira. Diamilo pafupifupi 15 cm. | |
| Stella de Oro (wodabwitsa, wophatikizidwa m'mitundu yamaluwa yonse yotentha) | Chojambulidwa ndi mawonekedwe, mtundu - wachikaso chakuda. Kutalika kwa masamba mpaka 7 cm. | |
| Choyera | Apple Blossom White | Choyera, m'mphepete mwake mumakhala kukokana kwa mtundu wachikaso. |
| Wokongoletsedwa zikopa | Choyera kirimu, khosi - chikasu. Kutalika kwa masamba mpaka 13 cm. | |
| Agogo aakazi a Smith | Choyera, chokhala ndi makongoletsedwe obiriwira. |
Zosiyanasiyana zamasiku masana zikutuluka chilimwe chonse: Stella de Oro, Frans Hals, Maswiti a Strawberry. Mwa mitundu yamakono yamakono yosiyanitsa Voroshilova Anna Borisovna (wobiriwira-wobiriwira), yemwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokongoletsa mitengo ya loggias, makonde, minda yozizira.
Daylily: Kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera
Nthawi yodzala maluwa amasankhidwa chifukwa cha nyengo, osachepera milungu 4 amayikidwa kuti azika mizu.
Mukamabereka tsiku ndi tsiku ku Middle East, nthawi yayitali ndi Meyi-Ogasiti.
- Zinthu zobzala zomwe zagulidwa m'sitolo zimamizidwa kwa maola angapo m'malo okhala chinyezi kapena feteleza wina aliyense. Izi zimathandizira kukonzanso mizu, olimba amasankhidwa kuchokera kwa iwo ndikufupikitsidwa mpaka 20-30 cm.
- Pamtengo uliwonse, dzenje lobzala limakonzedwa, ndipo lakuya pafupifupi 30 cm ndi mtunda pakati pa tchire masentimita 60, popeza limakula msanga. Kusakaniza kwa peat, humus, mchenga umathiridwa mu mabowo aliwonse (otengedwa chimodzimodzi), kenako feteleza wa phosphorous-potaziyamu amawonjezeredwa.
- Chomera chimayikidwa mu dzenje ndikuwongola mizu mosamala, onetsetsani kuti palibe kanthu. Zitsime zili pafupi kudzaza dziko lapansi. Gwira chakumaso ndi dzanja lako, dothi limathiriridwa ndi madzi, kukongoletsa ndikubwereza chochitikacho mpaka ngalandeyo itadzaza.
- Nthawi yodzala, ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuti khosi la mizu silinakhazikike kupitirira 2-3 cm, apo ayi mavuto amakula ndikukula.
Kudera limodzi, shrub imatha kukula mpaka zaka 15, koma pakupita nthawi, maonekedwe a maluwawo akuipiraipira, kenako ndikuwonjezera:
- mbewu imakumbidwa pambali pake;
- kuchotsedwa mosamala ndi dothi;
- chizimba chimatsukidwa posamba, kenako ndikugawika magawo;
- obzalidwa patsamba latsopanolo pansi pamitambo nyengo, idaphwetsa ndikuchotsa madera onse owonongeka.
Kusamalira ana
Malinga ndi malamulo obzala ndi kusamalira poyera, zipatso zake zimasangalatsa maluwa ake kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kuti zitheke mwanjira imeneyi, nthaka yosaloledwa kapena ya acidy pang'ono imasankhidwira mbewu. Nthawi zina, nthaka za asidi kapena zamchere zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndikuwonjezera mandimu. Zokonda zimaperekedwa m'nthaka yachonde. Madera osalala siabwino, chifukwa amachulukitsa chinyezi komanso kuwonongeka kwa mpweya. Tsambali limasankhidwa dzuwa, lili ndi zotsatira zabwino zamaluwa.
Mtengowo ndiwosakanikirana, motero umathiriridwa kamodzi pa sabata.
Patulani maluwa kawiri pachaka:
- Mu Epulo. Ikani zowuma zowonjezera mchere, kenako zimathirira nthaka mosamala.
- 20-30 patatha masiku maluwa. Gwiritsani ntchito zinthu za phosphorous-potaziyamu zomwe zimakulitsa kuyika kwa maluwa.
Kufalitsa kwanyengo
Chomera chimafalitsidwa pogawa chitsamba. Nthawi yoyenera ndiyoti ikusintha, mu Ogasiti. Amagwiritsanso ntchito njere, koma ndi njira iyi, maluwawo amataya umwini wawo (njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi obereketsa).
Tchire litakhala ndi zaka 3-4, limafalikira ndikusiyanitsa zigawo za mwana wamkazi ndi mizu. Kuti muchite izi, tengani fosholo pansi ndikuyiyika m'malo mwa kudula kwina. Kenako amalimbira chida ndi phazi ndikudula gawo lofunikira, lomwe limadulidwira pansi ndikuchotsa pansi. M'malo ovulazidwa ndimakutidwa ndi makala kapena makala phulusa. Nthawi yoyenera ndi kasupe kapena nthawi yophukira.
A Dachnik adalangiza: nkhondo yolimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo
Daylily ndi chomera cholimbana ndi zinthu zakunja ndi kusintha kwa nyengo, koma nthawi zambiri chimayambukiridwa ndi tizirombo ndi matenda:
| Zizindikiro | Zifukwa | Njira zoyesera |
| Kuwonongeka kwakuthwa mwa mbewu, masamba amasintha chikaso ndikuwonekera. | Kuwonetsedwa ku bacteria kapena ma virus. | Chomeracho chimakumbidwa ndikuchotsa pamalowo. |
| Kuwaza pamatumbo ndi mbewu. Wamva fumbi losalala. | Mafangayi. | Zitsamba zowonongeka kwambiri zimachotsedwa panthaka ndikuzichotsa. Zomera zomwe zatsala zimathandizidwa ndi madzi a sopo, madera omwe akhudzidwawo amachotsedwa, ndikuzikhomera kumalo atsopano. |
| Mikwingwirima yachikasu pa masamba. | Mzere wazomera. | Kuchita ndi fungicide iliyonse. |
| Masamba achikasu ndi achikasu. Kukula pang'ono, masamba akugwa. | Dzimbiri. | Utsi ndi yankho la adyo. Ndi zowonongeka kwambiri, fungicides osiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati ndi kotheka, chitsamba chija chimasungidwa kutali ndi patrinia. |
| Kuuma kwa tsinde, kudetsa muzu wa khosi. | Fusarium | Kukonzedwa ndi njira monga Benomil, Carbendazim. Fitosporin-M imawonjezeredwa ndi madzi othirira. |
| Chikasu ndi kufa masamba, kufewetsa mizu khosi, fungo linalake. | Mizu ya khosi mizu. | Amakumba chitsamba, kutsuka chikwanje pansi pamadzi othamanga, ndikuyika mu njira yolimba ya potaziyamu permanganate kwa mphindi 15-20, ndikuwuma. Kuyika kumalo atsopano. |
| Kupukutika masamba, mawonekedwe a mphutsi zoyera mwa iwo. | Mchawi. | Masamba owonongeka ndi opunduka amachotsedwa, tizirombo amatengedwa pamanja. |
| Kukongoletsa kwa masamba, kugwa masamba. | Zopatsa. | Konzani njira yothirira. Chomera chimathandizidwa ndi yankho la sokosi. Ndi zowonongeka kwambiri, duwa limakumbidwa ndikuwotchedwa. |
| Kusintha kwa masamba. | Ma nsabwe, aulesi. | Zitsamba zothira mafuta ndi Actellik. Ma slgs amakolola ndi dzanja. |
| Kuwonongeka kwa mizu, kufota. | Ma voles amadzi. | Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo polimbana ndi makoswe a m'munda. |
Ndi kudziwidwa kwakanthawi kwa matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, makamaka makamaka nthawi yozizira yochizira, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri popanga mawonekedwe. Zitsamba zokongoletsera minda ndi maluwa.
