Pyrethrum (Persian kapena Dalmatia chamomile) ndi herbaceous osatha a banja la Asteraceae. Dera logawa - Eurasia ndi zigawo zakumpoto kwa America.
Kufotokozera kwa feverfew
Shrub wokhala ndi finya chotupa, mtundu wamtundu waudzu, wowongoka, kutalika kwa masentimita 50 mpaka 70. Masamba ake ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ndi nthenga, amtundu wobiriwira wonyezimira.
Inflorescence mu mawonekedwe mabasiketi okhala ndi mulifupi wa 3 mpaka 6 masentimita, pamakhala amiyala apakati komanso opyapyala pakati. Mipira yamtundu kapena bango. Utoto kuchokera oyera mpaka lilac.
Nthawi ya maluwa - kuyambira koyambirira kwa Juni mpaka Julayi. Mbewu zikakhwima zimakhala ndi zaka zitatu zamera.
Mitundu ya feverfew: girlish, pinki ndi ena
Chiwerengero chotsimikizika cha mitundu ya pyrethrum sichinakhazikitsidwe, koma pali mitundu ingapo yomwe ndiyoyenera kukula pakhomo:
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Maluwa | Nthawi ya maluwa |
| Konzani | Chitsamba chosatha kuchokera kum'mwera kwa Europe. Yabwanyidwa, imafikira masentimita 50. Masamba ake amakhala obiriwira, nthawi zina amakhala ndi maluwa achikasu. | Basket-inflorescences, m'mimba mwake pafupifupi masentimita 4. Ndi wamba komanso terry. Zoyera ndi zachikaso. | Kuyamba kwa Julayi - kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. |
| Pinki | Kukula kosatha ku Caucasus. Amakula ngati mtundu wa zaka ziwiri kapena pachaka. Tsinde ndi lamtunda, komanso kutalika kwa masentimita 70. Kuphatikizidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mitundu yosakanizidwa. | Tubular kapena bango, chikasu chowala kapena pinki. Ma Budu awiri mpaka 12 cm. | Mid Juni - kumapeto kwa Julayi. |
| Chotchinga | Osowa, kwawo - Kum'mawa kwa Europe, Caucasus. Thunthu lake ndi lowongoka, limafikira mita 1. masamba azitali pafupifupi 40 cm. | Ma inflorescence ndi corymbose, otayirira. Reed kapena tubular, chikasu kapena choyera. | Juni - Julayi. |
| Tsamba lalikulu | Zomera zosatha kukula mpaka 1.5 m. | Zochepa, zopangidwa mu corymbose inflorescence. Choyera, pakati pa chilimwe, chimakhala chofiyira. | Mapeto a Meyi - pakati pa Julayi. |
Ndipo chifukwa cha ntchito zambiri za obereketsa, mitundu ingapo ya feverfew inapezekanso:
| Zosiyanasiyana | Kufotokozera | Maluwa | Nthawi ya maluwa |
| Wodzikongoletsa | Wosakanizidwa wokhala ndi thunthu lowongoka pafupifupi 80 cm. | Bango ndi tubular, ofiira owala kapena achikasu. | Kuyambira Julayi mpaka Ogasiti. |
| Giants robinson | Mtundu wamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pinki feverfew ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka ya mbewuyi. Thunthu lake ndi lowongoka, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 80. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwira gulu, kuchotsera, komanso kudula. | Reed. Mtundu - pinki kapena carmine. | Mid June - theka lachiwiri la Julayi. |
| Mpira wagolide | Chojambulidwa ku feverfew ya atsikana, chimatanthauzira mitundu yokongoletsera. Osatha, koma m'gawo la Russia chakula chaka chilichonse. Amakula mpaka 25 cm. | Terry, khalani ndi mawonekedwe a mpira. Mtundu wachikaso wowala. | Juni-Julayi. |
| Bango la Troubadour. | Mtundu wa pinki feverfew. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito zokongoletsera maluwa. | Mtundu - kuchokera oyera mpaka ofiira. | Chaka chotsatira kufesa (pakati pa Juni). |
| Star nyenyezi | Zomera zosatha mpaka 80cm. | Tubular (chikasu) kapena bango (ofiira). | Pakati pa Juni - Julayi. |
| Chisoni | Mtundu wamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pinki feverfew, wokhala ndi thunthu la 70 cm. | Terry. Mtundu - wachikasu kapena wofiyira. | Pakati pa Juni - Ogasiti. |
Kukula kwa pyrethrum kwa mbewu
Persian kapena Dalmatia chamomile (dzina lina la pyrethrum) limafalitsidwa bwino ndi njira ya mbeu. Koma ndi kuchepetsedwa uku, mtundu wa masamba atha kukhala wosadziwika.
Mutha kulima njenjete pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirazi:
- kubzala pa mbande;
- mwachindunji ikamatera panja.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mbande, njere zimabzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika, kenako mu Meyi mbande zayikidwa kale pamalo omaliza okulima. Popeza izi zobzala ndizochepa kwambiri, akatswiri amalangizidwa kuti azisakaniza ndi mchenga, kenako ndikuwaza ndi dothi pang'ono. Miphika ya mmera yokutidwa ndi kanema kuti ipange greenhouse. Kuwombera kumachitika sabata limodzi.
Pambuyo pakuwoneka masamba atatu owona, mbande zimasinthidwa kukhala miphika yosiyana. Pakati pa mwezi, perekani kutentha kwa +20 ° C.
Potseguka, mbewu zobzalidwa mu Meyi-June. Zikaphukira, mbande zimayikidwa kotero kuti kusiyana pakati pawo kuli pafupifupi 20 cm.
Pyrethrum ikamatera
Kubzala mbewu kapena mbande pansi ndikulimbikitsidwa kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, pomwe vuto la chisanu likazimiririka.
Amakonda madera okhala ndi mawonekedwe owala bwino, ngakhale abambo achi Persia amakhala omasuka ngakhale pang'ono. Ndi wopanda kuwala, mitengo ikuluikuluyo imadutsidwa, motero amachepetsa kuchuluka ndi kutalika kwa maluwa.
Maluwa sakukhudzika ndi dothi, koma amalimbikitsidwa kuti ayimitse nthaka posankha, chifukwa Dalmatia chamomile simalola madzi kuzimiririka. M'dothi lokhala ndi acidic, phulusa kapena laimu limawonjezeredwa.
Chisamaliro cha Pyrethrum
Pyrethrum ndichomera chomwe chimagwirizana kwambiri ndi nyengo youma, motero chimathiriridwa ndi kutentha kwambiri komwe kumakhala milungu ingapo, pomwe masamba ake amatayika, ndikuthothoka nthaka. Chamomile imafuna madzi ambiri kokha nthawi yamaluwa.
Mutabzala maluwa, dothi limayatsidwa ndi peat ndi udzu wosankhidwa bwino. Izi zimalepheretsa mapangidwe kutumphuka madzi atawonjezeredwa; udzu wamasamba suvutitsa.
Feteleza ndi kudyetsa feverfew
Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitidwa kawiri kapena katatu pachaka. Maluwa amayankha bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mullein.
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, dothi lisanayambe nyengo yamaluwa. Masamba akangotuluka, amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yovuta ya mchere.
Kumapeto kwa nyengo ya masika-chilimwe, kuthiriridwa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa udzu wosenga bwino.
Kubwezeretsa feverfew
Kuphatikiza pa kubzala mbewu, chomeracho chimafalitsidwa pogawa zitsamba ndi kudula.
Kutulutsa koyamba kwa pyrethrum dilution kumachitika kamodzi pakatha zaka 3-4, pofika nthawi imeneyi duwa limakulitsa machitidwe ake ofananira nawo. Kuti muchite izi, chitsamba chimachotsedwa mu dothi, chotsani dothi lochulukirapo. Gawoli umachitika pamanja. Zomwe zimapangidwazo ziyenera kukhala zazikulu, zimayikidwa mumabowo ndikuthirira madzi ambiri.
Zodula zimapezeka kuchokera ku njira zoyambira zazing'ono, kuyambira kumapeto kwa kumapeto kwa August. Kenako amatengedwa kupita ku michere ndi dothi louma kuti lizike mizu, chidebe chimayikidwa mthunzi. Dziko lapansi limakhala lonyowa nthawi zonse, ndipo kuti muchepetse kuchepa kwa madzi, njira zake zimakutidwa ndi filimu. Mpweya ndikuthilira tsiku ndi tsiku. Mizu imachitika kuyambira masiku 14 mpaka 21. Kenako anyamula kupita naye kumunda.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta feverfew
Pamene mankhusu amakula, amagwidwa ndi tizilombo komanso matenda:
| Zizindikiro (zotsatira za masamba) | Matenda / tizilombo | Njira zoyesera |
| Fumbi losalala la imvi, kusinthika kwa thunthu. | Fusarium | Maluwa omwe amakhudzidwa amachotsedwa pansi ndikuwotchedwa. Tsamba lomwe mbewuyo idakuliramo imathandizidwa ndi fungic iliyonse. |
| Ma Holes. | Slug. | Kutoleredwa ndi dzanja. Konzani boma la ulimi wothirira, kuti madzi asasokonekere. |
| Kuuma, kuyera kwamaso. | Zopatsa. | Chomera chimachotsedwa mu nthaka ndikuchotsedwera kunja, dothi limathiridwa manyowa ndi fungicic system. |
| Chikaso. | Ma nsabwe. | Ndi zowonongeka kwambiri, pyrethrum imachotsedwa mu dothi ndikuchotsa pamalowo. Ndi tizirombo tating'ono, chitsamba chimachiritsidwa ndi Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (Actellik, Aktara kapena Biotlin). Zochitazo zimabwerezedwa kawiri kawiri. |
A Dachnik adalangiza: feverfew pamapangidwe apangidwe
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazilala zamtundu wamatumba kuti azitha kuluka. Pankhaniyi, zitsamba kudula mpaka kutalika ndi kupewa mapangidwe masamba.
Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kukongoletsa malire. Mitundu yowala imawonjezera mawonekedwe a rabatok ndi mixborder.
Chitsamba ichi chimawonedwa ngati choyenera kwambiri pokongoletsa mundawo m'njira yamtundu. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndikuti duwa limawoneka lalikulu ndipo limamera mizu pafupi ndi zokongoletsera.
Duwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokongoletsera za loggias ndi malo otetezera. Ndi yoyenera kupanga maluwa.
Zothandiza zimatha kutentha feverfew
M'masiku akale, Dalmatia chamomile anali kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kutentha, kuchotsa kutupa ndi kupweteka m'mutu. Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti duwa ili ndi zinthu zofanana ndi aspirin.
Mu 1980s, asayansi adazindikira kuti feverfew ndi chinthu chothandiza polimbana ndi migraine. Amati ufa wa mbewuyi umamasuka msanga komanso mwamphamvu kuposa mankhwala okwera mtengo. Izi zidachitika chifukwa chakuti duwa limakhala ndi parthenolide, lomwe limathandiza kuthana ndi kapangidwe ka serotonin. Ndipo, monga mukudziwa, zochulukazo ndizomwe zimapangidwa mu ma cell a ubongo ndi zombo zimadziwika kuti ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale migraine.
Kuphatikiza apo, Dalmatia chamomile imalepheretsa kupanga histamine, imalepheretsa mapangidwe amitsempha yamagazi m'mitsempha yamagazi, ndipo imakhala ndi antimicrobial and anti-allergenic katundu. Ma pulojekiti okhudzana ndi nyamakazi ndi rheumatism amapangidwa kuchokera ku masamba, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mphumu komanso kuthetsa ululu panthawi ya msambo.
Kuphatikiza ndimankhwala, feverfew imathetsa mawonekedwe awonetsero a dermatitis ndi psoriasis.
Chomerachi chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka komanso mankhwala, omwe amakopa ambiri wamaluwa. Malingaliro a maluwa nthawi zambiri amagulitsa ana ang'onoang'ono ndi ziwengo, limodzi ndi totupa.
