Crassula: kufotokozera, mitundu, chisamaliro chanyumba

Crassula ndiwokoma kuchokera ku banja la Crassulaceae, lomwe limaphatikizapo mitundu 300-500 kuchokera kumagulu osiyanasiyana. Malo omwe mbewuyi idabadwira ndi Africa, Madagascar. Itha kupezeka pa Chigawo cha Arabia. Mitundu yambiri imamera bwino mu nyumba.

Kufotokozera kwa Crassula

Mitundu ina ndi yamadzi kapena udzu. Zina ndi zitsamba ngati mitengo. Amakhala ndi chinthu chodziwika bwino: patsinde, masamba amakhala ndi minofu, yolongosoka. Mbale zake ndizopanda malire komanso ndizosavuta; Ma inflorescence ndi apical kapena ofananira nawo, cystiform kapena ambulera-panicrate. Maluwa ake ndi achikasu, ofiira, oyera ngati matalala, abuluu, wotuwa. Sichimasamba kwambiri mchipinda.

Mitundu ya Krassula

Mitundu yotsatirayi ndiyotchuka:

Gululi	Onani	Zimayambira / masamba / maluwa
Wonga mtengo	Ovata	Wotalika masentimita 60-100. Wophatikizika, wokhala ndi nthambi zambiri. Popanda kudula, ellipsoid. Wofiirira nthawi zonse, wowoneka bwino, ofiira kuzungulira m'mphepete ndi mkati. Wamng'ono, wotuwa pinki, mawonekedwe a nyenyezi.
	Portulakova	Kusintha kwa mitundu yam'mbuyomu. Kusiyana kokhako: mizu yopepuka, yampweya pa tsinde, ikuchita mdima pakapita nthawi.
	Siliva	Zofanana ndi Owata. Kusiyanitsa: mabulangete owala ndi mchenga wonenepa.
	Wamng'ono	Wamanyazi, wobiriwira, wokometsedwa nthawi yayitali. Ang'ono, obiriwira amdima okhala ndi mawonekedwe ofiira, oval. Zing'onozing'ono, zoyera ngati chipale.
	Nkhope	Zosiyana kuchokera ku Ovata: masamba ndi okulirapo. Mapeto akuwonetsedwa, kukwezedwa, konsekonse kumapindika.
	Tricolor ndi Solana (Oblikva hybrids)	Zoyipitsidwa, zokutidwa ndi nthambi. Monga mwa mitundu yoyambirira, koma Tricolor wokhala ndi mizere yoyera chipale pama mbale anakonza mosalinganika, ndi Solana wachikasu. Ang'ono, oyera.
	Milky	Mpaka 0.6 m. Chachikulu, ndi zoyera zoyera. Choyera ngati chipale, chokhazikika m'matumba ankhwawa.
	Gollum ndi Hobbit (kusakaniza kwa Ovata ndi Milky)	Kufikira 1 mita, kuthamanga kwambiri. Hobbit anatembenukira kunja, anasambira pansi mpaka pakati. Ku Gollum adakulungidwa mu chubu, kumapeto kwawo kumakulitsidwa ngati mawonekedwe a funnel. Zochepa, zowala.
	Dzuwa	Wolemekezeka. Green, yokhala ndi mizere yachikaso kapena yoyera, malire ofiira. Amasunga utoto wawo pazowunikira zabwino, zomwe zimatha kupangidwa kokha m'malo obiriwira. Nyumbayo imakhala mtundu wobiriwira wabwino. Choyera, cha pinki, chamtambo, chofiyira.
	Wonga mtengo	Mpaka 1.5 m. Yakuthwa, yamaso amtundu wokhala ndi malire ofiira, nthawi zambiri yokutidwa ndi madontho akuda. Zing'onozing'ono, zoyera ngati chipale.
Chophimba pansi	Kuyandama	Kufikira masentimita 25. Kuzungulira tsinde lapakati pamamera tinthu tating'onoting'ono tambiri, tambiri ndi tating'ono. Woonda, womaliza wakuthwa, wopindidwa mizere inayi. Kwathu, kakang'ono, mwa mawonekedwe a nyenyezi zoyera.
	Zabodza	Mosiyana ndi malingaliro am'mbuyomu: zimayambira zokhota, masamba osakanikirana osasunthika, siliva, wachikaso.
	Chibetete	Ali ndi mizu yofiirira. Wamanyazi, wowoneka ngati wopindika. Oyeretsa, osayerekezeka.
	Malo	Zoyala, zopangira nthambi kwambiri. Chokula ngati chomera cha ampel (chomangirira mitengo). Zobiriwira, zakunja kunja ndi mawanga ofiira, mkatikati ndi lilac. Transilia ya cilia imapezeka m'mphepete mwa mtunda. Ang'ono, opanga nyenyezi.
	Chotuluka	Grassy, yochulukitsa nthambi, mpaka 1 m. Ndi malekezero okhala ndi mano komanso mano m'mbali mwake. Mpheto zamitundu mitundu. Choyera kapena beige.
	Malowo (ozungulira)	Grassy, kwambiri nthambi. Wamanyazi, wobiriwira wopepuka, wokhala ndi malekezero akuthwa a utoto wofiira. Zophatikizidwa m'makatani ofanana ndi maluwa. Panyumba, yoyera.
Zonga-zonga	Punch	Zochepa-nthambi, zolimba, mpaka 20 cm. Rhomboid, wophatikizidwa, anakonzekereratu. Tizilomboti timaduladula, tazindikira kuti pali phesi. Zing'onozing'ono, zoyera ngati chipale.
	Variegate	Zimayambira ndi maluwa monga mitundu yapita. Chikasu chowala pakatikati kapena pamphepete. Pomwe akukula. Choyera, pamwamba pa mphukira.
	Gulu	Grassy, yopyapyala, yopanda nthambi kwambiri. Yokulungidwa, yaying'ono, yosalala komanso yosalala. Bluu wobiriwira, wokhala ndi cilia kuzungulira m'mphepete. Chipale chofiyira, chaching'ono, chophatikizidwa mu inflorescence yapical.
	Thanthwe la mphanga	Zokwawa kapena zowongoka. Grassy, olemekezeka kwakanthawi. Wandiweyani, wosalala, ovoid kapena rhomboid. Wolembeka kapena woyikidwa modutsa. Mbalezo ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira ndi mzere wowongoka kapena wolimba wa m'mphepete. Wapinki kapena wachikasu, womwe umasonkhanitsidwa mumapangidwe wozungulira ma ambulera.
	Cooper	Kufikira 15 cm. Obiriwira obiriwira, okhala ndi mawanga bulauni, osanjidwa bwino. Mapeto akuwonetsedwa, ndi malo abwino apakati. M'mphepete mulibe cilia. Oyeretsa kapena ofiira, ochepa.
	Temple Buddha	Zowoneka, pafupifupi zopanda nthambi. Wakaletedwa, wokhathamira, wamatatu. Mapeto ake amapindika. Pomwe zimakula, zimapanga ziphuphu za quadrangular za mawonekedwe amodzimodzi. Pafupifupi yoyera, yofiyira kwamtambo, yosabala.
	Monstrose	Ikula msanga: asymmetrically, ndi ma kinks. Ang'ono, scaly, achikasu obiriwira. Zosagulika.
	Receptor	Kufikira masentimita 10. Pafupifupi yobisika pansi pa masamba. Yafupikitsidwa, tetrahedral, wandiweyani. Mtundu wonyezimira, wokhala ndi mawalo asiliva. Zochepa, zophatikizidwa mu inflorescence.
Kukongoletsa	Odwala	Kukhazikika, nthambi pang'ono, mpaka 1 m. Maso okhathamira, amtundu, wobiriwira, wowonda. -Kufiyira kofiyira, komwe kumatisonkhanitsa m'm inflorescence yayikulu, maambulera.
	Schmidt	Mtundu wa pinki. Lanceolate, yopapatiza, yokhala ndi malekezo. Mbali yakunja ndi yobiriwira ndi zokutira za siliva, mkati mwake ndi kofiyira. Mthunzi wa Carmine.
	Justy Corderoi	Ndizofanana ndi kalasi yapitayi. Kusiyanitsa: mbale zolumikizidwa pansi mpaka pansi, zomata zomata.
	Proneseleaf	Kukhazikika, nthambi pang'ono. Amphalaphala ndi minofu, itatu kapena lanceolate. Kunja, yokutidwa ndi madontho ofiira, kuli mano m'mphepete mwake. Choyera ngati chipale, chofiirira.

Kusamalira Crassula kunyumba

Chomera chimakhala chosasinthika pazambiri, kulima kwake nkofunika kwa oyamba kumene. Popeza kusamalira rosula kunyumba ndikosavuta, nthawi zambiri imakongoletsedwa ndi nyumba, maofesi.

Choyimira	Chilimwe cha masika	Kugwa nthawi yachisanu
Malo / Kuwala	Zenera limazizira kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo mbali.
Malo / Kuwala	Tengani ku terata kapena loggia, muteteze ku dzuwa lowongolera. Chotsani kwa owotcha.	Pangani ziwonetsero zowonjezera pogwiritsa ntchito fitolamp ndi zida za masana (osachepera maola 10-12).
Kutentha	+20… +25 ℃.	+14 ℃.
Chinyezi	Kuyika pansi pa shawa, kuphimba dziko lapansi ndi polyethylene.	Palibe chifukwa.
Kuthirira	Pang'onopang'ono, mutayanika dothi lapansi ndi 3-4 cm.	Nthawi zambiri, pokhapokha mbewuyo ikamuma.
Kuthirira	Madzi okonzedwa, kutentha kwa chipinda.
Mavalidwe apamwamba	Muyenera kugula feteleza wapadera wa ma cacti ndi ma suppulents.
Mavalidwe apamwamba	Pereka nawo kamodzi m'masabata anayi.	1 nthawi m'miyezi itatu.

Thirani, dothi, kudulira

Mukayamba kupangika kwa chithunzi chokhwima, padzakhala stumps m'malo mwa magawo, omwe angawononge kwambiri mbewu. Chifukwa chake, kudulira ndikofunikira pamene chitsamba ndidakali chochepa, pafupifupi 15 cm:

Pamwamba, tsitsani masamba 2 ang'ono kwambiri.
Pamalo ano, 4 adzakula m'malo mwake.
Mu Crassula yomwe ikukula, muyenera kutsina kawirikawiri m'malo amenewo komwe muyenera kupangitsa kuti koronayu akhale wokulirapo.

Gawo lodzala liyenera kukhala zigawo izi potsatira 1: 1: 3: 1: 1:

pepala;
humus;
turf;
miyala
mchenga.

Mutha kuphatikizanso kusakaniza kopangidwa ndi dothi kosafunikira ndi cacti.

Kuika kumachitika ndikukula kwamphamvu kwa mizu, pomwe imakuta kwathunthu chotupa. Izi zimachitika pafupifupi zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Nthawi yoyenera kwambiri ndi masika.

Mphika uyenera kusankhidwa pang'ono kuposa woyamba. Kutalika, koma osaya, mwina mizu itatsikira, gawo la mlengalenga lidzayamba kukula mwachangu: tsinde limakhala lofooka ndi lofooka. Thirani monga:

Ikani dongo lokwanira dothi.
Pakusintha, sinthani chitsamba ndi mtanda wopanda dothi.
Dzazani pamalopo ndi gawo lapansi latsopano.
Ndi mizu yayitali kutalika, kwezani.

Kuti mbewuyo ikhale yaying'ono, siyofunika kuikemo. Ndikokwanira kusintha chimbudzi chaka chilichonse.

Njira zolerera

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito:

mbewu;
kudula;
masamba.

Njira yachilengedwe yofotokozera ndiosavuta kwambiri ndipo imapereka zotsatira zabwino. Zoyeserera ndi Gawo:

Fotokozerani mbewu panthaka panthaka (dothi lamchenga ndi mchenga 1: 2) mumtsuko wokutira, ndikuwaza ndi mchenga.
Phimbani ndigalasi kuti muthane ndi mpweya wobiriwira.
Chotsani pogona tsiku lililonse kuti pakhale mpweya wabwino, chotsani makomawo, thiritsani nthaka ndi mfuti.
Pambuyo pa mphukira kuti zimere, ziwonjezereni pa mtunda wa 1 cm kuchokera pa chinzake. Khalani kuchipinda chofunda komanso choyatsa.
Masamba okula bwino bwino akamakula, amapendekera mbiya m'magulu awiri okhala ndi dothi lamchenga (1: 2).
Sungani kutentha kwa + 15 ... +18 ℃ mpaka kuzika kwathunthu.
Thirani ku malo okhazikika.

Kufalikira kwa kudula masitepe ndi sitepe:

Dulani mphukira yolimba, gwiritsani ntchito malo owonongeka ndi makala.
Zomera zodzala ziyenera kuyikidwa mu chowonjezera chophukira (mwachitsanzo, ku Kornevin) kwa masiku 1-2.
Bzalani panthaka yachonde.
Mizu itawonongeka, sinthani panjinga (5-8 cm mozungulira).
Kusamalira, komanso chitsamba chachikulire.

Kubala ndi masamba:

Dulani zinthu zodzala, youma mpweya kwa masiku awiri.
Dziwani mozama kwambiri.
Pukuta dothi nthawi zonse musanazike mizu.
Mukayamba kukula, ikani ma poto osiyana.

Kulakwitsa posamalira rosula, matenda ndi tizirombo

Ngati mbewuyo sikupanga zinthu zofunika kumangidwa, zimapweteka, tizirombo timayamba kuzidya.

Kuwonetsera	Zifukwa	Njira zoyesera
Masamba amatembenuka ndikugwa.	Kuchuluka kapena kusowa chinyezi. Madzi ozizira. Kuchulukitsa kwa feteleza.	Madzi pa ndandanda. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofunda, ofunda. Siyani kuvala kwa masabata anayi.
Tsinde ndi lalitali kwambiri.	Madzi ochulukirapo pamoto wotsika kapena wopanda kuwala.	Ngati izi zinachitika mchilimwe: Sinthani pafupipafupi kuthirira. Khalani pa + 20 ... +25 ℃. Vuto likakhala nthawi yozizira: Pukuta chikomokere kwathunthu. Pangani zowunikira zowonjezera. Kwezani kutentha + 23 ... +25 ℃.
Masamba ofiira obiriwira.	Kuwonongeka kwa bacteria.	Odwala masamba kudula ndi kuwononga. Chitani ndi Fitosporin-M (katatu, patsiku 10).
Kukula pang'ono.	Kuperewera kapena kuchuluka kwa feteleza. Kupanda chinyezi kapena kuwala. Nthawi ya hibernation.	Tsatirani dongosolo la kudyetsa ndi kuthirira. Patsani nyali zowala.
Kuvunda kwa tsinde.	Kuthirira kwambiri.	Lolani nthaka kuti iume; ngati izi sizithandiza, mbewuyo singathe kupulumutsidwa. Yesani kukulitsa mtundu watsopano wa omwe wadulidwa.
Yellowness pamasamba.	Kupanda kuyatsa.	Onjezerani kuwala kozungulira kwa maola 10-12.
Kufewetsa mbale.	Mphamvu yakunyowa kwa gawo lapansi.	Yanika chipinda chadothi. Ngati izi zalephera, ikani chitsamba: Mizu yoyipa. Zilowerere potaziyamu permanganate yankho. Bzalani m'nthaka yatsopano.
Malo amdima.	Chesa Mafangayi.	Mthunzi, chitani ndi Fundazole. Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa kuthirira. Apatseni mpweya.
Madontho oyera.	Chinyezi chambiri.	Chepetsani chinyezi. Kuchepetsa kuthirira.
Kuchepa kwa greenery.	Kulowa kwa ma radiation a ultraviolet mwachindunji. Mpweya wabwino. Kuchepa kwa zakudya.	Tetezani ku dzuwa. Manyowa.
Chikwangwani chagolide, ngati sichingaperekedwe ndi mitundu.	Crassula adakumana ndi mavuto ndipo adayamba kuchira.	Palibe chifukwa chochitira chilichonse, chitsamba chija chimadzichira chokha.
Masamba olima.	Chingwe cholimba pambuyo poyanika gawo lapansi.	Izi ndizowopsa. Nthawi zambiri, mbewu imafa.
Zouma zofiirira.	Kuperewera kwa madzi.	Madzi ngati dothi ladzaza.
Kuyanika.	Kutunga madzi nthaka. Mizu yake imapanikizika mumphika.	Yanika chipinda chadothi. Ikani chidebe chambiri.
Mawonekedwe achikasu, owoneka bulauni ndi ma tubercles.	Chotchinga.	Sungani tizilombo ndi dzanja. Thirani chitsamba ndi madzi a sopo kapena Fitoverm (malinga ndi malangizo).
Ma tsamba owonda pamizere, madontho aimvi kapena ofiira osasunthika, mawonekedwe achikasu ndi a bulauni amawonekera.	Spider mite.	Utsi ndi madzi ofunda ndi kuphimba mwamphamvu ndi thumba (atanyowa kwambiri, tizilombo timene timafa). Pukutani ndi yankho la sopo. Ikani Apollo.
Mipira yoyera, yofanana ndi ubweya wa thonje pamizu ndi zolakwika zamasamba.	Mealybug.	Madzitsuka ndi madzi. Chitani chitsamba ndi mowa kapena adyo yankho. Gwiritsani ntchito Fufanon, Actellik.
Tizilombo tikuwoneka pamizu.	Chizindikiro cha Muzu.	Sambani chitsamba ndi madzi otentha (+ 50 ° C). Chitani phokoso ndi yankho la Actellik, Fufanon.
Osa.	Chinyezi chachikulu. Kuthirira kwambiri.	Ikani mu dothi latsopano, kukonza mizu ya dziko lapansi lakale.
Mawonekedwe oyera pamtunda wa masamba, pang'onopang'ono kukulira, kudutsa gawo lonse la mlengalenga.	Powdery mildew, chifukwa: chinyezi chambiri mlengalenga; kupanga zochulukirapo za feteleza okhala ndi nayitrogeni.	Kuwononga amadyera okhudzidwa. Sinthani malo apamwamba. Kuti muchite ndi fungicides (Topaz, Fundazol, Previkur); Pogaya theka la mutu wa adyo, kutsanulira madzi okwanira, kusiya usiku. Vutani ndikusesa tchire. 2,5 g wa makhiristo a potaziyamu permanganate kutsanulira 10 malita a madzi. Spray chomera 4 mobwerezabwereza ndi masiku atatu.
Maonekedwe a imvi kapena zakuda. Pang'onopang'ono, kulumikizana kwawo kumachitika, ndipo filimu yovala imaphimba mbale. Masamba agwa, udzu wofiyira ukuleka kukula.	Zam'manja. Zotsatira zake: chinyezi chosauka; kugonjetsedwa ndi tizirombo (nsabwe za m'masamba, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, zovala zoyera, mealybugs); chinyezi chachikulu.	Kuwononga madera omwe anakhudzidwa. Thirani masamba otsala ndi njira yothira sokosi. Lemberani Actara. Youma kuti pasakhale madzi madzimadzi amadzaza m'machimo.
Madontho a bulauni pomwe amaphimbira mwachangu nthawi yayitali.	Gray rot chifukwa cha: kusayenda kwamadzi; chinyezi chachikulu; feteleza wopitilira muyeso; tizilombo tafotokozazi.	Chotsani mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa. Gwiritsani ntchito Teldor. Ikani mu mumphika watsopano ndi gawo lapansi latsopano.
Masamba achikasu okhala ndi kadontho ka bulauni pakati komanso chimango, imadutsa gawo lonse la mlengalenga. Shrub yasiya kukula. Zomwe zimayambira zikuvunda, zikusweka.	Anthracnose, chifukwa cha chinyezi chambiri m'nthaka, mlengalenga.	Kukonzedwa ndi Previkur, Skor, Fundazol.
Kuvunda kwa mizu ndi thunthu.	Muzu ndi tsinde zowola: kusayenda kwamadzi; kuthirira kwambiri; gawo lapansi losakwanira.	Kutulutsa chitsamba, kuchotsa mizu padziko lapansi ndi kuchapa. Dulani madera omwe akhudzidwa, chiritsani zilonda ndi malasha. Sungani maola angapo osakhala m'nthaka kuti iwume. Bzalani mumphika ndi dothi latsopano. Ngati tsinde limatulutsa, duwa silingapulumutsidwe.

Zizindikiro za Crassula ndi zopindulitsa zake

Crassula ilinso ndi dzina lina, "mtengo wa ndalama". Pali chizindikiro choti chimabweretsa bwino pantchito zachuma. Koma mtunduwu uli ndi chomera chabwino, chopanda thanzi. Wodwala, m'malo mwake, amatsogolera pakuwonongeka kwa ndalama.

Crassula imayeretsa mpweya wazinthu zovulaza, zimalemeretsa ndi mpweya. Chomera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu ngati mankhwala othandizira, chifukwa chimathandizira kupewa matenda ambiri:

Matendawa	Chinsinsi
Pyelonephritis.	Pogaya 2 tbsp. l amadyera ndi kutsanulira 1 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha. Tengani 1 tbsp. l musanadye chakudya.
Zilonda zam'mimba ndi duodenal.	Thungani pepala limodzi tsiku lililonse.
Neuralgia, mitsempha ya varicose, kupweteka kwamisempha.	Thirani 2 tbsp. l 200 ml ya mowa wamphamvu. Kukakamira usiku. Opaka m'mabala owawa.
Dulani, hematomas, nyamakazi, gout, osteochondrosis.	Pitani mu chopukusira nyama.Pangani compress kuchokera pa zamkati.
Chimanga.	Ikani zamkati pamalo omwe akhudzidwa.
Magazi.	Sakanizani msuzi wa mbewu ndi mafuta a azitona kapena mafuta odzola (1 mpaka 1). Pazinthuzo, tsitsani mafuta a thonje ndikugwiritsira ntchito hemorrhoid.
Zowawa.	Sipuni ndi madzi osenda ndi madzi (1 mpaka 2).