Pepper m'zinthu zake zonse kalekale akhala zonunkhira bwino pa tebulo lathu.
Mdima ndi wakuda ndiwo zipatso za peppercorns, zomwe zimatengedwa nthawi zosiyana.
Tsabola wakuda ndi zipatso zachinyama, zomwe zitatha kukonzekera zimatenga mawonekedwe omwe amadziwika bwino. Izi ndi zakuda kapena zakuda zowonongeka nandolo ndi mamita awiri mpaka 3-4 mm.
Kodi tsabola woyera ndi chiyani? Ndi zipatso zakupsa zomwe zalandira mtundu wake wakuda chifukwa cha kuthirira ndi kuyanika.
Zomwe zimachitikira zomera
Tsabola wakuda (Piper nigrum) ndi mtengo wa mpesa umene umakula kufika mamita 15. Pa minda, kukula kwake kuli kochepa ndi mitengo mpaka mamita asanu. Chomeracho chimamera ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono, anasonkhana motalika, atapachika mazembera omwe amamveka ngati khutu. Kenaka zipse zipatso zawo - drupes, zomwe zimadyedwa ngati mawonekedwe a zonunkhira. Masamba ake ndi amtengo wapatali, oboola, obiriwira, obiriwira.
Chiwombankhanga
Malo otchedwa Pepper - lamba lotentha la dziko lapansi.
Ndi imodzi mwa mbewu zazikulu m'mayiko akumwera cha Kum'maŵa kwa Asia, akukula ku Sri Lanka, India (kumene adayambitsidwa ku Ulaya), Sumatra ndi Borneo.
Ndipo amakhalanso mlendo wokhazikika kukhitchini yanu.
Mmodzi mwa anthu ogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi ndi Sumatra.
Kusonkhanitsa ndi kukonza tsabola woyera
Pofuna tsabola woyera, amakololedwa kokha pamene chipatsocho chimabala bwino ndipo chimakhala chofiira.
Ofiira mu drupes ndi amniotic membrane yokha. Chotsani izo mwa njira ziwiri. Mankhwalawa amatsanulidwa ndi madzi kapena madzi a laimu ndipo amawasunga mpaka chipolopolo chimachoka, kapena chimakhala kunja kwa dzuwa kwa masiku 7-10. Kutentha dzuwa, tsabola woyera amakhala onunkhira kwambiri.
Pambuyo potulutsa nandolo mu chipolopolo, zouma kuti zipeze zosalala kuzungulira misozi ya imvi kapena yofiira.
Chithunzi
Chithunzicho chimasonyeza peppercorns zoyera:
Kusamalira kwanu
Pepper "Piper nigrum" ndizotheka kukula kunyumba. Kumusamalira n'kosavuta. Pochita zinthu kwa iye amene ali pafupi ndi chirengedwe, n'zotheka kupeza zipatso zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kubzala ndi kukula
Nandolo zakuda zokha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbewu. Kuyera chifukwa chodzala ndichabechabe, sikudzapereka majeremusi.
Tsabola wakuda sichimatha kutentha, kuuma kwachilengedwe, choncho kumera kwake kuli kwakukulu.
Anagula nandolo m'madzi kwa maola 24. Konzani gawo lalikulu la sod, ndi kuwonjezera kwa humus ndi mchenga.
Bzalani mbeu mu chidebe cha mbeu. Kuti apambane bwino amafunika kutentha kwa madigiri 25-30 ndi kuthirira kwambiri.
Pambuyo poonekera masamba oyambirira, tsabola amadyetsedwa ndi zitosi za mbalame zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi madzi, kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi 1:10. Pambuyo masiku 7-10, ziphuphu zikhoza kulowetsedwa miphika yosiyana. Kufika kumapangidwa mu June.
Pambuyo pake, chomeracho chimayikidwa pamalo okongola, otetezedwa ku dzuwa. M'nyengo ya chilimwe ndi bwino kuisunga mwatsopano, koma popanda drafts. Pamene mizu ikukula, tsabola amaikidwa mu mphika waukulu.
Maluwa adzayamba chaka chachiwiri kumapeto kwa masika. Pambuyo maluwa, idzapatsa zipatso. Tsabola imakula ndi liana yayitali, kotero imafuna chithandizo. Ingakule kufika mamita 2.
Kutentha ndi kuyatsa
M'nyengo yozizira, malo abwino kwambiri a tsabola ndi sill yowoneka bwino.koma kutali ndi radiator. Zima kutentha - madigiri 18. M'chilimwe - pafupifupi madigiri 23-25.
Ngati mtengo uli pawindo lakumwera la nyumbayi, pangani mthunzikuteteza ku dzuwa lotentha. Amamva bwino kumbali ya kummawa kapena kumadzulo.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Pepper amakonda nthaka yothira, choncho muyenera kuthirira madzi kuti asawume.
M'nyengo yozizira, zomera zimabwera, ndipo kuthirira kuchepa.
Pepper amafunika mpweya wonyezimira. M'nyengo yozizira imatulutsidwa kawiri pa tsiku, kawirikawiri m'nyengo yozizira.
Ngati mlengalenga muli wouma kwambiri, mphikawo umayikidwa mu poto ndi miyala yowonongeka.
Kupaka pamwamba
Kupaka pamwamba kumapangidwa ndi feteleza mchere wambiri. Nthaŵi yonseyi siili ndi umuna.
Kuwaza
Chomera chochepa chimafunika kusuntha chaka chilichonse, wamkulu - kamodzi pakatha zaka ziwiri. Nthaŵi iliyonse gawo latsopano ndi poto lalikulu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nthaka imapangidwa ndi tsamba la masamba ndi sod, peat, mchenga ndi humus. Madzi amaikidwa pansi pa mphika.
Ndikofunikira! Pepper ndi bwino kudzala mu poto ya pulasitiki, nthaka imakhala yochepa.
Kuswana
Pepper imafalikira m'njira zingapo:
Kubalana ndi cuttings
Chifukwa chaichi, cuttings ndi 2-3 masamba amadulidwa ndikuyikidwa pa gawo lapansi kuchokera kumbali imodzi ya nthaka ndi masamba a mchenga.
Tambani ndi filimu, ndikupanga kutentha kwapadera.
Kutentha kwa rooting sikuyenera kukhala pansi pa madigiri 24.
Pakatha masabata atatu, mizu ikumera, ndiye kuti zidutswazo zimaikidwa mu miphika yosiyana ndi masentimita 9.
Kubalanso poyika
Mphukira yonyenga imakanikizidwa ku nthaka yamchenga (ikhoza kutetezedwa ndi chinsalu cha mtengo).
Ndi kuthirira madzi okwanira ndi kuyatsa bwino, mphukira zowonjezereka zimayambitsa mizu. Mphukira yozulidwa imagawanika ndikuponyera mu mphika wosiyana.
Kugawa chitsamba
Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popatsira munthu wamkulu wamkulu.
Mavuto ndi kukula tsabola:
- Kutulutsa ndi kutambasula kwa tsinde - kusowa chakudya ndi kuwala;
- Msuzi wa masamba a Brown - osamwa madzi okwanira komanso otsika;
- Kuphulika ndi kuphulika kwa masamba - kutentha kwa nthaka (makamaka m'nyengo yozizira) kapena kutayirira kovala pamwamba mu chilimwe;
- Kutentha, kutaya kwa masamba - kugunda kwa dzuwa.
Ndikofunikira! Si vuto kapena matenda omwe mazira ang'onoang'ono oyera amapezeka kumbuyo kwa masamba.
Kugwiritsa ntchito tsabola woyera: ubwino ndi kuvulaza
Tsabola woyera yadziwika kwambiri ngati zonunkhira.
Zimasiyanasiyana ndi anthu akuda ndi zakuthwa zochepa komanso zonunkhira komanso zonunkhira bwino, ndizovuta nsomba ndi masamba, komanso zakudya zodyera.
Ophika ozoloŵera amawonjezera ku pafupifupi kudya okonzeka kotero kuti umasunga kukoma kwake kokoma.
Zothandiza
M'dziko lakwawo la tsabola woyera, zogwiritsidwa ntchito zimadziwika kwa nthawi yaitali, anthu ammudzi amachigwiritsa ntchito ngati mankhwala.
Masiku ano, mankhwalawa amathandiza kuti aziwotcha mafuta onunkhira. Amakhala ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso odana ndi zotupa.
Zosakaniza ndi uchi, zimakhala ndi zotsatira zowonjezera, zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa ntchentche ndikuyeretsa bronchi ndi mapapo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito tsabola woyera kumapangitsa kuti:
- kuthamanga kwa metabolism ndi zopsereza zotentha;
- chilakolako chowonjezeka;
- kumalimbikitsa, kuthetsa mkwiyo ndi nkhawa;
- kuwonjezera chitetezo ndi ntchito;
- kupukuta magazi ndi kusungunula zitsulo mmenemo;
- kumasula thupi la poizoni;
- kuchotsedwa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
- Tsabola woyera imakhala ndi mavitamini ndi ma microelements.
Zotsutsana ndi ntchito
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito tsabola woyera chifukwa cha matenda awa:
- gastritis ndi zilonda zam'mimba;
- kutupa kwa impso ndi chikhodzodzo;
- magazi;
- zovuta.
Tsabola yoyera pakhomo idzapindula ndikusangalala.
