Blutang (catarral fever) ng'ombe

Kugonjetsedwa kwa bluetooth kumatuluka mocheperapo kusiyana ndi nkhosa. Matendawa, omwe amachokera ku Africa, amawerengedwanso ku ng'ombe m'mayiko a ku Ulaya. Timaphunzira mtundu wa matenda, momwe ndi koopsa kwa nyama, momwe tingachitire ndi njira zotetezera.

Zamkatimu:

• Mavitamini, magwero ndi njira za matenda
• Nthawi yosakaniza ndi zizindikiro
• Zofufuza za Laboratory
• Kusintha kwa pathological
• Kodi n'zotheka kuchiza
• Chitetezo chokwanira
• Malamulo oletsa komanso kuteteza bluetooth

Ndi matenda otani

Blutang amatchedwanso malungo a chiwerewere kapena "lilime la buluu". Izi ndi matenda a tizilombo omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pakupezeka kutupa kwa mphutsi zamatumbo za m'kamwa, pamimba, m'matumbo, pakhungu la epithelium la ziboda.

Mukudziwa? Nthawi yoyamba kubwezeretsa kunapezeka kum'mwera kwa Africa mu 1876 ndipo poyamba kunayesedwa kuti ndi vuto la Africa. Tsopano matendawa a ziweto akufalikira pafupifupi makontinenti onse. Kuphulika kwa matendawa posachedwapa kwachitika m'mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya.

Mavitamini, magwero ndi njira za matenda

Blutang amayamba ndi kachilombo ka RNA kuchokera ku mtundu wa Orbivirus (banja Reoviridae). Matendawa ndi osakwatira komanso ambiri. Gwero lake ndi nyama zodwala. Mkatikati mwa midzi ya Culicoides amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofalitsa matendawa.

Izi zimapereka chikhalidwe chokhazikika ndikuchidalira nyengo. Matendawa amapezeka nthawi ya chilimwe ndipo amafalikira kwambiri masiku otentha. Kawirikawiri amalembedwa m'madera otsetsereka kapena m'madera omwe amadziwika ndi kuchulukira kwa madzi kwa chaka ndi madzi.

Matendawa amawopsa kwambiri kwa nyama zomwe zimakhala ndi mphutsi ndi matenda. Zowopsa za zochitika zimakhalanso zinyama zambiri komanso kuwala kwa dzuwa. Wothandizira wa matenda a tizilombo - woodlouse

Nthawi yosakaniza ndi zizindikiro

Blutang imadziwika ndi nthawi ya masiku 6 mpaka 9 ndipo imachitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana (pachimake, subacute, chronic, avortive).

Mwachidziwitso cha matendawa, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikuwonetsedwa:

• kutentha kwakukulu (+ 41-42 ° C), komwe kumatenga masiku 2 mpaka 11;
• kuphulika, kutentha kwa nthaka, ndi zilonda zamkati mwa pakamwa;
• salivation yowonjezereka;
• fungo lavunda kuchokera pakamwa;
• purulent nasal;
• Kutupa kwa makutu, milomo, lilime, nsagwada, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti khosi ndi chifuwa zikhope pang'onopang'ono;
• Pakapita nthawi, lilime limakhala lofiira kapena lamabuluu, limatha kukhala (osati nthawi zonse);
• poddermatit;
• wopusa ndi kupotoka kwa khosi;
• m'matenda apamwamba, pali kutsekula m'mimba ndi maziza a magazi, kulemera kwakukulu ndi kufooka.

Anaplasmosis, pasteurellosis, actinomycosis, abscess ndi parainfluenza-3 amatchedwanso matenda opatsirana a ziweto.

Matendawa amatha kutenga masiku 6-20 ndipo amatha kufa kwa nyama 2-8 masiku oyamba atayamba kuwonekera. Mu mitundu yambiri ya matendawa, zizindikiro zonsezi zikuwoneka pang'onopang'ono ndipo sizitchulidwa. Ndili ndi matendawa, nyamayi imatayika, imavala malaya osauka, ndipo imakhala ndi zilonda zopweteka. Pambuyo pa matenda opusa, bronchitis, chibayo ndi matenda ena opatsirana achiwiri angayambe kuwonekera.

Mukudziwa? Chiwerengero cha makina 24 a bluetongue serogroups anadziwika. Katemera wodwala matendawa umakhala ndi 4 magulu ambiri omwe amapezeka ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa. Republic of South Africa ili ndi katemera omwe ali ndi ma serotypes 14 a matendawa.

Fomu ya subacute ikhoza kukhala masiku 30-40, ndipo matendawa amatha zaka zoposa chaka. Nyama yomwe ili ndi matendawa amachira pang'ono, koma imfa si yachilendo, makamaka m'malo omwe bluetang imawonekera kwa nthawi yoyamba. Mchitidwe wochotsa mimba umadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono za mucous membrane, ngakhale kusintha kwa chisokonezo nthawi zina kumawoneka m'kamwa. Ng'ombe zimakhala ndi vuto lopweteka komanso kugwa kwa mkaka.

Kawirikawiri zizindikiro zoterezi zimawoneka ngati katemera wayamba, ndipo chikhalidwe cha nyamayo ndi chokhutiritsa. Ng'ombe za mimba zimatha kutenga padera kapena kubereka ana ochepa. Zowopsa kwambiri pa matenda opatsirana m'mimba mu miyezi itatu yoyambirira ya mimba.

Zofufuza za Laboratory

Popeza kuti zizindikiro za bluetongue siziwoneka nthawi zonse, mayeso a ma laboratory ayenera kuchitidwa kuti ziweto zibweretsedwe ku famu. Izi ndizofunika kwambiri, popeza m'madera omwe matendawa sanawonedwepo, kufa kwa ng'ombe kungakhale pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya anthu onse.

Tizilombo ta tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayikidwa ndi njira za serological. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza kuti azindikire matenda a enzyme immunoassay, omwe amadziŵa molondola kuti ma antibodies amatha kusintha.

Tikukulangizani kuti muwerenge momwe mungasankhire ng'ombe yabwino, momwe mungadyetse ng'ombe yowuma ndi yowuma, momwe mungayesetse kutentha kwa thupi kwa ng'ombe, momwe mungametezere ng'ombe, komanso kuti mudyetse ng'ombe motani pa msipu, ndi kupeza momwe ziweto zimadalira.

Nyama yomwe yapezedwa kale imakhala ndi ma antibodies ambiri kwa nthawi yaitali, kotero phunziro ili silidzawonetsa chithunzi chonse m'madera omwe akufalikira. Koma ndibwino kuti mudziwe ng'ombe zowonongeka kuti zilowetsedwe m'dziko kapena m'minda.

Pofuna kuganizira za matendawa, akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito polymerase chain reaction, yomwe imalola kuti asiye serogroup ndikupereka zotsatira zolondola. Sampampu ya magazi pa matenda a ma laboratory

Kusintha kwa pathological

Pamene matenda a chiwindi amatha kuona zotsatirazi:

• kutopa kwakukulu kwa thupi lonse;
• kufalikira kosavuta, komwe kumayambitsa kutupa kwa thupi la pansi;
• kutukusira kwa mucous nembanemba, zomwe zimakhala ndi ubweya wa bluish;
• kuwonjezeka ndi cyanosis ya lilime, lomwe nthawi zambiri limagwa kunja;
• nsabwe ndi ziwalo zamkati za masaya zimakhudzidwa ndi kusintha kwa nthaka, komanso zilonda zam'mimba;
• minofu ya gawo la chigoba ili ndi imfa yambiri yamagazi;
• minofu ya mtima imakula ndipo imakhala ndi chilakolako;
• kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka ziwalo za mkati;
• kawirikawiri amadziwika;
• dystrophic kusintha mu maselo endothelium, m'mimba mucosa ndi mafupa minofu.

Kodi n'zotheka kuchiza

Mwamwayi, pakalipano palibe mankhwala othandizira ng'ombe motsutsana ndi bluetongue. Chithandizo chikukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi njira zothandizira. Mfundo yofunika ndi katemera. Nyama zodwala zimaperekedwa kuti ziphedwe.

Chitetezo chokwanira

Nyama imene imakhala ndi malungo amachititsa chitetezo cha moyo wonse ku serogroup. Ma antibodies ofanana amapezeka m'magazi omwe angaperekedwe kwa achinyamata pamene akudyetsedwa ndi colostrum. Kuti chitetezo chiteteze ku matendawa, katemera omwe ali ndi mavuto angapo amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Amaperekedwa kwa zinyama pansi pa khungu mwa tsamba 1-2 ml. Kukula kwa chitetezo cha mthupi kumachitika patatha masiku khumi ndipo kumatenga chaka chimodzi. Pa nthawi ya katemera, ng'ombe ziyenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa lotentha. Katemera amachitika pa zinyama za miyezi itatu.

Ndikofunikira! Ng'ombe ndi ana a nkhosa akulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa kuchokera amayi ochizira ndipo osati zopangira mawonekedwe, pamene amayamba kukhala ndi chitetezo cha bluetongue, chomwe chimakhala kwa miyezi 3-4.

Malamulo oletsa komanso kuteteza bluetooth

Matenda oterewa ndi abwino kuteteza kuposa kuchiza. Kupewa kwakukulu kolimbana ndi matendawa, monga tanenera pamwambapa, katemera woteteza nthawi yeniyeni. Kutsekula m'madzi kwa nkhokwe, monga njira yothetsera bluetongue

Pofuna kupewa kufalikira kwa matenda, muyenera kutsatira zotsatirazi:

• gwiritsani ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
• Musayende ng'ombe mu malo osungirako madzi;
• Sungani ng'ombe m'zipinda zapadera chaka chonse;
• pamene mukugula zinyama zatsopano, onani nthawi yodzipatula;
• Kuchita machitidwe achidziwitso ndi nthawi ya masiku 20;
• kuchepetsa ubwino wa umuna wogula kwa umuna;
• Musamaweta ng'ombe ndi nkhosa mu chipinda chimodzi chodyera;
• Pangani katemera wodwalayo, makamaka masiku 30 musanayambe kuoneka tizilombo toyamwa magazi (pakati, udzudzu, nkhupakupa ndi zina);
• Kuyezetsa magazi nthawi zonse, kutenga mayeso a magazi kuti apeze matenda a nthawi yake;
• onetsetsani malamulo a ukhondo ndikupitiriza kusamba thupi.

Ngati, ngakhale zili choncho, matendawa amapezeka ndipo mayeserowa asonyeza zotsatira zabwino, ndiye famu yonse imasunthira, ndipo malo omwe ali pamtunda wa kilomita 150 amaonedwa kuti ndi osasangalatsa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana ndi udzudzu, ntchentche ndi tizilombo tina.

Ndikofunikira! Nyama itatha kuphedwa ingathe kudyedwa kokha mukatha kuphika kwa maola awiri kapena awiri, kawirikawiri nyama yoteroyo imapanga chakudya chachitsulo kapena soseji.

M'deralo la kutheka kufalikira kwa zinyama, zitsanzo za magazi zimatengedwa ndi kufufuza kuti zizindikire matendawa. M'dera lokhalitsa anthu, zogulitsa ndi kutumiza zinyama zimaletsedwa. Anthu odwala amaperekedwa kuti aphedwe. Kupangitsa katemera wa ng'ombe, monga njira yothetsera bluetongue

Kusiyanitsa kumachotsedwa chaka chimodzi kuchokera kumlandu wotsiriza wa matendawa ndi zotsatira zowoneka ngati mukuyesedwa kuti mukhalepo ndi wothandizira. Koma kafukufuku ndi katemera zikuchitika nthawi zonse m'madera awa ndi magawo omwe ali pafupi ndi icho.

Blutang ndi nthendayi yosawerengeka m'dera lathu, koma matendawa amayamba ku Ulaya ndipo afikanso gawo lathu. Zogula nyama kuchokera kumayiko ena ziyenera kufufuzidwa ndipo katemera ayenera kuchitidwa ngati matendawa alembedwa penapake kapena pa famu.