Jatropha ndi chomera chamtundu wochokera ku banja la Euphorbiaceae. Pali mitundu yopitilira 170 ya dziko lapansi. Malo ogawa - America, Africa, India. Ku Russia, jatropha imatha kupezeka kokha m'malo obiriwira kapena m'malo osunga maluwa okongola.
Kufotokozera kwa Jatropha
Tsinde lignified mawonekedwe a botolo limatha kufika 0.5 m kutalika kunyumba zikula. Masika, maluwa amayamba ndipo amatha mpaka nthawi yophukira, nthawi yozizira, isanayambike dormancy, chomera chimataya masamba.
Maluwa a jatropha amatulutsa maluwa awiri, maluwa owala bwino, malalanje kapena malalanje. Kuti mubereke zipatso mtsogolo, ndikofunikira kudzipatsa patokha.
Zipatsozo ndi mbewu zowotcha zitatu mpaka 2,5 cm.
Zosiyanasiyana za jatropha patebulo
Magawo ambiri a jatropha ali ndi poizoni, kotero, palibe mitundu yoposa 5 yamitundu yachilendo yomwe ili yofala m'nyumba komanso yowonjezera maluwa. Mwakutero:
| Onani | Kufotokozera |
| Gout (gouty) | Thunthu lomwe limapangidwa limafanana ndi amphora wachi Greek ndipo limakula kutalika ndi 70 cm chifukwa cha peduncle. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amtundu wa matanthwe, ophatikizidwa maambulera. Popita nthawi, masamba amasintha mtundu kukhala wobiriwira wobiriwira kupita ku matte hue. |
| Kurkas | Ndi osowa, amakula kuposa 6 m wamtali. Chifukwa cha chipatso chake chowala, dzina lachiwiri ndi Barbados. Maluwa achikasu amatengedwa mu inflorescence zachilendo. |
| Kwambiri kwambiri | Imayimiridwa ndi chitsamba kapena mtengo mpaka 4 m yaying'ono. Zosankha zopanda malire ndizotheka pakupanga korona, chifukwa mbewuyo imalekerera kutsina bwino. Ma inflorescence ali ndi mawonekedwe a mtundu wa mchenga, posamalira bwino jatropha amatha kuyendetsa maluwa chaka chonse. |
| Zotulutsidwa | Ikasungidwa kunyumba, imawoneka ngati kanjedza kakang'ono. Masamba amagawidwa m'makola angapo ndiobiriwira wakuda, pafupifupi utoto. |
Kukula mchipinda jatropha
Zomera ndizabwino, koma zimafunikira chidwi. Kusamalira kunyumba kuyenera kupatulidwa malinga ndi nthawi yopuma.
| Chizindikiro | Kasupe / chilimwe | Kugwa / yozizira |
| Kuwala | Ndikofunika kupanga mthunzi kuchokera pakulowera dzuwa mwachindunji. | Kuunikira kowonjezereka sikofunikira. |
| Kutentha | Kuyambira +19 ° C mpaka +25 ° C. | Kuchokera pa + 13 ° C mpaka +15 ° C. |
| Kuthirira | M'magawo ang'onoang'ono, osasefukira. | Imani masamba atagwa. |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Kamodzi pamwezi ndi feteleza kwa ma suppulents kapena cacti. | Pakupuma iwo satulutsa. |
Kusamalidwa Kwanyumba kwa Gout Jutropha
Kusamalira zolengedwa zamtunduwu kumafunikira chidwi chochulukirapo. Gout siyabwino pa zojambula ndi kutentha kwambiri; kuyiyika pabalaza pachilimwe sikulimbikitsidwa. Mkhalidwe waukulu wa chisamaliro ndi kuthirira koyenera. Popeza mbewuyo ili ndi tsinde yomwe imatha kusunga chinyezi, imatha kupita popanda chinyezi kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngati mumathirira duwa pafupipafupi, mizu yake imayamba kuvunda, chifukwa chake imfa. Kuvala kwapamwamba kwamtunduwu kumafunikanso kuchitika mosamala kwambiri.
M'nyengo yozizira, gouty jatropha imataya masamba, kuthirira ndi kudyetsa kumatha, ndipo chisamaliro cha masika chimayambiranso.
Chofunikira ndi mtundu wamadzi othirira, ayenera kukhazikika, kutentha. Zowonjezera moisturizing sizofunikira.
Kupatsidwa kwa Jatropha
Mukasinthanitsa chomera, ndikofunikira kusamalira kukula kwa poto ndi nthaka yatsopano. Malo oyenerera ambale kapena cacti. Mutha kusakaniza nokha zigawo zotsatirazi mu 2: 1: 1: 1, motere:
- pepala lapansi;
- peat;
- turf;
- mchenga.
Dongo lokwakulitsidwa, tchipisi ta njerwa, perlite amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ngalande.
Jatropha amawokedwa kumayambiriro kasupe, masamba achichepere akangoyamba, kamodzi zaka zitatu. Nthawi yomweyo, kuyesa kusaphwanya umphumphu wa dothi loumbira. Kuunikako kumatsirizika ndikumata nthaka ya m'madzi, miyala yabwino kwambiri kapena tchipisi zamiyala.
Kuswana kwa Jatropha
Chomera chimafalitsidwa m'njira ziwiri:
- Kudula - kudula ndikuyika chopereka chowonjezera. Wobzala pansi, kuti mizu yazomera ikhalebe kutentha +30 ° C. Amadikirira milungu 4, kenako amabzalidwa mumiyala yokhazikika.
- Mbewu - isanachitike-yokumba pollination. Pambuyo pakucha, chomeracho chimwaza mbewu, motero zipatsozo zimamangidwa m'matumba a gauze. Kubzala kumachitidwa panthaka, chokocho chimatsekedwa ndi galasi ndikutsukidwa m'chipinda chotentha. Nthambi zoyamba ziziwoneka m'masabata awiri.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta jatropha
| Zifukwa | Mawonekedwe | Njira zoyesera |
| Spider mite | Udzu umagwa ndikusanduka chikaso nyengo yopanda nyengo. | Chithandizo cha mankhwala ophera tizilombo (Fitoverm, Fufanon, Akarin). |
| Zopatsa | Maluwa ndi opunduka ndi kugwa. | Sambani ndi madzi ofunda ndikuchiza ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. |
| Zovunda | Mizu yonse kapena mbali zake zina zimavunda. | Kuchepetsa kuthirira. |
