Eonium treelike ndi chomera cha banja la Crassulaceae. Duwa laling'ono kwambiri lino ndi la ku Moroko. Kuchokera pamenepo, idayambitsidwa ku USA, Great Britain, Mexico, mayiko angapo akumwera ku Europe ndi Australia, komwe imatha kumera poyera. Ku Russia, amalimidwa kokha m'nyumba. Dzinalo lochokera ku Latin "Aeonium" limamasuliridwa kuti "chamuyaya". Ma Succulents amatchedwanso maluwa a m'chipululu.
Kufotokozera kwa Eonium
Pazinthu zachilengedwe, Eonium imafika kutalika kwa 2 m, mkati - 40-90 masentimita. Nthambi yowoneka ngati supuni masamba 1.5-3 mm imadzikundikira chinyezi. Amakula mpaka 15 cm mulitali ndi 4.5 m'lifupi, nthawi zambiri amaphimba tsinde. Pamwamba pa mapalawo panali glossy komanso. Nthambi zowoneka bwino zomwe zimakhala ndi masentimita atatu zimakhala zolimba ndi nthawi. Mtengowo ndi wa zitsamba pachaka, umafa maluwa. Chiyerekezo chongokhala ndi mphukira zingapo chokha chomwe chingapitirize ntchito yake ya moyo.
Peduncle molunjika ndi nthambi zammbali, zimawonekera kuchokera pakatikati koyambira kumapeto kwa dzinja. Mapeto ake, inflorescence imapangidwa ngati burashi ya piramidi yokhala ndi mainchesi a 2 cm yokhala ndi chikaso chowala. Ziphuphu ndizing'onozing'ono, zazitali, zokhala ndi mawonekedwe atatu. Mizu yake ndi yodera komanso yopanda mpweya, yokhala ndi nthambi zambiri.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya aeonium
Pali mitundu yopitilira 70 ya mankhwala opatsirana. Tebulo limawonetsa mawonedwe amkati okhala ndi mayina ndi mawonekedwe awo akuluakulu omwe angakonzedwe posakanikirana koyambirira.
| Onani | Kufotokozera |
| Panyumba | Yokhala ndi masamba obiriwira ngati masamba obiriwira. Utali wautali mpaka masentimita 30. Mapesi ndi otambalala. |
| Noble | Soketi yotalika masentimita 50 pa tsinde lalifupi. Ma masamba a masamba owoneka ngati ma grooves, mthunzi wa azitona. Masamba amkuwa |
| Zokongoletsa | Mapangidwe ozungulira. M'malingaliro ang'onoang'ono mtundu wobiriwira wopepuka wokhala ndi malire wofiira, mwa akulu amakhala pafupifupi ofiira kwathunthu. Ma inflorescence ndi pinki yopepuka. Imakula mpaka masentimita 150, tsinde limakutidwa ndi zipsera kuyambira masamba agwa pansi. |
| Burhard | Rosette mpaka 10 cm kukula kwake. Mtunduwo ndi wosiyana: gawo lapakati ndilobiriwira mopepuka, makoma am'mbali ndi otentha komanso lalanje. |
| Canary | Zosiyanasiyana. Mbale zopangidwa ndi fosholo, zozungulira. Mthunzi ndi laimu, pamwambapa sikuwoneka bwino. Border red-burgundy. |
| Wazi | Pa thunthu la imvi lokhala ndi zipsera zakuda pali mphukira zingapo. Zomera zokhala ndi malire a wavy, paliponse pamalangizo. Masamba ake ndi achikasu achikuda. |
| Virginian | Gawo lophimba pachikuto. Ma Rosette okhala ndi fungo lamafuta a basamu amakutidwa ndi villi yofewa. Pansi pake ndi pinki. |
| Longline | Masamba ndi ang'ono, ozunguliridwa, oyandikana kwambiri ndi wina ndi mnzake ndipo amapangidwa mumiyala. Chophimbidwa ndi setee zofewa. |
| Schwarzkopf | Amakulidwa mosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndi mtundu wa maroon. Mothandizidwa ndi cilia wamkulu woyera. |
| Zokhazikitsidwa | Malo otambalala mpaka 50 masentimita awiri amakula pafupifupi pansi. Ma inflorescence ndi piramidi, wachikasu wolemera. |
| Haworth / Qiwi | Mabatani atapachikidwa, pa mphukira imodzi pali asanu ndi awiri a iwo. Rosette imvi yobiriwira yokhala ndi malire ofiira komanso villi. Imakula osaposa 30 cm. |
| Lindley | Kuyambira pa Marichi mpaka Epulo, maluwa okongola agolide amatumphuka. Amakhala ndi fungo labwino. Thunthu lake ndi lamtengo, lokhala ndi mphukira zambiri. |
| Basamu | Ili ndi fungo labwino komanso nthambi zazitali zolimba zomwe zili ndi mbale zobiriwira zobiriwira kumapeto. |
| Wagolide | Osayamba. Masamba amaphimbidwa ndi mikwingwirima yofiyira yomwe imadutsa pakati komanso m'mphepete. Phesi lokhala ndi mphukira zambiri. |
| Wonga mtengo | Nthambi zazing'ono zimawuma pakapita nthawi. Utoto wowala wobiriwira, maluwa achikasu okhala ndi mafunde ochepa. |
Maonekedwe a chisamaliro cha aeonium
| Parameti | Chilimwe cha masika | Kugwa nthawi yachisanu |
| Kuwala ndi malo | Valani zenera lakumwera chakum'mawa kapena kumwera. Munthawi yotentha, tetezani ku kuyaka, mthunzi. Ikhoza kutengedwa kupita kumweya watsopano. | Khalani pazenera lakumwera kapena kumwera chakum'mawa pamalo owala kwambiri. Kuunikira kwapangidwe sikungakhale. |
| Kutentha | + 20 ... +25 ° C, ikasungidwa pamsewu kapena khonde - osatsika kuposa +10 ° C usiku. | + 10 ... +12 ° C. Chovomerezedwa + 18 ... +20 ° C, koma chomeracho sichipanga zokongola kwambiri. |
| Chinyezi | Amamva bwino ndi chinyezi pamwamba 30%. Pukuta pokhapokha fumbi likamamera pazomera. | |
| Kuthirira | Ndi kuyanika pafupifupi magawo onse a dothi. Wongoletsani madziwo m'mphepete mwa mphikawo, osakhudza mcherewo. | Kuchepetsa pafupipafupi, moisturize osaposanso kamodzi pamasabata 2-4. |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Onjezani chisakanizo cha cacti ndi ma suppulents pansi masabata atatu aliwonse panthawi yomwe ikukula. | Palibe chifukwa. |
Thirani
Muyenera kufalitsa mbewu pachaka chilichonse, zikafika pazachilendo, kapena zaka 2-3 zilizonse posamalira achikulire akuluakulu. Gwiritsani ntchito osakaniza wamba, njira yakukonzekera idafotokozedwera pansipa. Ngati mizu yovunda idawonedwa pakukula, imafunika kudulidwa ndikumwazidwa phulusa, ndikuthanso makala owonongeka.
Mukamasintha mphika, gawo lapansi silingasinthidwe, koma onetsetsani kuti mwawonjezera zomwe zikusowa.
Dothi
Osakaniza ayenera kukhala ndi zigawo zotsatirazi poyerekeza 2: 3: 2: 1:
- humus;
- mchenga;
- munda wamunda;
- makala ophwanyika.
Ngati nthaka yamtunduwu ndizovuta kupeza, mutha kugula dothi lopangidwa kale ndi cacti kapena ma suppulents. M'munsi mumphika, ndikofunikira kupanga ngalande zabwino za masentimita asanu ndi atatu, zomwe sizingalole kuti madzi asungunuke.
Kuswana
Kuchita bwino kufalitsidwa ndi magawo ndi mbewu. Kwa oyambira m'munda wamaluwa, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyamba. Kuti muzuze mizu yodula, muyenera:
- Chepetsa pamwamba pa mphukira ndi rosette popanda kuwononga masamba.
- Finyani chitsamba chamalo m'malo mwa odulidwa ndi phulusa, kenako ndikuyika pamthunzi. Izi zimuteteza ku matenda ndi imfa panthawi yochira.
- Konzani chidebe ndi gawo la 2 mchenga ndi gawo limodzi tsamba humus. Pangani danga lokwanira.
- Bzalani mbeu imodzi imodzi. Madzi ochuluka, kupewa chinyezi pa tsinde lokha.
- Pukuta mokwanira ngati dothi lamtambo louma, likuyang'ana kuti amasulidwe kwamadzi ambiri. Pakatha milungu iwiri kuchokera pomwe mizu idamera, ndikusintha ndikudula munthaka.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu kuti duwa likhale lovuta. Zidutswa zingapo zimafunikira kukanikizidwa pang'ono mu dothi lokonzedwa (zigawo zomwe zimafanana ndi pamene zimafesedwa ndi odulidwa). Phimbani mphikawo ndi zojambulazo kapena malo pansi pake. Chotsani filimuyo tsiku ndi tsiku kuti mpweya wabwino uzitha, kuti zikumera zisawola, pukuta pansi pang'onopang'ono mfuti. Sungani kutentha kwa pafupifupi +20 ° C. Mbande pambuyo kuwonekera tsamba loyamba.
Mavuto a kukula kwa eonium
Popewa zovuta zomwe zili pamwambazi, ndikokwanira kutsatira malamulo osavuta osamalira pakhomo, komanso kuti tisayike mbewu zatsopano, zomwe mwina ndizopatsirana ndi tizirombo, pafupi ndi zokoma.
| Kudwala kapena vuto | Chifukwa | Njira Zothetsera |
| White sera wokutira, kukula kubwezeretsa, kuyanika masamba. | Gonjetsani mealybug chifukwa chogula dothi losauka kapena duwa latsopano. | Pakangowonongeka pang'ono, tsukani masamba ndi madzi a sopo kapena mowa wa ethyl. Bwerezani masiku anayi aliwonse mpaka vutoli litathetsedwe. Ndi kuchuluka kwa tizirombo, gwiritsani ntchito Karbofos malinga ndi malangizo. |
| Sinthani kugwada kwa zitsulo zofewa ndi masamba. Kufewetsa komanso kuthirira kwamasempha. | Mphepete mochedwa, imayamba chifukwa chothirira kwambiri kapena chinyezi chambiri. | Chotsani magawo owola. Ngati mizu yonse yakhudzidwa, ziberekeni pogwiritsa ntchito kudula kwapang'onopang'ono. |
| Kuwonongeka kwa utoto, kukula pang'onopang'ono, kugwedezeka kwamtundu wosapweteka. | Fusarium | Chitani ndi Bayleton, Fundazole kapena Maxim. Kuyika padera ndi mbewu zina muuma ndi kutentha. Kuyeretsa madera okhudzidwa. |
| Amabowola masamba amtundu wowala kapena wowuma, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono. | Anthrocnosis. | Pa gawo loyambirira la zotupa, idulani mawanga omwe amapanga ndi tsamba lakuthwa. Matendawa akakula kwambiri, mbewuyo imayenera kutayidwa. |
| Maonekedwe a bulauni m'chilimwe. | Kuwala kokwanira, kutentha kwa dzuwa. | Pukutirani kuchokera ku botolo lopopera, madzi, chotsani pazenera lakumwera kapena mthunzi. |
| Magulu ofooka ang'onoang'ono. | Kupanda malo amphika ndi michere. | Thirani, onjezerani chovala pamwamba pamtunda. |
| Kugwa kwa masamba. | M'nyengo yotentha kumakhala kusowa kwa magetsi, nthawi yozizira kumakhala chinyezi chambiri. | Sankhani kuthirira. Ikani poto pamalo. |
Mphamvu za machiritso a Eonium
Madzi a Eonium treelike ali ndi antiseptic ndi mabala ochiritsa. Imayendetsa njira za kukonzanso komanso imathandizira kupanga collagen, imawononga mabakiteriya okhala ndi tizilombo. Anthu okhala ku Morocco amagwiritsa ntchito izi pochiza:
- Glaucoma ndi amphaka. Njira yotheka ndi juwisi yochepa ya mbewu imayikidwa m'maso katatu patsiku mpaka itakula.
- Njira zotupa pakhungu, chimanga. Mabakiteriya ndi madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi mavutowa ndi mafuta othiridwa ndimafuta kapena madzi ndi kuwonjezera kwa mandimu. Njira yosavuta ndikukhazikitsa pepala ndikusintha ndi bandeji.
- Matenda azitsamba. Duwa limakhala ngati laphwaphala kapena ziphuphu.
- Matenda a shuga. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda ayenera kudya masamba awiri tsiku lililonse.
- Kulumwa ndi tizirombo. Akakumana ndi nkhupakupa, tiziromboti tating'ono kapena udzudzu, aeonium sikuti amangochotsa kuyungunuka ndi kufiyira, komanso kupewa matenda a bala.
Simungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala achikhalidwe popanda kufunsa dokotala. Zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto osayembekezereka kapena magwiridwe antchito. Pazachipatala zaku Europe ndi cosmetology, zithandizo zamankhwala sizinaphunzire.
