Araucaria - mbewu yobiriwira, yolimbitsa thupi, yodziyimira bwino, ndi ya banja la Araucaria. Kwawo ndi Australia, America, New Guinea.
Kufotokozera
Araucaria ndi mtengo wamtali, pali mitundu mpaka 100 metres. Thunthu lake limakhala lolunjika ndi khungwa lolimba. Masamba ofiirira ndi osalala komanso olimba kwambiri, ozungulira amapezeka panthambi.
Korona amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: mawonekedwe ambulera komanso ozungulira. Zida zazikulu zikuwoneka panthambi.
Mtengowu ndi wamitundu iwiri: ma cones amphongo ndi amtali, ndipo ma cones achikazi ndi ozungulira.
Mitundu ya m'nyumba ya Araucaria
Araucaria ali ndi mitundu ingapo m'nyumba yoyenera kulima bwino m'nyumba.
| Onani | Kufotokozera |
| Wachibrazil (wopanikizika-pang'ono) | Thunthu lake limakhala 60 cm, nthambi zimamera molunjika. Singano amagawidwa mowolowa manja panthambi, zofewa. Crohn ndiwokongola kwambiri. Imatsuka mlengalenga. Mtengo wake ndi pafupifupi ma ruble 1500. |
| Columnar | Mtengo wamtali kwambiri, mpaka ma 50. Masamba a mtundu wowala wobiriwira, wopezeka pamitengo yopachika, mpaka 5 cm. |
| Araucaria multifolia (Norfolk, Heterophyllus) | Mtengo wamtali kwambiri, mpaka 70 m. Pyramidal ndi korona wopapatiza. Nthambi ndizifupi. |
| Araucaria waku Chile | Kutalika mpaka 60 m, girth ili pafupi mamita 2. Nthambi zimakanikizidwa mwamphamvu motsutsana ndi masamba olimba kwambiri-singano zamtundu wobiriwira wakuda. Pyramidal wa Crohn. |
| Araucaria Bidville (Bunia) | Wampanda-piramidi mawonekedwe ndi yopingasa nthambi. Singano ndiobiriwira wakuda bii, ma cones ndi akulu kwambiri. Chomera sichikhala chamtundu wokongola, koma ndichoperewera, chifukwa chake chimakula bwino ku Russia. |
Araucaria nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nyimbo za bonsai. Chomera chimapangidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, chimachepetsedwa kukula kwake kwa zaka makumi, chifukwa chake, mtengo wokhala ndi kutalika kwa 30 cm umapezeka.
Kusamalira Panyumba
Araucaria ndi mbadwa yaku maiko akumwera komanso kotentha, kotentha kwambiri, koma izi sizitanthauza kuti malo otentha azayenera kupanga chipindacho. Mukamachoka kunyumba, muyenera kuganizira kuti amakonda kwambiri zipinda komanso mpweya wabwino.
Araucaria amakonda nyengo yotentha, kuwala kuyenera kusinthidwa, ndipo mpweya umakhala wozizira. Mitengo ya spruce yaying'ono kwambiri imakulidwa mu chipinda, sangathe kulekerera kuwala kowonekera, mwachilengedwe amakula mumthunzi. Zamoyo zamkati zamkati sizimaphuka, ma cone okha amapangidwa.
| Nyengo / Paramu | Zowunikira / Malo | Kutentha | Chinyezi |
| Kasupe | Ikani malo ndi kuwala kosalala koma kowala. Kumbali yakumwera kuli mthunzi. | Zikhale ozizira mozungulira + 20 ° C. | Mkulu, woposa 60%. Nthawi zonse muzithira kapena kuthira dongo lokhathamiralo mumphika ndikumunyowetsa nthawi zonse. |
| Chilimwe | Zoyenera kukula pa loggia. Ikani mthunzi pang'ono kapena malo okhala ndi kuwala. Ngati ndi kotheka, pitani kumunda. | Samalekerera kutentha. Optimum - kuyambira + 21 ° C mpaka + 25 ° C. | Utsi pafupipafupi. |
| Wagwa | Penumbra kapena kuwala kozungulira. Kumbali yakumpoto, nthawi zonse muzizungulire chomeracho mosiyanasiyana kuti chisagwire mbali imodzi. | Zapakati - + 20 ° C. | Khalani okwera, chifukwa mpweya wouma ndi woipa. Utsi kawiri pa tsiku. |
| Zima | Kuwala kowala ndi kosasangalatsa, kapena mderalo. | Tetezani ku zolemba. Osachepera kuposa + 15 ° C. | Kukwirira kwakukulu, pafupipafupi kumafunikira. Khalani kutali ndi batri. Utsi m'mawa ndi madzulo. |
| Nyengo / Paramu | Kuthirira | Mavalidwe apamwamba |
| Kasupe | Dothi likauma. Ngati dothi lonyowa, ingonunulani mbewuyo ndi madzi. | Kamodzi masabata atatu aliwonse osakanikirana ndi ma conifers. |
| Chilimwe | Simungathe kudzaza chomera, koma ndikofunikira kuti nthaka ikhale yonyowa, mutha kuthira dongo lokhathamira pamwamba ndikuwanyowetsa nthawi zonse. | Za feteleza kamodzi pakatha masabata atatu. |
| Wagwa | Dothi likauma. | Zosafunika. |
| Zima | Kuchepetsa. |
Kusankha kwa mphika, dothi, kufalikira
Mphika umafunikiradi kukhala wamkulu ndi malo otetemera, makamaka a ceramic. Iyenera kukhala ndi mabowo okhetsa. Mapaimidwe ndizovomerezeka kuti mizu yake isavunde.
Dothi liyenera kukhala lachonde komanso lotayirira, limayendetsa mpweya ndi michere. Mutha kugula osakaniza opangidwa ndi dziko lapansi kapena muzipanga nokha.
Chodabwitsa cha araucaria ndikuti sichilola kuti anthu azisinthidwa. Mitengo yaying'ono ya Khrisimasi imakula bwino mumphika umodzi mpaka zaka 6, mbewu zachikulire zimasinthidwa kamodzi pachaka 4. Kubala kumachitika kumapeto kwa masika.
Ndondomeko-ya-pang'onopang'ono:
- Thirani ngalande ndi dothi mumphika.
- Vula mbewuyo ndi chomera chadothi mumphika watsopano ndikuwaza ndi dothi.
- Simungathe kukhudza kapena kusokoneza mizu, apo ayi spruce adzafa.
Kudulira chomera ndikupanga bonsai
Zamoyo zamkati sizifuna kudulira. Mu mitengo ya spruce wamkulu, nthambi zochepetsedwa zimatha kudulidwa. Popewa matenda ndi matenda, mmera uyenera kuthandizidwa ndi sulufule.
Mapangidwe a bonsai ndi awa:
- Kuti apange mawonekedwe osangalatsa mu kasupe, korona amakonzedwa mu araucaria. Dulani nthambi zowonjezera zomwe sizigwira mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna.
- M'mwezi wa Meyi, kupendekera kapena kudina pang'ono kwa mphukira zachinyamata kumachitika kuti kufupikitse.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito waya wosavuta, pangani thunthu ndi nthambi. Itha kusiyidwa kwa miyezi 3-4, kenako ndikuchotsedwa.
Kuswana
Kubadwanso kwa araucaria kumachitika m'njira ziwiri:
- Mbewu. Nyumba zimabzalidwa m'nthaka ndi peat ndi humus. Dziko lapansi limamwetsedwa ndikuyika malo otentha. Mphukira zoyambirira zidzawonekera mu miyezi ingapo.
- Kudula. Kwa odulidwa, mphukira zapamwamba kuchokera kumtengo waukulu ndizoyenera. Anabzala mu April. Amadula zouma ndikuthandizidwa ndi muzu. Mutabzala pansi ndi peat ndi mchenga, Kutenthetsa nthaka. Kudulira kulikonse kumafunikira mphamvu yake, yonseyo imakutidwa ndi filimu. Muzu wa pafupifupi miyezi iwiri, ndiye kuti mutha kusinthana mumphika wokhazikika.
Kulakwitsa posamalira ndi kuchotsedwa kwawo
| Zolakwika | Zifukwa | Kuthetsa |
| Woonda. | Palibe michere yokwanira. | Munthawi yogwira ntchito, idyani ndi feteleza. |
| Masamba amagwa, owuma ndikutembenukira chikasu. |
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| Nthambi zayamba. |
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| Mtengo sukula. | Wochulukitsa feteleza ndi calcium kwambiri kuti adyetse. | Ikani chomera mu dothi latsopano ndikusankha feteleza wina. |
| Zomera zamwalira. |
| Pewani izi. |
| Singano zadetsedwa, nthambi ziume. | Dongosolo lamizu lawonongeka. |
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Matenda, tizirombo ndi njira zochitira nawo
| Tizilombo / Matenda | Njira zolimbana | Menyani | Kupewa |
| Ma nsabwe | Pamasamba, ma punctures ochokera ku tizirombo touluka amawoneka, chifukwa amadya msuzi wa Araucaria. | Spray ndi mankhwala atizilombo: Actellik, Intavir. | Mutha kuyika Pelargonium pafupi ndi iye, kupanga kwake kosasunthika kungawopsyeze tizilombo, nsabwe za m'masamba zimatha kutsukidwa ndi madzi. |
| Mealybug | Duwa limafota, nthambi zimafota. | Sambani tizilombo ndi madzi amchere. | |
| Spider mite | Chomera chimasanduka chikasu ndi kupsya, kangaude umaonekera pamasamba. | Tsukani mbewuyo mu bafa, pukuta masamba ndi sopo ndi madzi. | |
| Chlorosis | Mphukira zazing'ono zimataya masanjidwe amtundu wa masamba, akulu - atembenukira chikasu. | Ikani araucaria pamalo omwe mulibe zokonzekera, onjezani kutentha m'chipindacho ndi madzi atangomira nthaka. Manyowa. | Pewani nthaka komanso kuthilira kwamadzi nthaka. |
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala kumeneko amadziwitsa: Araucaria - ipindule kapena ivulaze
Zomera zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri. Zimatha kudzutsa chidaliro, zimakwiyitsa anthu kukhala achangu. Komanso, zomwe akuchita ndi zabwino komanso zoipa. Araucaria imakulitsa mphamvu m'nyumba, ngakhale ikhale yotani. Pali chisonyezo chakuti mbewu yomwe ili mnyumba imayendetsa zodzitchinjiriza, imapereka mtendere ndi bata kwa iwo omwe akukhalamo.
Katundu wopindulitsa wa spruce ndikuti amatha kunyowetsa ndikuyeretsa mpweya. Anthu okhala ndi matenda oopsa sayenera kusungidwa m'nyumba zawo. Ndipo kwa iwo omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, m'malo mwake, ndikofunikira, koma simungathe kuyiyika m'chipinda chotsitsira.
