Magonia ndi chitsamba chobiriwira kapena mtengo wa barberry. Imapezeka ku East ndi Central Asia, North America. Chomera chimatchedwa B. MacMahon. Adasunthira kumadzulo kwa United States kupita kummawa. Mitundu imakhala ndi mitundu 50. Magnolia holly ndi awo. Amatchedwa "Oregon Mphesa".
Kufotokozera
Magonia imalekerera chilala bwino, ili ndi chisanu osaloledwa, kulolerana kwa mthunzi. Sikufunikira panthaka ndipo imatha kuzika mizu pafupifupi chilichonse. Amasiyana zipatso zokoma, zomwe kuwonjezera apo zimakhala ndi mankhwala.
Magonia imakhala ndi mphukira za imvi kapena zofiirira. Masamba ake ndi achikopa, zobiriwira zakuda. Mu Epulo-Meyi, masamba amtundu wachikasu amawonekera. Maluwa amatenga masiku makumi awiri kapena atatu. Kuchokera pamtundu wobiriwira, pafupifupi zipatso zakuda (zipatso zokoma ndi zowawasa), confectionery, vinyo amapangidwa. Chifukwa chake, funso ndikuti kodi ndiabwino kapena ayi. Kucha ndi kututa kumachitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena kuyamba kwa yophukira.
Maonedwe apanjira yapakati
Mitundu yotsatirayi ya mahonia ndiyotchuka m'dera lathu:
- Holly-leaved: chitsamba, chofikira mita imodzi ndi theka, kutalika - mita imodzi. Amasiyanasiyana mizere yaconde.
- Chokwawa: Chitsamba choyala chomwe chikukula mpaka 60 cm. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphimba pansi, kupanga zokongoletsera zamiyala yamiyala.
- ChiJapanese: kutalika kumafika mamita awiri, m'lifupi - atatu. Kutalika kwa pepala lamapulogalamu kukufika masentimita 30. Ali ndi zodula zofiira.
Nthawi zambiri, mwa mitundu iyi ku Russia, mutha kupeza holly magonia. Imayamikiridwa ndi zipatso zake. Osagwirizana ndi kutentha kochepa, amatha kupirira chisanu mpaka -30 ° C.
Kunja kofikira
Kuti matsenga azizika mizu ndi kubala zipatso, kubzala poyera kuyenera kuchitika malinga ndi malamulo onse. Udindo wofunikira umaseweredwa ndi kusankha malo.
Madeti, malo, dothi
Kubala kumachitika kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pomwe chisanu chidzasungunuka mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri imatengedwa kuti ndi Marichi 1-15.
Zomera zimamera bwino m'malo otentha komanso dzuwa. Komabe, amafunika penumbra yaying'ono kwa maola angapo patsiku. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino ngati mitengo yayitali ilipo pafupi yomwe imatchinga dzuwa. Malowa amafunika kuti asankhidwe otetezedwa ku zojambula ndi mphepo zamkuntho.
Mthunzi wambiri umakhudza magoni moyipa: zipatso zimayamba kuchuluka, kuchuluka kwake kumachepa. Kuwonekera nthawi yayitali dzuwa litayatsa zobiriwira za mtengowo.
Imakhala mizu m'nthaka iliyonse. Koma ndikwabwino kuti ndikusintha toyesa tating'onoting'ono tokha pansi ndikukhala ndi humus yambiri. Dzenje lakufikira limakutidwa ndi dothi losakanikirana la sod ndi humus muyezo wa 1 mpaka 2.
Malamulo, pang'onopang'ono Kufotokozera kwa kubzala kwa mahonia
Kuyika ndi motere:
- Konzani dzenje katatu pamphindi. Kuzama kwa dzenje ndi masentimita 50-60.
- Dzazani pansi pa dzenjelo ndi chisakanizo cha humus, dothi lamunda ndi mchenga.
- Ikani mmera mu dzenje moongoka. Ndi chitseko chotsekedwa, ndikofunikira kuti musawononge mtanda wa dothi. Ndi gawo lotseguka, kuwongola.
- Finyani dzenjelo ndi dothi lonse, osasamba kwambiri.
- Madzi, kuwonetsetsa kuti dziko lapansi limakhalabe lanyowa.
- Chozungulira kuzungulira mulch.
- Mukathirira madzi nthaka ikamuma.
Malamulo omwe akuyenera kuwunikidwa pakukoka:
- Khosi la mmera lili pamlingo wofanana ndi musanabzale, kapena masentimita awiri kapena atatu kutsika.
- Ngati madzi akungofika pamalopo, dothi lofunikanso ndikofunikira: tsanulirani zidutswa za njerwa kapena miyala yotalika zisanu ndi zitatu mpaka khumi pansi penipeni. Izi zitha kupewa kuwola kwa mizu, kukonza njira yamasamba.
- Zomera zikamera m'magulu, mtunda pakati pawo uzikhala mita.
Magonia imazika mizu panja. Ngati kutsata kumachitika molingana ndi malamulo onse ndi malingaliro, kupititsa patsogolo chisamaliro sikubweretsa mavuto ambiri. Kuyika sikumabweretsa chomera.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Kuthira mbewu ndikulimbikitsidwa kamodzi pachaka. Kudyetsa koyamba kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe. Zosakanikirana ndi nayitrogeni zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Feteleza ngati amenewa amathandizira kuti masamba awonjezeke mofulumira. Nthawi yachiwiri yomwe amadya nthawi yamaluwa. Feteleza ophatikizira am'mimbamo amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kudulira
Magonia amalekerera bwino. Koma simungadule nthambi zazifupi kwambiri: chomera chimasiya kuphukira. Mutha kupanga chomera mutatha maluwa. Ndikosatheka kudula nthambi ndi mazira, zipatso zimawoneka. Masamba a maluwa amawonekera pokha pa nthambi zingapo. Kukolola chaka chamawa, amatha kudula pakati.
Kuswana
Chomera chimagwidwa ndi kudulidwa, muzu ndikuwombera kapena kuyala, mbewu. Njira yotsatirayi ndiyotchuka chifukwa cha zovuta:
- kufunikira kwa kuyambira: (kuwotcha mbewu);
- Zofanizira zambiri ndizowoneka wosakanizidwa: mwayi wokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana wamankhwala umachepetsedwa;
- mbande zimamera kwa nthawi yayitali;
- maluwa patatha zaka zitatu zokha mutabzala.
Ndi njira zina zitatu zoberekera, zovuta izi palibe. Kulima mahoni mwapang'onopang'ono
- Zomwe zimapangidwa mwatsopano zimadulidwa ndi masamba a 6 mu masika kapena nthawi yophukira.
- Zodulidwa zimachiritsidwa ndi Kornevin, zoyikidwa m'nthaka ziwiri zakuya.
- Mizu yoyenera iyenera kukhala yotentha, ndipo pamwamba pamakhala ozizira. Nthawi zambiri chidebe chokhala ndi mbande chimayikidwa pafupi ndi batire, amadyera amapezeka pamwamba pazenera.
Zoyikika zimafunikira kuti zikanikizidwe pansi kumapeto. Amalekanitsidwa ndi chomera chakugwa. Chiwonetsero cha mbande zapamwamba ndizapamwamba kuposa momwe zimalimidwa ndi odulidwa. Mphukira yodzala ndi yabwino kwambiri kuswana pazinthu.
Kutentha nthawi yozizira kudera la Moscow ndi madera ena
Magonia imalekerera kutentha pang'ono. Tchire tating'onoting'ono tomwe tomwe tidabzala zaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri zapitazo tiyenera kukonzekera nthawi yozizira. Zimachitika motere:
- M'mwezi wa Okutobala, mizu yake imakhala yoluka. Khosi ndi thunthu lozungulira lakutidwa ndi dziko lapansi (kutalika kwake, kwabwinoko).
- Mulch ndi udzu, utuchi, udzu. Pansi pa chitsamba laphimbidwa ndi nthambi za mitengo yazipatso. Izi zikuthandizira kupewa kuzizira kwa rhizome.
- Nthambi za mahonia zimateteza mwa kugona ndi chisanu. Ndizosankha, koma zimathandiza nthawi yozizira.
Nthambi za mulch ndi spruce zimachotsedwa pomwe chisanu chimasungunuka. Izi ndizofunikira kuti dziko lizitentha. Dothi lozungulira chomera limagwidwa.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Chomera sichimakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo komanso matenda. Nthawi zina pa mahonia amapezeka:
- Powdery Mildew Masamba oyera amawoneka pamwamba pa tsamba, omwe patapita nthawi amapitilira gawo lonse la mlengalenga. Ngati mungayang'anire bwino mbeu yanu, mutha kuwona ma bulu, zopindika za ubweya wa thonje. Powdery mildew imawononga mawonekedwe a mahonia, koma samatsogolera pakufa kwake. Mutha kuthana ndi matendawa mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi Fundazol, Topsin-M, Karatan. Kubera kumachitika kamodzi patsiku kwa masiku 10-12.
- Dzimbiri. Mapulogalamu amitundu yayitali ndi mawonekedwe amapangidwa. Ngati mapangidwe ake awonongeka, ufa wa "dzimbiri" wokhala ndi mafangayi umawonekera. Kuchokera ku pathology, njira za fungicide zimathandiza: Tsineb, Abiga-Peak, Bayleton, Oksikhom.
- Phyllosticosis ndi chotupa chotupa chomwe chimayambitsa kupanga kwa mawanga akulu pa masamba. Pamwamba pamipanda, palcnidia amawoneka. Pazaka zambiri, bowa amapatsa mibadwo ingapo. Chomera chimataya mawonekedwe ake okongoletsa. Zomera zimagwera isanachitike. Maluwa ndi zipatso zikukula. Kuti mutayike mu April, masamba omwe akhudzidwa amasonkhanitsidwa ndikuwonongeka. Magonium imachizidwa ndi Oxychome, Kaptan kapena Phthalan lisanayambike kuyamwa.
- Stagonosporosis. Amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a mawanga owoneka ndi malire pozungulira m'mbali mwa masamba. Pamwamba pa mawonekedwe ozungulira ma pycnids. Magonia amafota ndikufa. Mankhwalawa ndiwofanana ndi phylostictosis.
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala anati: mahonia - kukongola ndi zabwino
Magonia wakula kuti azikongoletsa ziwembu. Chitsamba chimakhala chokongoletsera bwino chaka chonse. Chomera chimalekerera kuipitsidwa kwa gasi, utsi.
M'mawonekedwe, mahonia amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana chifukwa chachilengedwe:
- anabzala pafupi ndi nyumba;
- kongoletsa malo otsetsereka;
- azikongoletsa kapinga, mabwalo, mapaki, mabwalo;
- pangani mipanda, malire;
- gwirizanitsani zitsamba za mapiri;
- anabzala m'misewu yayikulu, misewu.
Chitsamba chimayenda bwino ndi mbewu zina. Mwachitsanzo, ndi magnolia, begonia. Magonia nthawi zambiri imabzalidwa pamiyala yamiyala, kotero imawoneka yokongola kwambiri.
Zipatso za mbewu zimadyedwa. Kwa nthawi yozizira, zipatsozi ndizouma kapena nthaka ndi shuga. Amapanga zophika, zoteteza, mbatata zosenda, marmalade, ndi compote. Komanso zipatso za mahonia ndi utoto wachilengedwe.
Rhizome imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ena, monga momwe imapangidwira ndi ascorbic acid, tannins, acid ndi alkaloids. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kameneka, njira zochokera ku mahonia zimapereka njira zotsatirazi zochizira:
- zimamveka thupi, zimachulukitsa chitetezo;
- khalani ndi chidwi;
- kupewa kukalamba;
- limbitsa makoma a mtima, kusintha magazi;
- Chotsani zotsatirapo zoyipa zamagetsi;
- Kuthandizira ndi pathological zikhalidwe zamkati: cholecystitis, hepatitis, dysbiosis;
- kuwononga tizilombo tating'onoting'ono;
- thandizitsani zotupa, ma herpes, chikanga, Psoriasis;
- chepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi lipids, zimathandizira pakupanga insulin (izi ndi zabwino kwa shuga).
Ngakhale pali zambiri zothandiza pamtunda, mbewuyi imaphatikizanso ndi zotsutsana:
- tsankho kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu;
- nthawi ya pakati ndi hepatitis B;
- zaka za ana.
Malonda opangidwa ndi Magonium ali ndi zolephera zina zambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito kwawo. Asanagwiritse ntchito, kufunsira kwa dokotala kumafunika.
