Kubzala yamatcheri mu yophukira: malangizo a pang'onopang'ono

Kubzala yamatcheri, monga lamulo, ikuchitika mu Okutobala. Komabe, posankha nthawi, ndibwino kungoyang'ana momwe nyengo iliri komanso nyengo, ikamatera imachitika pa kutentha mpaka + 13 ° C.

Izi zisanachitike, feteleza wa potashi kapena phosphorous amawonjezeredwa. Kwa nthawi yozizira, mbande zazing'ono zimakutidwa ndi zida zapadera kuti ziziteteza ku mbewa.

Zambiri zamatcheri omwe akukula

Sikovuta kubzala yamatcheri, koma pali mawonekedwe omwe zipatso ndi kukula bwino ndikukula kumadalira:

• mbande zimagulidwa m'magulu azaka zapadera, makamaka zaka zitatu (mitengo yotsika 70-90 cm);
• sankhani mitengo yokhala ndi mizu yopangidwa mwaluso, makungwa ooneka bwino amtundu wa bulauni;
• malo obzala amasankhidwa amatetezedwa pamadzi ndi pansi.

Madeti ndi mitundu yamagawo osiyanasiyana aku Russia

Pakati pa Russia ndi dera la Moscow, yamatcheri amabzala masamba atatha masamba mpaka kumapeto kwa Okutobala. M'madera ozizira komanso ozizira a Urals ndi Siberia, kubzala kumachitika kumapeto kwa masika, ndiye kuti zodulidwazo zimakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira kuti zigwirizane ndi kuzizira kwa nthawi yophukira kuti zikule bwino komanso kuti zimere. Zabwino kwambiri mwezi ndi Meyi komanso kumapeto kwa Epulo.

Madera akumwera, monga Krasnodar Territory, Rostov Region, Volgograd, mtengo umabzalidwa kuyambira Okutobala mpaka kumapeto kwa Novembala.

M'madera ozizira, mbande zosagwira chisanu kwambiri zimasankhidwa, monga: Zhelannaya, Altai koyambirira 2, Kristina. Kwa Dera la Moscow, iwo omwe amalola chisanu ndikuwukira, atenga mizu Apukhtinskaya, Turgenevka, Lyubskaya.

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ku Russia:

• Morozovka ndi zokoma zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimacha mu June.
• Turgenevka - zosagwira chisanu, ndizabwino kututa nyengo yachisanu.
• Shpanka sagwidwa ndi matenda, nthawi yozizira kwambiri, zipatso sizisungidwa kwanthawi yayitali.
• Zhukovskaya - wakucha mochedwa ndipo ali ndi zipatso zazikulu.
• Msonkhano sugonjetsedwa ndi chisanu.
• Ochulukirapo - zipatso zowawasa, zimapereka zokolola zambiri.
• Lyubskaya - salola kuzizira, koma imapereka zipatso zambiri.

Zambiri ndi zovuta zakudzala kwa yophukira

Ubwino wobzala yamatcheri m'dzinja:

1. Zobzala zosiyanasiyana. M'mazamba onse a yophukira, kusankha kwakukulu kwa mbande yokhala ndi mizu yotseguka.
2. Mulingo wabwino wopulumuka. Mu nthawi yophukira, kutentha kwakukulu kwa kubzala kumakhazikitsidwa, popeza nthawi ino chitumbuwa chimalimbitsa mizu.
3. Sungani nthawi kumapeto. Mutha kusamalira zikhalidwe zina.
4. Kusamalira kosavuta. Mvula idzapereka mmera ndi chinyezi chofunikira.

Pa zovuta zomwe muyenera kudziwa:

1. Kutsika kwambiri kwa kutentha, monga lamulo, kumakhudza mizu, kotero ndi chisanu choyambirira, mmera umatha kufa.
2. M'dzinja, makoswe amagwira ntchito kwambiri, choncho muyenera kuteteza mtengowo ndi zida zapadera zokutira.

Ngati masiku ofikira afunika, tsatirani izi:

• m'munda wamtunduwo amakumba dzenje lalitali pansi pa mizu;
• njira zimayikidwa mu ngalawo ndipo zimakhazikika pakona pachimake;
• mizu yokutidwa ndi lapansi ndi wosanjikiza 10 cm;
• kuthirira ndi zidebe ziwiri zamadzi ndikuphimbidwa ndi nthambi za spruce kuchokera ku tizirombo.

Chipale chofewa pamtengo sichikhala chopanda masentimita 30, mwinanso mizu imayamba kuyimba.

Kusankha malo okhala

Cherry amakonda dzuwa, motero amalibzala m'malo abwino. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuwala kwa dzuwa pazomwe zimapangidwa. Zoyenera, ngati chitumbuwa chimakhalabe pansi pa cheza kuyambira m'mawa mpaka madzulo. Malowo amafikira kuti azitetezedwa ku zojambula ndi mphepo zamphamvu, chifukwa chomeracho chimakhala chodukaduka ndikuthyoledwa. Ngati palibe malo otsekedwa, ndiye kuti mumange chitetezo ku mphepo.
Samasankha malo pafupi ndi mitengo yanthambi komanso malo otsika.

Chomera chimabzalidwa kamodzi kokha, chifukwatu sichilola kuti cholozetsedwe kupita kumalo atsopano.

Madzi apansi ali ndi vuto pakukula kwa chitumbuwa; ayenera kumadutsa mita imodzi ndi theka mpaka mita awiri.

Mukabzala pafupi ndi tchire la zipatso, mtengowo sukula bwino, pomwe nthambi za mbewu zimadyana ndipo pang'onopang'ono zimafa. Cherry amakhala pamodzi bwino mmunda pafupi ndi mtengo wa apulo, maula, mphesa ndi jamu. Omwe sakufunikira ndi awa: pichesi, apricot, walnut, blackcurrant.

Dothi

Dothi la mtengowo liyenera kukhala lachonde, lamchenga kapena lothira. Zomwe zimachitikirazi sizitenga nawo mbali kapena pang'ono zamchere. Acidity ya dziko lapansi ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe limalipira chidwi usanabzidwe, chifukwa chake, ngati ndizosiyana pamalopo, ndiye kuti zimasinthidwa ndi zigawo zapadera. Dothi la Acidic limasungidwa ndi choko kapena miyala ya miyala. Dothi louma limapewedwanso;

Kukonzekera ndi kubzala mbande

Prerequisites musanadzalemo mmera:

• Yang'anani mphukirayo kuti iwononge, imadula komanso ikuphwanya mizu ndi tsinde. Masamba amachotsedwa, chifukwa chomwe madziwo amasuluka.
• Mizu youma imamizidwa m'madzi kwa theka la tsiku mpaka khosi la mizu.
• Ikani mizu mu heteroausin yankho.

Malangizo oyenda

Konzani dothi pasadakhale: kutsanulira laimu ndi kukumba pansi. Feteleza umayikidwa (pa 1 sq.m: manyowa - 10 makilogalamu, superphosphate - 60 g, potaziyamu mankhwala enaake - 30 g). Palibe ayi omwe miyala yamiyala ndi organic imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi.

Malangizo a pang'onopang'ono otulutsidwa:

1. Khazikitsani mtengo pafupi ndi mamita awiri mbali yakumpoto, yokumbidwa pansi pa mmera wa dzenje.
2. Pangani phirili kuchokera panthaka yachonde.
3. Gawani mizu padziko lapansi.
4. Amagona ndikugaya dothi pafupi ndi thunthu, ndikuonetsetsa kuti khosi la mizu ndi 4 cm pamwamba pamtunda.
5. Madzi okwanira ndowa zitatu zamadzi.

Kusamalira Kunja

Kukula koyenera, kukula ndi zipatso, yamatcheri amasamaliridwa.

Zida zakuthirira

Tsinde lapansi limathiridwa kuzungulira thunthu pafupi 25 cm kulowa mmbewu, ndipo zidebe pafupifupi 2 zimatsanulidwa pang'onopang'ono m'dzenje ili. Mutatha kuyamwa chinyezi, mulch lapansi padzinde pamtengo. Pambuyo pa chitumbuwa chimathiriridwa ngati pakufunika.

Feteleza

Kuti chitumbuwa chimakula bwino panthaka, feteleza umayikidwa. Sachita izi kwa zaka ziwiri zoyambirira. Ndipo kuyambira chaka chachitatu mpaka maluwa oyamba, umuna wa nayitrogeni umayambitsidwa. Njira yabwino ndiyo kuthira madzi. Maluwa atangotulutsa maluwa, amadya ndi humus, kompositi. M'dzinja amagwiritsa ntchito chinthu chilichonse chamoyo. M'dzinja, feteleza wa potaziyamu-phosphorous, mwachitsanzo, potaziyamu ya monophosphate, ndi yoyenera.

Kudulira

Dulani mmera mutabzala. Kuchokera pansi mpaka nthambi yoyamba ikhale 50 cm ya thunthu lopanda kanthu, ena onse - odulidwa. Nthambi 6 zokha zolimba zimatsalira pakatikati pa thunthu - ndiye korona wamkulu wa mbewu. Nthambi izi zimafupikitsidwa ndi pafupifupi masentimita 7. Zina zimadulidwa kuti ziro, ku hemp pa thunthu, magawo amadzola mafuta ndi var var.

Kupangidwe kwa korona ndi motere:

1. Yambani kumayambiriro kwamasamba, ndikudulira wophukira wazaka 80 cm. Ili ndiye gawo loyamba la nthambi.
2. Chaka chamawa, wowongolera wapakati amadulidwa kuchokera ku nthambi yayitali kwambiri kupita pamlingo woyamba ndi 80. Uwu ukhala gawo lachiwiri lokhala ndi nthambi zitatu m'mbali mwa mtengowo.
3. Korona ikapangidwa, chitumbuwacho chimakhala chocheperako mpaka mamita 2.5. Pafupipafupi kupatulira nthambi.

Kuswana

Njira ya Cherenkov:

1. Pafupifupi wazaka ziwiri pafupi ndi mizu yolimba amaikidwa pafupi ndi mtengo wa mayiyo.
2. Pafupi ndi mizu, phesi satengedwa, apo ayi mizu ya mtengo wamayiyo iwonongeka. Mukadula muzu wolumikiza mphukira ndi mtengo wa chiberekero. Mu kasupe, izi zimasinthidwa kupita kumalo atsopano.

Njira yofalitsira mafupa:

1. Mafupa atsopano amakhala owuma ndikuyika m'madzi kwa maola angapo. Mbewu zomwe zamira pansi ndizoyenera kubzala, ndipo mbewu zoyandama zimachotsedwa.
2. Yoyamba imayikidwa mumtsuko ndi mchenga ndi madzi ndikusiyidwa m'malo owuma mpaka nyengo yofunda, kunyowa ndi udzu ngati pakufunika.
3. Amadyetsedwa pang'ono ndi feteleza (superphosphate, potaziyamu calcium).
4. Kwa nthawi yozizira, mbande zimakutidwa ndi zojambulazo ndikusiyidwa m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba kapena pena pena pouma.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo

Olima maluwa a Novice nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa zomwe zimavulaza chitumbuwa ndikuwononga kukula kwake ndi zipatso zake. Zoyipa zazikulu:

1. Dzenje lomwe silinakonzekere pasadakhale, kotero kuti khosi la mizu limapita mwakuya pansi, zomwe zimakhudza kukula kwa mtengowo.
2. Amapanga feteleza wambiri, yemwe amakhudza kwambiri mizu yake.
3. Gulani mmera wamkulu kuposa zaka zitatu, chifukwa cha izi, chitumbuwa chimatha nthawi yayitali m'malo atsopano.
4. Mtengo sunabzalidwe pa nthawi yake, womwe umakhala chifukwa chofala.
5. Pezani mmera kuchokera mmanja, koma osati m'malo okuberekeramo momwe khalidwe limatsimikiziridwa.

Matenda, tizirombo

Kuteteza kwa dzinja

M'nyengo yozizira, tetezani mtengowo ku makoswe ndi kuzizira. Thunthu lake limakulungidwa ndi zida. Pofika kumapeto, kuphatikiza pa mbewa, mtengowo umakutidwa ndi nthambi zamiyala.

M'nyengo yozizira, chipale chofewa chimakumbidwa m'njira yoyenera mpaka dzenje kuti litenthe. Kumayambiriro koyambirira, chitetezo chonse chimachotsedwa ndipo nthaka imamasulidwa.