Chapakatikati kuti dimba likhala ndi maluwa ambiri masamba, ndibwino kubzala tulips mu kugwa. Kuphatikiza apo, sizofunikira kukhala katswiri wa maluwa, ndikokwanira kungoganizira malamulo ena obzala ndi kusamalira mbewu.
Kunja kofikira
Monga ma hyacinths, maluwa, daffodils ndi zina zambiri bulb, tulips amabzalidwa yophukira. Zobzalidwa panthawiyi, zimakumana ndi mtundu wozizira, kuzika mizu ndikuzolowera chilengedwe.
Kuphatikiza apo, pali magawo abwino a kutentha, chinyezi ndi kulima, omwe akuyenera kutsatiridwa mukabzala. Zotsatira zake zidzakhala mawonekedwe oyenera a mawonekedwe olondola omwe ali ndi masamba owala. Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, ndiye kuti maluwa ake ayambira kale, ndipo akhala nthawi yayitali.
Kusankhidwa kwa mbewu ndi kukonzekera
Mutha kupeza zofunika kubzala mu imodzi mwanjira zingapo:
- Pezani mizu pachaka chaka chilichonse mukangotulutsa maluwa. Izi zimapewa kuzama kwambiri komanso kupera. Sungani kutentha kwa kusunga ma tuber osachepera + 25ºะก, komwe ndikofunikira kuti pakhale mivi yathunthu ya maluwa.
- Gulani zatsopano. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuwunika kukhulupirika kwawo, kusapezeka kwa zosafunikira, kuwola ndi zizindikiro zina zamatendawa. Iyenera yokutidwa ndi mankhusu a bulauni, omwe amateteza mbewu kuti zisawonongeke. Kuphatikiza apo, mmera wathanzi, munthawi yomwe musanabzale, masamba okhaokha amawoneka pang'ono, ndipo gawo laudzu ndi lowuma, lolimba komanso lopanda mizu.
Mulimonsemo, ndikofunikira kubzala mababu athunthu, ndipo ndibwino kuti akhale ndi kukula kokwanira, pafupifupi masentimita 3-5. Zing'onozing'ono sizimapereka mtundu, ndipo zazikulu zimapangidwa kuti muzilima zopanda nyengo panyumba.
Ndikofunikanso kuwakonzekeretsa kuti abzalire m'munda wamaluwa. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito njira ya 0,5% ya potaziyamu permanganate kapena mankhwala ena apadera, monga Fitosporin, momwe tuber imayikidwa kwakanthawi kochepa. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse mabakiteriya omwe angayambitse matendawa mchomera, ndipo athetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda momwe tingathere.
Nthawi yayitali
Payokha, ndikofunikira kuwonetsa nthawi yoyenera kubzala tulips. Sipangakhale chidziwitso pano, chifukwa ndi bwino kuganizira zinthu zingapo nthawi imodzi:
- Kutentha kwa mpweya sikuyenera kukhala kotsika kuposa + 15º and masana ndi + 5º, usiku, ndipo m'nthaka ya dothi pafupifupi 10 cm - musagwere pansi pa chilembo cha + 10ºº.
- Kusintha kwanyengo. Ndikwabwino kubzala mbewu pochulukirapo, kuti mwina mwezi umodzi uzika mizu.
- Pankhaniyi, nthawi yozizira ndiyofunikira kuti zinthu zofunikira pakupanga ziyambe kupanga mu ma rhizomes. Nyengo zoyenera ziyenera kuyambitsa mizu ya tulip, koma nthawi yomweyo kuti zisalole kukula.
Komanso, nthawi yobzala tulip imatengera nyengo yam'derali:
- mkati mwa msewu wapakati, kudutsa pamlingo wa Moscow Region, mutha kuyambira pa Seputembara 20-30;
- kumwera komanso kudera la Volga ndi izi mutha kudikirira mpaka Okutobala;
- kwa Dera la Leningrad ndi Urals, ntchito zodzala ziyenera kuyambira m'masiku oyamba yophukira;
- Nyengo yovuta ku Siberia imafuna kuti ifike kumapeto kwa mwezi wa Ogasiti.
Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kuganizira za momwe nyengo iliri, ndikuphimba m'masamba ndi masamba kapena nthambi za spruce, kuteteza ku chisanu. Mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri okonzera bustani kuti asankhe potengera kutentha kwa mpweya munthawi ina.
//www.youtube.com/watch?v=72raCM68zeY
Malo
Komwe tulips amakhudza kwambiri kukula kwawo. Kusankha malo omwe amafikira, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo awa:
- Malo owala bwino, osadetsedwa kumaso kwake kumathandiza kuti maonekedwe a mawonekedwe oyenera a mawonekedwe olimba azikhala ndi mtundu wowala;
- Mphepo imatha kuthyola masamba.
- palokha pangani kukhetsa kwa madzi kuchokera pansi pa nthambizo, kukhetsa kwa mchenga wa 2-3 cm pansi pake.
Njira yabwino yoyika mabedi ikhale mbali ya kumwera pafupi ndi mtengo, nyumba kapena nyumba iliyonse yomwe singabise.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kusankha anzanu oyenera a tulips, omwe safunikira kuthiriridwa madzi nthawi zonse. Mutha kutenga mababu ena kapena mbewu zololera pachilala zomwe zimakoka chinyontho kuchokera pansi, monga alyssum kapena swing paniculata.
Ngati mumaganizira nkhaniyi mozama, mutha kuyamba kukonzekera kakang'ono komwe kudzakhale dimba lamaluwa mtsogolo. Izi zimalola chaka chilichonse kusintha kapangidwe ka malo awo ndi kusintha mawonekedwe ake.
Dothi
Tulips ndi mbewu zabwino kwambiri zomwe zimafuna malo osalowerera kapena pang'ono amchere kuti mukule bwino. Ndipo koposa zonse, iyenera kukhala yopanda chilema komanso yovomerezeka.
Chifukwa chake, maupangiri okonzanso nthaka musanabzale:
- alumina ndi lolemera kwambiri, motero, amawumitsidwa ndi mchenga, womwe umakhudzanso chinyezi chambiri pansi pa mizu;
- kuchuluka kwa nthaka acidity kukusonyeza kufunika kwa kubereka ndi choko kapena laimu wosalala, 0,5-0,5 kg pa 1 m2;
- kuwonjezera manyowa dothi lokhazikitsidwa ndi humus, phulusa ndi njira zina zapadera;
- pumbani dimba duwa lakuya mpaka 25-30 cm pamwezi musanabzale;
- Mwachindunji pakamatera, thirirani zitsime pokhapokha nyengo yadzuwa, mwinanso kuthirira sikungasankhe.
Kuthira malo pamafunika kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zotsatirazi pa 1 m2 wa nthaka:
- ngati gwero la potaziyamu ndi phosphorous - phulusa lamatabwa, pafupifupi 100-150 g;
- Ndowa ziwiri za manyowa owola kapena kompositi kwa zaka 2-3;
- 40-50 g wa superphosphate;
- 20-30 g wa potaziyamu sulfate;
- 25 g wa ammonium nitrate.
Chovomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, monga Fundazole, polimbana ndi mabakiteriya omwe amagwiritsa ntchito nthaka mosavomerezeka kuposa zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zilizonse.
Nthawi iliyonse yobzala kapena kusamalira mapesi a maluwa, muyenera kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa kapena feteleza wokhala ndi chlorine, yemwe amatha kuwotcha msana.
Njira zakubzala poyera
Mukayika tulips, mutha kuwabzala mu mzere pafupi ndi njirazi, mozungulira kapena mumsika, momwe muliri wina aliyense. Koma apa pali mfundo zingapo zoyenera kuchokera pamene tikupanga dimba la maluwa:
- Bungwe la maluwa odzaza maluwa. Kubzala kumachitika mwachindunji pamtunda womwe umayang'aniridwa ndikulima kwapadera.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito chidebe, basiketi kapena bokosi mwaulere kapena kukumbidwa dothi lakuda. Izi zimathandizira njira ya kukula ndikupanga machitidwe oyenera a izi. Kutetezedwa ndi majeremusi, kumapangitsa kukumba kovuta kwa anyezi.
- Kubzala kwa Longline ndi komwe amakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mphika kapena mphika wawukulu ndikuyamba kugwira ntchito ndi ma rhizomes akulu kwambiri, omwe amayikidwa pansi, kenako ndikuyika mwanjira yochepetsera.
Kubzala chiwembu: kuya, mtunda pakati pa mababu
Njira yodzala tulips imakhudzana ndikupanga mizere kapena mabowo m'njira yoti mbewuzo zikhale patali kwa 8-10 masentimita kuchokera kwina ndipo osayandikira 25 cm kuchokera kuzinthu zina. mchenga, ndikuchotsa kale chernozem.
Sangathe kukanikizidwa kwambiri m'nthaka, koma muyenera kuyika pansi, pomwe muzu umakula.
Kukula kwa tulip kubzala mwachindunji kutengera mitundu yawo ndi mulifupi wa anyezi, ndipo ikuyenera kukhala katatu kukula kwake.
Pa avareji, awa ndi magawo otsatirawa:
- ana mpaka 3 masentimita sakhala otsika kuposa 5-10 masentimita mwakuya, nthawi zambiri samakhala olimba ndipo amapereka mtundu wawung'ono, chifukwa chake amakula bwino m'mphepete mwa kama;
- zodziwika bwino zimayenda kuchokera ku 10-15 masentimita ndipo ndizabwino kwambiri pamaluwa okongola;
- Mababu akuluakulu owonjezera, kuchokera pa 5 cm kukula, obzalidwa kuchokera 15 cm, popeza ali atali kwambiri, chifukwa chake malo ena adzafunika.
Zotsirizirazi zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati ma distillation muzipinda, mothandizidwa ndi kukula kwake kwa mtundu wachangu. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wokonzekera phwando lokondwerera Chaka Chatsopano kapena tchuthi choyamba chamasika.
Tsatane-tsatane malangizo
Kulima tulips kumayamba ndi kubzala kwawo panthaka. Ntchitoyi, ikhoza kugawidwa m'magawo otsatirawa:
- Sankhani malo dimba la maluwa, mwezi umodzi musanabzale, kukuni mosamala ndi kuthira manyowa, nthawi yomweyo kuchotsa udzu.
- Kutentha, kuthirira maluwa maluwa kwa masiku angapo kuti kukhazikitse kwachilengedwe mwa iwo.
- Tsiku losankha dzuwa ndi phokoso, poganizira nyengo ndi mayendedwe ake pamene kuli koyenera kubzala mababu.
- Sankhani anyezi wathanzi ndikunyowetsani kwa mphindi 30 mpaka 40 mu njira ya potaziyamu permanganate.
- Chotsani pamwamba ndi kupanga mabowo kapena mabowo.
- Pakalibe mvula, lowetsani dothi ndi madzi ochepa.
- Ngati ndi kotheka, thirani mchenga, phulusa, laimu pansi penipeni.
- Ikani mababu pansi osawakakamiza.
- Dzazani ndi dothi lakuda lakumwamba kuchokera pamwamba ndikusunthira pansi ndikutulutsa.
- Ikani malo pobzala ndi timitengo, mutha kuidzaza ndi masamba owuma kapena peat nthawi yachisanu.
- M'malo ouma, kuthirira kumafunikira sabata pambuyo pobzala.
- Kuti mukule mbewu zolimba, muyenera kukulunga dimba lansalu ndi nsalu tarpaulins, cinquefoil kapena udzu wouma posachedwa chisanu.
Bwana Chilimwe akudziwitsa: Zolakwika zazitali, momwe mungadzitetezere ku makoswe?
Mukabzala tulips, aliyense akhoza kukumana ndi zolakwika posamalira mbewu zanthete zakutchire.
Zina mwazodziwika ndi izi:
- kubzala mochedwa anyezi kumawapangitsa kukhala pachiwopsezo choyamba cha chisanu, ma rhizomes alibe nthawi yopanga ndikupeza gawo;
- mutabzala m'mawa kwambiri, mphukira yoluka imafa chifukwa cha kuzizira kapena kumata ndi namsongole nthawi yamasika;
- kubzala masika kumawapangitsa kukhala owawa, ang'ono komanso osakhwima, ziribe kanthu kuti ndi achi Dutch, peony, terry, kapena mitundu ina iliyonse;
- kugwiritsa ntchito ma rhizomes owonongeka, omwe ali ndi kachilombo komwe kamayambitsa matenda athanzi;
- kuzama kosayenera kwa mabowo kumakwiyitsa kuzizira kwawo kapena kugona kwanthawi yayitali.
Anyezi amatha kusungidwa mulimonsemo, koma kuti muteteze kwathunthu ndikofunikira kuganizira kuti atha kukhala mankhwala a mbewa ndi makoswe.
Ngati ochepa tulo a tubers atha kutetezedwa ku yesero, kenako obzalidwa pansi, amakhala osatetezeka.
Popewa kuwononga mbewa, njira zingapo zimatengedwa:
- tulips wazunguliridwa ndi daffodils, hazel grouse, wakuda muzu ndi mbewu zina zomwe zimasokoneza mbewa;
- pangani zinthu zodzala ndi palafini, tsabola wofiyira pansi;
- gwiritsani ntchito mabasiketi obzala, kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa ma rhizomes;
- Njira zina zopewera tizilombo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ngati zonse zachitika pang'onopang'ono, mutabzala tulips, ndiye kuti mutha kupeza maluwa owoneka bwino, monga zithunzi zabwino za magazine.
