Lilac - dimba la multicolor shrub lomwe silifunika chisamaliro chapadera. Pali mitundu yoposa 2000 yamtengowu. Samadwala matenda, tizilombo timagwira. Ndipo mwayi wake ndikukula mwachangu.
Pakakula zitsamba, mavuto angabuke: mbande sizimangokhala mizu. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha nthaka yolakwika, kulephera kutsatira nthawi ndi malamulo abzala. Ngakhale mutasiyana bwanji, kuti lilac ikhale mizu, muyenera kudziwa nthawi yobzala mtengo. Madeti omwe amakhala masiku onse ndi Ogasiti-Sepemba.
Kunja kofikira
Mukamatera, zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa:
- nyengo yakumera;
- mawonekedwe a mizu mu mbande.
Nthawi yayitali
Nthawi yabwino kwambiri ndi Ogasiti-Seputembala. Masika m'chigawo chapakati amachedwa, ndipo chilimwe ndiyochepa. Kubzala mu Ogasiti kumalola chitsamba kuzika mizu ndi kulimbikitsa isanafike nthawi yozizira. M'matawuni pano nthawi ndiyabwino. Chakumapeto kwa chilimwe komanso koyambilira kwa nyundo, tikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mphukira ndi mizu yotseguka.
M'dzinja, ndikofunikira kubzala kum'mwera kwa dzikolo. Mu Ogasiti, kukadali kutentha, chitsamba sichimazika mizu bwino, makamaka ndikusowa chinyezi. M'dzinja, kutentha kumatsika, mvula zimayamba, izi zimakondwera ndikukula kwa mbewu. Nyengo yachisanu isanayambe, imakwanitsa kukhala wamphamvu. Mwezi woyenera kwambiri ndi September, theka lake loyamba.
Zidulidwe zimazika mizu bwino mutabzala m'chaka. Chitani pokhapokha nthaka ikayamba kuzimiratu komanso kuopsa kozizira sikungakhale kochepa. Panthawi iyi ya chaka pali kutuluka kogwira: kukula kwachitsamba kukuthamanga. Popita nthawi yotentha, mizu ya lilac imayamba bwino. Chomera chimakutidwa ndi masamba owonda. Kwa nthawi yozizira, chimachoka mwamphamvu kwambiri.
Mu nthawi yamasika, mphukira yokhala ndi mizu yotsekeka mizu bwino (izi zikutanthauza kuti mphukira zidamera mchombo musanabzike). Kuchokera mumphika, mmera wokhala ndi dothi loumbidwira umasinthidwa kudzenje lozungulira.
Ndikofunikira kupatsira lilac mpaka itayamba kuphuka (mpaka Meyi). Pambuyo pake, simungathe kuzikhudza. Kuchepetsa kumachedwa kugwa.
Kusankha kubzala zakuthupi
Kubzala komanso kusamalira lilacs kutchire zitha kuchita bwino ndi mmera wabwino. Iyenera kukhala ndi muzu wopangidwa ndi mizu yambiri yopyapyala, kukhala ndi nthambi zobiriwira.
Makhalidwe a mmera woyenera kubzala:
- zaka 2-3 zaka;
- ayenera kukhala muzu;
- katemera;
- kukula kwa mmera kuyambira 50 mpaka 70 cm;
- mizu lobe mozungulira 30 cm;
- khungwa, ngati limasesedwa, limakhala ndi kuwala kobiriwira;
- mmera uyenera kukhala wokulirapo, osaphula pomwe unapinda.
Mphukira zotere ndizosavuta kulekerera, kuzika mizu.
Malo ndi dothi
Dothi ndi malo obzala ziyenera kukhala ndi izi:
- dziko lapansi ndi lonyowa;
- madzi apansi pamlingo wa 1.5-2 mita kuchokera pamtunda wapamwamba wa dziko lapansi;
- ndale kapena otsika acidity nthaka ndi mkulu zili humus;
- Dzuwa limawunikira malo ambiri masana;
- kusowa kwa mphepo yamphamvu (mwachitsanzo, pakati pa mitengo yayitali).
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala chitsamba paphiri kapena chigwa chokhala ndi njira yabwino yonyanira. Chomera sichimakonda malo amthunzi. Popanda dzuwa, imamera pang'onopang'ono. Maluwa samakhala opepuka komanso okongola. Mithunzi, lilac imataya mawonekedwe ake okongoletsa: mphukira ndizitali kwambiri, masamba akuonda.
Malamulo akumalo
- Mtunda pakati pa tchire ndi wautali pafupifupi mamita awiri (ngati abzalidwe pafupi, agawika m'matumba).
- Kudzala maenje kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo kangapo kuposa mumphika womwe mudali tchire tating'ono.
- Mpumulo womwe wabzala uyenera kudzazidwa ndi chisakanizo cha superphosphate, kompositi, phulusa.
- Mizu yowonongeka kuchokera ku mizu imachotsedwa, nthambi zimafupikitsidwa.
- Mukabzala mu masika, mizu imanyowa mu "Kornevin" kuti muzu uzike mizu.
- Kuti chitsamba chikuwoneka bwino, sichitulutsa mphukira zowonjezera, masentimita angapo ayenera kubwezeretsedwa kuchokera m'nthaka kupita m'khosi.
Njira zatsiku ndi tsiku
Kubzala lilacs nthawi yamasika, chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira - ukadaulo, malongosoledwe amakwerero:
- dzenje limakumbidwa kukula kolingana ndi kutalika kwa mizu (nthawi zambiri masentimita 30 limakwanira);
- anayala miyala yosanjikiza miyala kapena zidutswa za njerwa;
- gawo lamadzi lazakudya limatsanulidwa pamwamba pamiyendo;
- chitsamba chimayikidwa dzenje, mizu imawongoledwa;
- dziko lapansi limatsanulidwa ndikukhazikika, lilac imamwetsedwa;
- madzi akumwa, nthaka imakonkhedwa ndi kusakaniza kwa peat kapena utuchi.
Pambuyo pakufika kosamalira
Kuti lilac ikhale ndi mawonekedwe okongola ndipo sifa, chisamaliro chake chiyenera kuchitika mutabzala. Ndiosavuta ndipo imatenga nthawi yayitali.
Kudyetsa, kukulitsa ndi kuthirira
Ngati chitsamba chidabzalidwa motsatira malamulo onse, lilacs safunikira kudyetsedwa kwa zaka ziwiri. Munthawi imeneyi, mbewuyo imangofunika kuthiriridwa madzi nthaka ikacha, kumasula ndi udzu. Kulima kumachitika mozama masentimita asanu mpaka asanu ndi atatu. Pafupipafupi njirayi ndi katatu kapena kanayi pachaka.
Patatha zaka ziwiri, nthawi yamasika, mtengowo umadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Pambuyo pake, izi zimachitika miyezi khumi ndi iwiri iliyonse.
Chitsamba chikakwanitsa zaka zinayi, chimayenera kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza wachilengedwe. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la mullein mu gawo limodzi mwa 1 mpaka 10. Kuti muchite izi, ndowa zingapo zakatchi zimakonda kupita kuthengo. Njira yothetsera vutoli siyitsanulira mwachindunji pansi pa mtengo, koma pamtunda wa 50 cm kuchokera pamenepo.
Shrub tikulimbikitsidwa kuti manyowa ndi phulusa. Itha m'malo mwa feteleza omwe amagulidwa m'misika. Asanayambe kuvala, amadzipaka mchidebe chamadzi mu 200-300 g.
Lilac amalimbana ndi chilala. Kuthirira toyesa akuluakulu sikofunikira. Njira zoyendera madzi zimafunika tchire tating'ono zaka zosakwana ziwiri. Kutsirira kumachitika m'chilimwe, pachilala.
Kudulira
Lilac imamera ngati chitsamba kapena mtengo. Poyamba, kupatsa masamba bwino, mchaka chachitatu kapena chachinayi mutabzala, masamba asanu ndi atatu okha kapena khumi okongola kwambiri ndiwootsalira. Ena onse adulidwapo. Pansi ndi kufupikitsidwanso.
Lilac ikamera ngati mtengo, imadzulidwanso. Nthambi yokhayo yamphamvu yatsala. Njira zomwe zili 60-70 masentimita pansi pamunsi zimachotsedwa mmalo mwake. Pambuyo pake, amazidula, nthambi zisanu ndi ziwiri zokha ndizomwe zimasungidwa. Kupangitsa masamba kukhala obiriwira, maluwa amawudulira.
Mwambowu ukulimbikitsidwa kuti uchitike kumayambiriro kwamasika. Ngati izi sizingatheke, mutha kuwongolera nyengo yonse. Simungathe kudula nyengo yachilimwe. Zisanafike nyengo yozizira, odulidwa pa nthambi alibe nthawi yochira ndi kuzizira.
Ma lilac okongola komanso okongoletsedwa bwino azikongoletsa dziko lililonse. Kuphatikiza apo, zizindikiritso zambiri zabwino ndi zamatsenga zimayenda momuzungulira. Mwachitsanzo, duwa la lilac lokhala ndi masamba asanu limabweretsa chisangalalo komanso mwayi wabwino.
