Indoor nightshade - chisamaliro chakunyumba, zithunzi za mitundu ndi mitundu

Solanum (Solanum) - chomera chamuyaya kuchokera kwa banja laling'ono. M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, umakhala kutalika kwa mita 1 kapena kuposerapo, mchipinda chomwe kukula kwake sikutanthauza kupitirira masentimita 30-50. Malo omwe nouttshade adabadwira ndi Brazil, Uruguay ndi Peru. Zolocha zokongoletsera zazikuluzazungulira, zipatso zowala bwino.

Pa chomera, amagwira mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Omwe amatchuka kwambiri pakati pa alimi a maluwa ndi mitundu yazifupi ya nightshade. Tchire tawo, tating'ono, totsekemera kokutidwa ndi malalanje kapena zipatso zofiira timawoneka bwino kwambiri.

Onetsetsani kuti mwatchera khutu ku chomera chokongola cha Brugmansia.

Nightshade: chisamaliro chanyumba. Mwachidule

Nightshade kunyumba amafunika chisamaliro:

Kusamalira nightshade kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Kusamalira nightshade kunyumba ndikosavuta. Mukamapanga nyengo yabwino, mbewu zokhala ndi miyezi isanu ndi iwiri zimayamba kutulutsa bwino ndi kubala zipatso.

Maluwa akutuluka

Maluwa a nouttshade chilimwe. Zomera zimakutidwa ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono ngati nyenyezi. Pambuyo pake, m'malo mwa maluwa, zipatso zimayamba kumangidwa. Poyamba zimakhala zobiriwira, koma zikakhwima, zipatso zimasanduka zofiira kapena lalanje.

Zimatenga miyezi yambiri kuti zipse bwinobwino. Chomera chokongoletsera kwambiri chimakonda kufika Chaka Chatsopano.

Njira yotentha

Mtengowo wamera kunyumba umamera bwino kwambiri ndipo umakhala pachimake pa kutentha + 18-22 °. M'nyengo yotentha, amatha kutaya maluwa ndi masamba.

M'nyengo yozizira, nightshade amafunika kutentha mkati mwa + 15 °. Zipatso zomwe zimabzala pamenepo zimagwira mpaka kumapeto.

Kuwaza

Indoor nightshade iyenera kutsanulidwa pafupipafupi. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito madzi osakhazikika pa kutentha kwa firiji. Kumwaza kumakhala kofunika makamaka mukakhala otentha nthawi yozizira. Kuchulukitsa chinyezi, chidebe chaching'ono chamadzi chimatha kuyikidwanso pafupi ndi chomera.

Kuwala

Kuti zikule bwino, nightshade imafunikira kuwala kowala. Chifukwa chake, mawindo akum'mwera akoyang'ana bwino amayenera kuyika. Pa iwo, mbewuyo imamverera bwino.

Ikaikidwa kumpoto chakum'mawa, mbewuyo imafunikira zowunikira zowonjezera, makamaka nyengo yozizira. Kotero kuti chitsamba choyandikira chimamera chimodzimodzi, chimasinthika nthawi ndi nthawi.

Kuthirira nightshade

Nightshade kunyumba nthawi zambiri ndikuthirira madzi ambiri. M'chilimwe, makamaka pa maluwa, pafupifupi kamodzi masiku awiri. Nthaka siyenera kupukuta konse, apo ayi maluwa atha kutaya maluwa ndi zipatso. M'nyengo yozizira, m'malo ozizira, kuthirira kamodzi pa sabata kudzakwanira.

Nthawi yomweyo, madzi othirira ayenera kukhala ofewa komanso ofunda. Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi olimba kumapangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale yolimba mwachangu, zomwe zimakhudza mkhalidwe wa mbewuyo.

Poto wa Nightshade

Poto wa pulasitiki kapena woumba bwino ndi woyenera kukulira mkati mwa nightshade, chinthu chachikulu ndichakuti pali mabowo otaya pansi pake. Kukula kwake kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo pang'ono kuposa mizu ya mbewu. Mu chidebe chambiri kwambiri, dothi limatha kukhala acidic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbewuyo ipere.

Dothi

Nthaka yoti ikulire nightshade iyenera kukhala yopatsa thanzi komanso yotayirira. Amapangidwa ndi zigawo zofanana za dziko lapansi la turf, humus ndi mchenga. Mukukula, mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito gawo lapansi la mbewu zakunyumba zopangidwa mwa mafakitale.

Pansi pa mphikawo, mitsuko ya dothi kapena miyala yamtsinje yowonjezera ndiyenera kukhala ndi zida.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Munthawi ya kukula kwambiri kuyambira mwezi wa March mpaka August, nightshade amadyetsedwa feteleza wathunthu wazomera zam'mimba zomwe zimapangidwa pafupipafupi kawiri pamwezi. Mukamaberekera, Mlingo woyenera ayenera kuonedwa bwino. Yothetsera feteleza wokhazikika kwambiri idzatentha mizu.

Thirani

Kuyika kwa nightshade kumachitika kumayambiriro kwamasika. Chomera chimangosunthidwa pang'ono kupita kuchiwiya chokulirapo. Pakupandukira, mphukira imafupikitsidwanso.

Amadulidwa ndi pafupifupi wachitatu. Mukangodzula, mbewuyo imathirira madzi ambiri ndikuyiyika ndi nyali zowonongeka kwa masiku awiri ndi atatu.

Kudulira

Ndikusowa kwa kuyatsa, nightshade imatambasulira mofulumira kwambiri. Poterepa, afupikitsidwa ndi theka. Atangodula kumene, nightshade amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wokhala ndi mpweya wambiri wa nayitrogeni. Kupanga zitsamba zowala, nightshade imadina nthawi zingapo nthawi yotentha.

Nthawi yopumula

M'nyengo yozizira, nightshade amafunika nthawi yopuma. Kuti muchite izi, ikani mphika ndi chomeracho kumapeto kwa Okutobala pamalo abwino, abwino. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa nouttshade nthawi yachisanu ndi + 13-15 °. Pokhala ndi zotentha, mbewu imayamba kuvutika ndi nthata za akangaude ndi zovala zoyera.

Kukula pafupi ndi mbewu

Nightshade ndiosavuta kufalitsa ndi mbewu. Amachotsedwa ku zipatso zamphesa, zopota. Amayamba kubzala mu Januware. Kuti muchite izi, konzani gawo lapansi kuchokera ku mchenga wosakanikirana ndi peat ndi vermiculite. Asanafesere, mbewu zimakhazikika kwa mphindi 30 mu njira yapinki yamdima ya potaziyamu.

M'tsogolomu, izi ziteteza mbande ku matenda a fungus.

Mbewu zimamera mosiyanasiyana. Mphukira zoyambirira zimawonekera patatha milungu iwiri, yomaliza pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri. Pakadutsa mwezi umodzi, mbande zimadumphira m'madzi osiyana. Zomera zazing'ono zimaphuka mu miyezi 6-7.

Kufalikira kwa nightshade ndi odulidwa

Kunyumba, nightshade imatha kufalitsidwa ndikudula. Amakhala ndi chisakanizo cha peat ndi mchenga pa kutentha kwa 22-25 °. Kuti apange wowonjezera kutentha, chiwiyacho chimakutidwa ndi filimu. M'malo okhala chinyezi chachikulu, kuzika kwamizu kumachitika mwachangu.

Akadulidwa akangoyamba kukula, filimuyo imachotsedwa. Kupanga wandiweyani, tchire fluffy, kutsina zomera 3-4. Magawo onse a nightshade ndi poyizoni, chifukwa chake, magolovesi a mphira ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mukamagwira nawo ntchito.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Ngati mikhalidwe yomwe ikukula sikulemekezedwa, pamakhala mavuto ambiri.

• Masamba ndi zipatso za nightshade ziume. Vutoli nthawi zambiri limayamba chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri ndi mpweya wouma. Muphika wokhala ndi chomeracho uyenera kukonzedwanso m'malo ozizira ndi kuwaza nthawi zambiri.
• Zipatso zimafota ndipo masamba amagwa. Mwambiri, mbewuyo imadwala chifukwa chosowa chinyezi m'nthaka. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa kayendetsedwe ka ulimi wothirira, osalola gawo lapansi kuti liume.
• Masamba a nightshade amasanduka achikasu. Masamba achikasu amatha chifukwa chothirira kwambiri kapena kusowa kwounikira. Muyenera kutsatira bwino malingaliro anu posamalira chomera. Pofuna kupewa phala pansi pa mphika liyenera kukhala mabowo otayira.
• Pambuyo maluwa, zipatso sizomangidwa. Nthawi zambiri, mbewu imadzipukutira tokha. Koma nthawi zina kupukutidwa kumachitika. Kuti muchite izi, musagwedezere mphika ndi chomera kapena kuchiyika pamalo abwino.
• Nightshade ikukula pang'onopang'ono. Kukula kwapangidwe kumawonedwa ndikupanda magetsi. Chomera chiyenera kukonzedwanso kumbali yakumwera.
• Masamba amatulutsa. Vutoli limadza chifukwa chosowa mabatire. Feteleza olimbikitsidwa amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa nthawi yake.
• Masamba a nightshade amasandulika. Nightshade akusowa potaziyamu. Kuti athetse vutoli, feteleza wa potashi umayikidwa panthaka.
• Masamba otsika a nightshade ndi achikaso ndi mawanga bulauni. Chomera chimavutika ndi kusowa kwa magnesium m'nthaka. Kudyetsa ndi feteleza ndi kufufuza zinthu ndikofunikira.
• Mphete zachikasu pamasamba a nightshade. Zizindikiro zofotokozedwazo ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda a virus. Njira zoyesera zomenyera nkhanizi zilibe. Zomera zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimawonongeka.

Mwa tizirombo, nightshade nthawi zambiri imakhudza kangaude, aphid, whitefly, scutellaria. Kuti muthane nawo, munthawi zonse mumagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.