Thuja ndi wa banja la cypress.
Mtengo wobiriwirawu (kapena shrub), wokhala ndi korona wandiweyani, udzakongoletsa nyumba iliyonse yamapiri, malo akumidzi, bwalo lamzinda, ndi zina zotero.
Kuphatikiza pa korona wobiriwira kwambiri, thuja idzakondweretsa iwe ndi fungo lake, chifukwa nkhuni zake zili ndi mafuta obiriwira ofunikira.
M'nkhaniyi tidziwa tsatanetsatane wa mtengo wa thuja ndi momwe ungasamalire bwino.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya Tui
M'dziko muli mitundu iwiri ya tui: kumadzulo, chinese, korean, japanese ndi kupangidwa.
Mukudziwa? Moyo wa Tui ndi zaka 90-200.
Mitundu ya Tui:
- Thuja japanese - mtengo mpaka mamita 18 ndi singano zofewa. Mdziko - Japan. Amalekerera kutentha kutentha m'nyengo yozizira. Sitifuna madzi ambiri, koma salola kulemekezedwa, chifukwa chake Silikukula m'midzi.
- Thuja korean - mtengo umene uli ndi korona waukulu wokhotakhota nthambi. Nthano zofewa ndi zachilendo masamba akuluakulu (mpaka 2 cm) ya mawonekedwe a katatu ovoid. Zisoti kumbali ya kumbuyo ndi siliva wowala, ndipo pambali kutsogolo kuli mdima wobiriwira. Kumudzi kwawo - Peninsula ya Korea. Ku Russia limakula kokha kumwera.
- Thuja chachikulu kapena chosungidwa - Ndi shrub yofanana ndi piramidi yomwe imawoneka ngati cypress. Mitundu yofulumira kwambiri ya Tui (mpaka 30 cm pachaka). Ikhoza kufika kutalika kwa mamita 15, m'lifupi mamita 3 mpaka 5. Zisoti ndi zobiriwira zakuda, pali malo oyera pansipa. Crohn kuwala ndi fungo labwino. Onani chisanu chosagonjetsedwa, chosagwidwa ndi mphepo. Kutentha kwakukulu kumalekerera zoipa, chifukwa imakula bwino m'madera ozizira.
- Thuja kummawa - Ndi shrub mpaka mamita 18 m'litali, pomwe nthawi zambiri mumakhala masentimita 1-3 cm. Nthambi ndi zowonongeka, zokhoma. Mitundu imeneyi imalepheretsa chilala, kutentha, ndipo sizingatheke kuti nthaka ikhale yovuta. Zima ndi kutentha kutentha.
- Thuja kumadzulo - mtengo wa pyramidal ndi kutalika kwa mamita 15 - 20 ndi m'lifupi mamita 3 mpaka 5. Lili ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono a mtundu wobiriwira ndi wachikasu. M'chilimwe, singano zili ndi mdima wonyezimira (wowala pansi), ndipo m'nyengo yozizira amatenga utoto wofiirira (umatembenuka wobiriwira kachiwiri). Mzuwu ndi fibrous ndi nthambi. Nsomba za kumadzulo zimakula bwino mumthunzi, makamaka pang'ono ku dzuwa (koma silingalekerere chilala ndi kutentha). Ngati mitunduyi imabzalidwa mumthunzi wambiri, ndiye kuti nthambizo zimaponda, ndipo izi zimawononga maonekedwe ake. Thuja kumadzulo amamera pa nthaka iliyonse, imagonjetsedwa ndi mphepo, koma m'kati mwathu, imakhala yofala chifukwa cha kukoma kwa chisanu (chiri ndi mitundu yoposa 30).

Mukudziwa? Ku Russia, thuja inapezeka mu XViii zaka zana.
Momwe mungakhalikire
Thuja - chomera chopanda ulemu. Iyo imakula mumthunzi ndi dzuwa. Amapulumuka bwino pa dothi losiyanasiyana: peaty, mchenga, mchenga, mchenga, koma chinyezi m'nthaka chiyenera kukhala chokwanira.
Chomera chomwe chinangobzalidwa chiyenera kulandira madzi okwanira 10 malita pa sabata, ndi 15-20 malita a madzi pa chilala (makamaka kumwa madzi 2 pa sabata). Muyenera kudziwa nthawi yobzala mdziko muno, ndipo pa zaka zingati mbeuzo zakonzekera malo atsopano obzala.
Ndikofunikira! Ndikofunika kudzala thuya ndi mtanda waukulu wa nthaka (kuchokera mu chidebe kapena kuchokera ku malo oyamba akukula). M'pofunika kutsanulira dzenje ndi coniferous earth (1/5 ya singano pa chiwerengero chonse cha dziko lapansi).
Kubalana mdulidwe
Wofesa munda ayenera kudziwa momwe angakulirire thuja m'dziko. Thuja akhoza kubzala ndi mbewu kapena cuttings.
Mukamakolola, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito tizirombo timeneti (tenga zaka 2-3 zotsamba 25-40 masentimita) kapena masentimita 10-20 masentimita (cuttings ayenera kudula kumayambiriro kasupe kapena mu June).
Kagawani phesi imachizidwa ndi yankho la heteroauxin. Kudula kokha, kopanda mamba kuchokera pansi (pafupifupi masentimita 5) ndikubzala m'nthaka: mchenga wa mtsinje, peat ndi nthaka (1: 1: 1).
Nthaka yokonzedweratu tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zofooka za potassium permanganate. Kuyala kozama ndi 1.5 - 2 masentimita, ndipo mbande zimaphimbidwa pamwamba (zimapanga wowonjezera kutentha).
Ndikofunikira! Nkofunikira kudula cuttings kuti pa maziko a kuthawa nkhuni zakale - "chidendene". Izi zimapangitsa kuti azikhala bwino.
Cuttings mu wowonjezera kutentha zosowa nthawi kutuluka (kuthamanga nthawi kumawonjezeka nthawi zonse) ndi kusakaniza dothi (ndi bwino kupopera nthaka). Mizu yozulidwa mizu (njira imatha miyezi 2-3) kuumitsa.
Mu November wawo kutentha masamba, nthambi zafir kapena utuchi. Pamene kutentha kukutsikira ku -5 ° C, mukufunikira kuphimba kukulunga mmera.
Kukula thuja kuchokera ku mbewu
Mukhoza kufalitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya thujas ndi mbewu zowonongeka. Sapling mumalowa zaka 3-5.
Ndi njira iyi, mbewu zimasowa chokani mu kugwa pansi pa chisanu (izi ndi zachilengedwe zachilengedwe).
M'chaka, mbewu zochokera ku tinthu ting'onoting'ono tomwe timayambira ndi yofesedwa mu trays pa 0,5 masentimita mozamakuphimba ndi coniferous utuchi. Mitundu ya seeding yaikidwa malo ozizira amdima.
Akuwombera kuphimba zishango ku dzuwa lotentha. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yotayirira nthawi zonse ndi yonyowa. Nthaŵi zambiri, akhoza kuchitidwa Kudyetsa ndi mphamvu yofooka ya slurry (1:20).
Malingaliro oti mubzalidwe poyera
Thuja: kubzala ndi kusamalira kunja - izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa aliyense wa munda. Chomera thuy chiyenera kukhala pamalo pomwe tsiku lonse silidzakhala dzuwa.
Ndikofunikira! Pansi pa dzuwa lotentha thuja adzafota ndipo m'nyengo yozizira kuchokera ku chisanu tidzakhala odwala.
Ndifunikanso kudziŵa mtundu wa malo omwe mukufunikira kuti Tui. Njira yabwino ndiyi nthaka ya dothi yomwe inaphatikizapo mchenga wa mtsinje ndi peat.
Ngati mukufuna kudzala mitengo yambiri ya thuja, pitirizani mtunda pakati pawo: 1 mamita (ngati mumabzala mzere umodzi), 2 mamita (ngati mzere uli mzere 2), 5m (ngati mukukonzekera kupanga tui). Mbeu imamizidwa pansi pamtunda wa 60-80 cm.
Ambiri akufuna kudziwa momwe angapangire bwino thuja kuti asafere. Mukhoza kubwezera kuchokera kumayambiriro (kuyambira pa March) mpaka ku autumn (mpaka November). Amalekerera bwino kuika bwino, ndithudi, ndizochita zabwino za wamaluwa.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati nthaka yomwe ili pamtengowu ndi yolemetsa komanso yonyowa pokhala, ndiye kuti pakufunika kupanga makina osambira a 15-20 masentimita. Ngati malowa ndi otsetsereka, ndiye kuti mapaipi a ngalande amaikidwa m'mitsinje.
Outdoor Thuja Care
Pamalo otseguka, thuja amafunikira chidwi kwambiri, chomwe chimakhala nthawi zonse kuthirira, kudyetsa, kumasula thunthu lozungulira ndi kudulira (korona mapangidwe).
Kuthirira
Thuja ali ndi singano zazikulu, chifukwa choti madzi ambiri amatha. Choncho, wolima munda ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti nthaka siuma (ngakhale m'dzinja).
Mbewu yomwe imangotengedwa kumene imathiridwa kamodzi pa sabata, m'mawa kapena madzulo (10-50 malita a madzi pa mtengo umodzi - malinga ndi kukula kwa chomera).
Krona, m'mwezi woyamba, ndifunikanso kuthirira. Kuwaza bwino kumathandiza kuchotsa fumbi ku singano ndikupangitsanso kupeza mpweya wabwino.
Ndikofunikira! Nthaka pafupi ndi thuja iyenera kukhala yonyowa pang'ono. Kuyanika nthaka kumayambitsa nkhuni. Kuperewera kwa chinyezi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi pamwamba pa chikasu cha thumba.
Pamene kuthirira kwa mvula kuyenera kusatulutsidwa.
Kupaka pamwamba
Mitundu ya mavalidwe:
- Kupaka zovala zoyambirira kumafunika kwa mtengo womwe wabzalidwa kumene: Epin, kukula kwachilengedwe chowongolera. Kupaka zovala zapamwamba kudzakuthandizani kuti mbewuyo ikhale mizu komanso kuti ipirire bwino matenda osiyanasiyana.
- Kudyetsa chakudya kumaphatikizapo zowonjezera za potash-phosphorus. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zovuta feteleza "Kemira-chilengedwe" (50-60 magalamu pa mita imodzi). Feteleza pamodzi ndi madzi okwanira ambiri. Kupaka pamwamba kumapangidwa kawiri, ndi kupuma kwa masabata awiri.
- Kudyetsa thuja m'dzinja sikunapangidwe.

Ndikofunikira! Ngati mutayambitsa chomera feteleza, ndiye kuti feteleza iyenera kuchitika patatha zaka ziwiri zokha.
Kudulira
Pofuna kutchera thumba mudzafunikira chikwakwa ndi pulogalamu yamagetsi kapena yamagetsi.
Mtengo wautsikana sungakhudze zaka 2 (ziyenera kukhala mizu m'malo atsopano), ndiye ukhoza kuzigwedeza ndi kuyika korona. Mwa kudulira kumvetsetsa:
- Kutulutsa zouma ndi zofooka nthambi (zimakhala zouma ndipo zimakhala ndi mtundu wofiirira).
- Korona kupatulira. Koma musaiwale kuti kupatulira kwambiri kumachepetsa kukongoletsa makhalidwe a thuja.
- Kudulira kunyumba. Ndondomekoyi yachitika mu April. M'chilimwe, mawonekedwewa amangosinthidwa. Nthawi zambiri mumakhala kudulira, ndipamwamba korona idzakhala. Pamene kudulira ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti nthambi izidula osachepera 1/3 kutalika kwake.

Ndikofunikira! Kwa "mphamvu" yamtunduwu, m'pofunikira kuchotsa nthambi za kuwonjezeka kwa chaka.
Ngati mukufuna kukulitsa mtengo m'lifupi, ndiye kuti muyenera kudula pamwamba pa korona. Kuyambira olima amatha kuyamba ndi kukonzekera korona wa thuja monga mpira, kupotuka kapena kutuluka.
Ngati mukufuna chidwi chokongoletsera, funsani momwe mungadulire thuy: Mukhoza kupatsa mtengo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama, miyendo, masitepe, ndi zina zotero.
Musanayambe tsitsi, ganizirani mozama za mawonekedwe. Pa nthawi ya ntchito, nthawi zonse pita kumbali ndikuwone kumene mukufunika kuyesa zina, ndi kumene zakhala zikugwedezeka kale.
Smaragd yosiyanasiyana imakula chaka chonse, chifukwa tsitsili lidzafuna oposa.
Ndikofunikira! Kukongoletsa tsitsi ndi kudula kumachitika nyengo yadzuwa.
Kukonzekera thuja m'nyengo yozizira
Ngati thuja ikukula pa webusaiti yanu, sikungakhale zopanda nzeru kuti mufunse chisamaliro chomwe akufunikira m'nyengo yozizira. Muyenera kukonzekera bwino mtengo m'nyengo yozizira. Mwa ichi mungafunike:
- mipira yamaluwa;
- mizu yopanga zokopa;
- peat ndi zipangizo zina (udzu, singano, utuchi);
- burlap kapena mapepala apadera ophimba mitengo ya coniferous.
- Kuletsa kukula kwa nthambi, muyenera kusiya kudya nayitrogeni feteleza (pakati pa August).
- Nthambi, zonyezimira, zowonongeka zimadulidwa ndi mzere wamaluwa.
- Chomera ayenera kuthirira pansi muzu yankho la muzu, mpaka isanayambike ozizira nyengo. Njirayi imathandizira kuti chitukuko chikhale cholimba kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira.
- Dongo la Pristvolny liyenera kuikidwa (izi zidzateteza mizu yapamwamba ku chisanu). Mtengo wa mulch 5-7 masentimita. M'chaka akhoza kuchotsedwa kuti dziko lapansi liwombere mwamsanga.
- M'nyengo yophukira yowuma, thuja imafuna madzi okwanira. Makamaka zamasamba, zomwe zimamera chaka chonse (ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira), zimasowa chinyezi.
- Kuti muteteze thunthu ku mphepo zamphamvu, mukhoza kuika chiwerengero cholimba ndikukumangiriza mtengo.
- Kuti muteteze thunthu laling'ono la thuja kuchokera ku chisanu, mukhoza kuyika mabhala kapena udzu pamtengo.
- Kuteteza kusana ndi dzuwa (iwo amapangidwa kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira kapena kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pamene dzuŵa limatenthetsa singano ndi chinyezi kuchokera ku mizu sizingabwere), m'nyengo yozizira yoyamba mutabzala, thuja yophimbidwa mu nsalu yosavala yamba. Koma musathamangitse mtengowo molimba, chifukwa nthawi ya thaw yozizira ikhoza kuchitika.

Ndikofunikira!Pali mankhwala apadera "Purshate", yomwe imateteza kutentha kwa mpendadzuwa. Iyenera kupopedwa pa singano - ndipo filimu yotetezera imapangidwira, zomwe sizidzalola kuti chinyezi chisasunthike. Kuphimba kotetezedwa kumatsuka ndi madzi pamvula ndi kuthirira mitengo.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, n'zotheka kumanga chithunzithunzi chapadera pazomera.
Ntchito yotereyi ndi yokwera mtengo, koma yankho lodalirika la funsoli "Kodi mungasamalire bwanji mvula mumsewu?".