Yerusalemu atitchoku - chomera chokhala ndi mbali yapadera. Mu tubers yake yaying'ono ndi zinthu zambiri zimakhala zogwirizana. Kugwiritsira ntchito artichoke ku Yerusalemu kumadya kumathandiza kuchepetsa selenium, komwe kumathandiza kwambiri m'thupi mwa munthu. Zomera za zomera zimasiyana kwambiri ndi masamba ena.
Mukhoza kulemba makhalidwe ake abwino kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa omwe alimi amapeza chomera ichi. Kubzala ndi kukonzanso sizimabweretsa mavuto aakulu.
Zizindikiro za ndondomekoyi
- Amabzalidwa ndi tubers chimodzimodzi ndi mbatata.
- Zimasinthika kunthaka iliyonse.
- Kutha kumatengedwa nthawi yabwino yobzala m'madera akummwera, masika kumpoto.
Pafupi ndi chiyani komanso pambuyo pa chodzala?
Mitengo ya zipatso imatengedwa kuti ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa oyandikana nawo a Yerusalemu. Ndizotheka kudzala chomera ichi pambuyo pa mbewu iliyonse yamunda, chinthu chachikulu ndichoti nthaka imakhala yotayika bwino komanso yotsekedwa.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji tubers ndi mbewu?
Mulimonse njira iliyonse yosankhidwa kuti ibzalidwe, iyenera kunyamulidwa m'maganizo kuti chodzala ayenera kukhala wathanzi, opanda matenda ndi tizirombo:
- mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zowola mizu;
- nematodes;
- nsabwe za m'masamba.
Tubers ayenera kusankha ngakhale, osati chachikulu. Kukula kwakukulu kwa kubzala tubers kuli ndi nkhuku ya nkhuku. Ngati tuber ndi yaikulu, ikhoza kudulidwa mu zidutswa zingapo. Chikhalidwe chokha ndichoti gawo lirilonse liyenera kukhala ndi maso osachepera atatu. Gawo liyenera kuchitidwa ndi makala.
Kusiyana kwakukulu mukukula pa kanyumba ndi kunyumba
Atitchoku Yerusalem kunyumba ikhoza kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kapena maso. Koma chomeracho nthawi zonse chinabzala ku dacha. Njira yobzala mbewu ndi yovuta kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka odziwa ulimi, popeza izi zimafuna luso lina.
Kodi mungabzalitse bwanji peyala yadothi?
- Rassadny. Ikukuthandizani kuti muwonjezere nyengo ya zomera pafupi ndi mwezi, ndiko kuti, njira iyi mungapezeko zokolola kale kwambiri. M'mayamayi, chomeracho n'chosavuta kuteteza motsutsana ndi tizirombo. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri popanga makina ambiri. Zidzakhala zofunikira kwambiri chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira.
- Zosamera. Njira imeneyi imatenga nthawi yochepa komanso khama. Kwa iye palibe chifukwa chokhalira wowonjezera kutentha kapena chophimba china. Chosavuta ndi chakuti njira yopanda mbewu siimapangitsa mphukira zapanthaŵi yake komanso zachikondi.
- Mbewu. Njira yabwino kwambiri kwa amaluwa wamaluwa. Ndibwino kuti abambo ambiri azikhala ndi mitundu yatsopano.
- Tubers. Makamaka a Artichoke a Yerusalemu anabzala mwa njira iyi. Palibe malo apadera omwe amafunikira, mbewuyo imayamba mizu mwamsanga komanso popanda mavuto ambiri.
Khwerero ndi Gawo Malangizo
Atitchoku ya Yerusalemu ili ndi mphamvu yaikulu. Amachitira zomera zosadzichepetsa. Chifukwa cha makhalidwe amenewa, mwamsanga amapereka mitundu ya anthu. Amapanga mphukira yomwe imadutsa m'madera oyandikana nawo zomera, kumene imamera tubers. Pasanathe chaka, mphukira zamphamvu zimakula kuchokera kwa iwo, kumeta maluwa akukula pafupi. Pambuyo pake, wolimbanayo akugonjetsa gawo lonselo, ndipo zomera zakumaloko sizitha kusankha koma kusiya malo awo.
Nthawi
Chomera chomera chingakhale kasupe ndi yophukira. Topinambur imabzalidwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa April, ndizotheka kumayambiriro kwa May kumpoto kwa Russian Federation. Mu autumn - kum'mwera madera a Russian Federation.
Kukonzekera kwa nthaka mu kugwa ndi masika
Pakuti chodzala Yerusalemu atitchoku ndi yabwino kwambiri yokhala ndi mchere wowala. PH mtengo uyenera kukhala pakati pa 6.0-7.5.
Musanabzala Yerusalemu atitchoku, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukonzekera pansi. Kukonzekera kumayamba mu kugwa, ndiko kuthirira nthaka ndi kompositi kapena manyowa.
Chithandizo chachikulu chimayamba nthawi yobzala kukumba nthaka molimbika kulikonse kumene kukonzedwa kudzala mbewu masika. Mutha kuchoka ku dothi la chisanu.
Kukonzekera zakuthupi
Zomwe anakonza wamaluwa amalangiza akuwukira topinambur mu Zircon njira asanadzalemo. Izi zimathandiza tubers kusuntha kwambiri ndikukula mofulumira.
Kusankha malo
Jerusalem artichokes imakula pakupanga monga mbeu ya pachaka. Chomeracho chimapanga biomass yaikulu, choncho chifukwa cha kulima kwake ndikofunikira kusankha malo achonde ndi nthaka yosasuka. Aritchoku Yerusalem ndi chomera chokonda kwambiri, kotero chiyenera kukula pamalo okongola kapena pamthunzi pang'ono.
Ndikofunikira! Kulima artichoke ku Yerusalemu kumakhala bwino pamtambo, chifukwa ngakhale kukonzetsa mosamala Yerusalemu atitchoku pansi sikungathetseretu kuthetseratu kwathunthu.
Chikhalidwe chokula
Kubzala topinambur kumafunika mizere, kusunga pakati pa mtunda wa 60 mpaka 80. Mu mzerewu, mtunda wa pakati pa zomera uyenera kukhala 30-40 masentimita. Ngakhale kuti artichoke ya Yerusalemu imatha kusuntha namsongole, m'zaka zoyamba za kulima ndikofunika kuyeretsa nthaka kuchokera ku zobiriwira. N'zosatheka kuteteza kukula kwa udzu wa tirigu ndikufesa nthula.
Mbewu
Mbewu imabzalidwa muzitsulo. Nthaka ikhale yotayirira ndipo imwani bwino chinyezi. Madzi ochepa sayenera kuloledwa. Mbewu imabzalidwa m'nthaka mozama pafupifupi masentimita 7. Nthaka iyenera kuthiriridwa.
Ndibwino kupanga bungwe la wowonjezera kutsekemera mwa kutseka chidebecho ndi chivindikiro kapena filimu. Topinambur amavala malo otentha komanso okongola. Njira imeneyi imatenga nthawi yambiri ndi khama, chifukwa Patapita kasupe mudzayenera kudzala mbewuzo.
Tubers
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti akuyala bwanji tubers. Zokolola zam'tsogolo zimadalira. Kawirikawiri, Jerusalem artichokes imakula muzitsulo zapadera, ndipo kuya kwake sikuli masentimita 15. Bzalani tubers ayenera kusindikizidwa ndi pang'ono, kuti asasokoneze mwachangu tuber.
Masabata oyambirira mutabzala, nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa.Izi zidzakuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi aeration yabwino. Pafupifupi masabata 2-3 akuwonekera. Akadutsa msinkhu wa masentimita 40 mpaka 50, ayenera kukhala ali pamtunda. Panthawi yomwe mumatha masentimita 80-100, artichoke ya Yerusalemu iyenera kumangidwa.
Mavuto ndi zovuta
Kubzala Yerusalemu atitchoku - osati ntchito yovuta, chifukwa chomera chosathachi ndi chodzichepetsa ndipo chimatha mizu mulimonse. Chinthu chokhacho chimene atitchoku ya Yerusalemu sichimakonda ndichokula kwambiri nthaka. Chomeracho chikhoza kuyamba kufota, slugs ndi nkhono zidzawonekera, zomwe zidzadya masamba omwe awonekera.
Akatswiri ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi amalephera kutulutsa kachipangizo ka atitchoku ku Yerusalemu ndi khungu loyera. Ndi chomera chimodzicho, mukhoza kupeza 2 kg ya tubers. Ngati pali mwayi wotere, ndi bwino kugula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya topinambur, yomwe imapereka zokolola zambiri.
