Freesia - kubzala ndi kusamalira kunyumba, mitundu yazithunzi

Fenceia (Freesia) - corms maluwa otuluka ku banja la Iris. Kwa zaka zambiri, tsinde limatha kukula mpaka mita imodzi. Duwa lomwe limamera panyumba limakhala locheperapo. Freesia amakula kwambiri. Nthawi ya maluwa kutengera nthawi yakubzala. Mababu obzalidwa m'chilimwe amasintha kukhala chopanda chopondera Chaka Chatsopano.

Maluwa akuluakulu amatha kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mu vivo, amapezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana a Africa. Kwawo kwa freesia amadziwika kuti ndi dera la Cape ku South Africa. Chifukwa chake, chomera chokongola, chonunkhira chomwe chimafanana ndi kakombo wa m'chigwacho, chimatchedwa kakombo wa Cape wa m'chigwacho. Mwa kukongola kwa masamba otseguka theka, amatchedwa duwa loyenererana ndi aristocrats.

Onaninso momwe kukula kwa arrowroot ndi araucaria.

	Mlingo wapakati wa chitukuko.
	Limamasula pakati pa kasupe.
	Zomera ndizosavuta kukula. Woyenera woyamba.
	Chomera chosatha.

Freesia: chisamaliro chakunyumba. Mwachidule

Nthawi zina freesia imapangitsa zofuna zake kuti zizikhala panyumba ndipo sizifulumira kutulutsa. Chomera chimaphuka ndi kugunda mtima uliwonse, ngati mungapange nyengo yabwino:

Njira yotentha	M'nyengo yozizira - osaposa + 23 ° C, m'chilimwe - mpaka + 18 ° C.
Chinyezi cha mpweya	Zapamwamba, kuyambira 60%.
Kuwala	Zowala; mawindo akumadzulo ndi kum'mawa ndi abwino.
Kuthirira	nthawi yamaluwa - pafupifupi katatu pa sabata, ndiye kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumachepetsedwa.
Dothi la kanjedza la Fenceia	Duwa ladziko lonse kapena chisakanizo cha mulingo wofanana wa tsamba, humus, mchenga, turf, peat.
Feteleza ndi feteleza	Pa maluwa, kamodzi masiku 15 ndi madzi padziko lonse feteleza, kuchepetsedwa.
Thirani masamba a Fenceia	Chulukani chaka chilichonse; corms obzalidwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa Ogasiti mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Disembala.
Kuswana	Makanda a ma corms kapena mbewu.
Kukula Zinthu	Mtengowo uli ndi tsinde loonda, lomwe limavuta kulimbana ndi inflorescence yolemetsa. Kuti muthandizire Freesia mwaulemu kugwira "mutu", khazikitsani chithandizo. Duwa limamasuka m'magulu ogulitsa. Chifukwa chake, ma corm angapo amabzalidwa mumphika umodzi nthawi.

Freesia: chisamaliro chakunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Freesia ndi chomera chowetedwa osati pamalo okakamizidwa kukula, komanso makamaka. Duwa limafikira nyengo yabwino, ngakhale nthawi zina limangokhala lokhalokha. Ndikunyumba komwe imawululira malo ake abwino kwambiri, maluwa amawoneka bwino komanso motalikirapo, amanunkhira bwino.

Freesia amayesetsa kuti adziwonetsere yekha ngati malo oyenera amupangira.

Tikufika freesia

Nthawi zambiri, freesia amabzalidwa miyezi isanu isanachitike chikondwererocho (chodzala kale, chomeracho chimatha kale pofika nthawi ino; kubzala mochedwa, masamba sadzakhala ndi nthawi yoti atsegule). Asanadzalemo, babuyo amathandizidwa ndi chowonjezera chowonjezera. Denga lokwanira komanso gawo lokonzekereratu limathiridwa pansi pa thankiyo ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 0.15 m.

Madzi ndi kuchepetsedwa potaziyamu - feteleza wa phosphorous. Apanso, gawo lapansi laling'ono limatsanuliridwa pamwamba. 4 mpaka 6 ma corm obzalidwa mumphika umodzi, ndikukula ndi 50 mm. Chovala chamaluwa chimasinthidwa kuchipinda chowala. Kutentha sikuyenera kupitirira + 15 ° C. Maluwa amtsogolo amakhala osathirira mpaka masamba atawonekera. Kenako duwa limayamba kuthiriridwa ndikukhala kumalo otentha.

Freesia pachimake

Nyanja yowoneka bwino imapereka freesia yamaluwa. Thupi lokongola limapatsidwa kolimba ndi maluwa a maluwa atatu kapena atatu. Kutalika kwa aliyense wa iwo kumatha kutalika masentimita 5, kutalika - masentimita 7. Maluwa osakhwima mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi mabelu. Mitundu ya ma petals imatha kukhala yosiyana: kuyambira yoyera mpaka mithunzi yosiyanasiyana yofiirira, chikasu, buluu, lilac.

Nthawi zambiri pharynx imadziwika ndi malo ocheperako. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti mitundu ya freesia ndi chikasu - petals ofiira amakula msanga kwambiri kuposa ena. Zomera zokhala ndi miyala yoyera matalala zimanunkhira bwino kwambiri. Maluwa a Fenceia amatha kuphatikizika kawiri (pamenepa amakonzedwa m'mizere iwiri) kapena yosavuta (yokhala ndi mzere umodzi).

Fenceia pambuyo maluwa

Pambuyo maluwa, freesia amafunikanso kusamalidwa mosamalitsa. Kwa masiku 30 mpaka 45, duwa limapitilirabe madzi. Kenako masamba ndi zitsamba zowuma zimachotsedwa, ma corm amakumbidwa ndikuthandizidwa ndi potaziyamu permanganate. Amawuma kwa milungu itatu.

Tayani mababu owonongeka; enawo amasungidwa m'chipinda chouma + 20 ° C mpaka kubzala. Onetsetsani kuti mukusamalira chinyezi, ayenera kukhala osachepera 75%. Kuti muchite izi, ikani chitseko chamadzi pafupi naye.

Njira yotentha

Pogwirizana ndi mbewu zomwe zimakonda kutentha komanso kunyumba, freesia ayenera kutsatira lamulo lapadera lotentha. M'nyumba, limamasula nthawi yozizira kapena masika. Kuti maluwa akhale ochulukirapo, pamafunika kutentha pang'ono + 20 - 22 ° C.

Kutentha kotsika kapena kukwera, duwa limakhala lopindika, masamba satukuka. M'chilimwe, mmera umafunika kuzizira. Freesia amasungidwa kutentha kwambiri, komwe sikuyenera kupitirira + 18 ° C.

Nthawi zambiri amalowetsa chipinda, koma ndikofunikira kuteteza duwa kuti lisakonzekere.

Kuwaza

Njira yothira maluwa imakulitsa chinyezi chipinda. Chomera chimakonda mpweya wonyowa, koma madontho amadzi amatha kuwononga masamba. Kusangalatsa freesia, kunyumba, chinyezi chimakulitsidwa m'njira zina. Mutha kuyika maluwa ndi duwa pamatayala okhala ndi timiyala tonyowa, kuyatsa chinyontho.

Kuwala

Maluwa amafunikira magetsi owala ndi kuwala kwa tsiku lalitali. Kuonetsetsa kuti kuunikako kumakhala kokwanira, kuwunikira kumbuyo komwe kumalimbikitsidwa ndi malamulo osunga freesia kunyumba kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kusamalira chomera kukusonyeza kuti ipeza kuwala kokwanira pazenera loyang'ana kumadzulo kapena kum'mawa. Pa zenera lakumwera, mthunzi masana ndikofunikira.

Dongosolo loyang'ana dzuwa limafupikitsa nthawi yamaluwa, masamba ndi ochepa.

Kuthirira

Pamene maluwa a freesia amafunika kuthirira pafupifupi masiku atatu aliwonse. Maluwa atakwanira, kuthirira kumayamba pang'onopang'ono. Pothilira madzi otentha otetezedwa bwino.

Kuti tisunge chinyontho kwa nthawi yayitali, hydrogel kapena sphagnum imayikidwa pachigogo ndipo nthawi zina imanyowa. Ndi isanayambike nyengo yotsika, chomera chimasiya kuthilira.

Dothi

Kwa freesia, yoyambira yoyambirira ya maluwa omwe ali ndi ndale acidity (pH 6.3 - 7) ndi yoyenera. Mutha kukonzekera osakaniza nokha, mutenga gawo lofanana la turf kumtunda, peat, mchenga, pepala kumtunda ndi humus.

Vermiculite, tchipisi ta njerwa kapena zidutswa za sphagnum zimawonjezeredwa. Izi zimapereka gawo lochulukirapo.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Freesia amadyetsedwa nthawi yamaluwa. Manyowa ndi umuna ziyenera kufikiridwa mosamala. Kuchulukitsa kwa zinthu ndi zokuthandizira kumayambitsa kufooka kwa mbewu ndikuwonongeka kwamaluwa. Ndondomeko akuphatikizidwa ndi kuthirira kwamadzulo.

Kamodzi m'milungu iwiri amagwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa mchere wa maluwa. Mankhwala amadzimadzi amadziwitsidwa ndi madzi kangapo. Pambuyo pa njirayi, freesia imasinthidwa kwa masiku awiri. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumayenera kupitilizidwa mpaka masamba atakhala achikasu konse.

Kupatsirana kwa Freesia

Kuthamangitsidwa kwa Freesia kumachitika chaka chilichonse. Corms sizimasiyidwa mumtsuko mutayamba maluwa. Amakumba pomwe masamba ake amasanduka achikasu, ndipo gawo lapansi litakhala louma kwathunthu. Asanadzalemo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisunge zinthu zobzala mu maukonde kuti zitsimikizire kuti mpweyule.

Mukawerengera nthawi yamaluwa, ma corms nthawi zambiri amabzala pansi kuyambira pakati pa Ogasiti mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Disembala.

Kudulira

Freesia amatha kunyadira kukongola kwa tchire lake: chilichonse chimagwirizana pamenepo, palibe "chowunikidwa" choyambirira. Koma patadutsa milungu isanu maluwa, atasiya kuthirira, kudulira kumachitika, kusiya "chitsa" chomera.

Nthawi yopumula

Pambuyo pamera lowala bwino, mbewuyo imapumula kwa miyezi itatu kapena isanu. Nthawi yopuma ya freesia zimatengera nthawi yamaluwa. Mukamaliza, ndikofunika kusunga zimbudzi kuti mupeze chomera cham'miyezi ingapo.

Zomera zobzala zimasungidwa pamalo okwera mpaka 60% ndi kutentha kwa 23 ° C. Masiku 15 kubzala kwatsopano kusanachitike, ma corms amasamutsidwa kumalo ozizira komanso osungika pa + 15 ° C.

Kukula freesia kwa mbewu

Pakati pa Epulo, freesia imatha kudulidwa kuchokera kumbewu. Okalamba mu njira yothetsera wa potaziyamu permanganate mbewu zobzalidwa pansi. Pambuyo pa milungu itatu, mphukira zimawonekera, pambuyo pake mbande zimasinthidwa kupita kumalo otentha ndikukula phytolamp m'kuwala, kuthilira ndi kudyetsa.

Pakudyetsa imwani kukonzekera kwamadzi komwe kumakhala zinthu zambiri, makamaka potaziyamu, phosphorous. Feteleza limapukutidwa ndi madzi ndikuyika kamodzi pakatha masiku 10. Zomera zomwe zimamera zimamera m'miphika yosiyanasiyana. Ngati angafune, freesia wamkulu kuchokera ku mbewu amabzalidwa pabedi la maluwa.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Freesia, wakula pakhomo, samadwala. Koma ngati chisamaliro sichikonzedwa bwino, zimakhudzidwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.

Nthawi zina mmera wadwala fusarium, corm imatha kuvunda chifukwa chothirira pafupipafupi. Babu yomwe yakhudzidwa imachotsedwa kwathunthu limodzi ndi dothi. Muphika suwuma. Ngati chimangacho chikakhudzidwa pang'ono, chimatsukidwa kuti chiwonongeke komanso kuthandizidwa ndi mafangayi. Ndikofunikira kukonza maluwa ena akukula limodzi ndi chidebe chomwechi.
Kuuma anyezi amalankhula zakugonjetsedwa ndi zowola zowuma za gladioli. Ndikosatheka kuteteza mbewu. Babu waponyedwa kunja.

Freesia imatha kugwidwa ndi nthata za akangaude, nsabwe za m'masamba, ndi kuponya. Duwa limathandizidwa ndi mankhwala okhala ndi phytoderm kapena mankhwala ena aliwonse. Chomera, chisamaliro, chimapereka maluwa owala nthawi yayikulu kwambiri.