Kulima katsitsumzu ka mankhwala kumapangidwira njira zonse zothandizira ndi zokongoletsera.
Chomera chimenechi chimapezeka m'madera a ku Ulaya, ku Caucasus ndi Kazakhstan.
Kufotokozera
Mankhwala a katsitsumzukwa ndi mankhwala osatha a banja la Liliana ndi machiritso.
Ili ndi rhizome yamphamvu ndi yolunjika imakhala yaikulu kufika mamita limodzi ndi theka mamita.
Zomwe zimayambira zimakhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, mumagulu omwe amatchedwa cladodia amapangidwa - mndandanda wa nthambi zamtundu.
Katsitsumzukwa kumamasula kumapeto kwa kasupe. Maluwa amapitirira mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Katsitsumzukwa maluwa kumera awiriawiri, atayikidwa mu axils a peduncles. Khala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira.
Zipatso ndi zipatso zobiriwira zomwe, zikapsa, zimakhala ndi mtundu wofiira. Katsitsumzukwa zipatso zipse mu September.
Yang'anani chithunzi cha katsitsumzukwa officinalis pansipa:
Mitundu ina yowonjezera ya katsitsumzu pa webusaiti yathu: Sprenger, Sickle, Pisty, Meyer.
Tsegulani kusamalira munda
Pakumera katsitsumzukwa kumafuna kusamalidwa bwino, komwe kumadalira kuthirira mopitirira malire, kupalira mmera nthawi zonse kuchokera kumsongole komanso kugwiritsa ntchito fetereza nthawi zonse.
Kukula ndi kuswana
Madeti okhwima katsitsumzu ndi ofanana ndi mawu okhutira mphesa. Nthawi yochokera ku katsitsumzukwa kubzala kukakolola kumatha zaka zitatu.
Poyamba chaka chachitatu, katsitsumzukwa kakuyamba chaka chilichonse kupereka mphukira zazing'ono kuyambira April mpaka July.
Ndi kulima koyenera, nthawi iyi imakhala zaka 16-20.
REFERENCE: Chaka chimodzi musanadzalemo katsitsumzukwa pamalo osatha a kulima mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha, m'pofunika kukula mbande.
Yambani kukula mbande
Poyamba, nyemba ziyenera kusungidwa m'madzi otentha kwa masiku 3-4, pamene zimamera bwino. Chombo cha mbeu chikhoza kuikidwa pafupi ndi batri kuti madzi asamatenthe.
Kenaka mbewuzo zikulumikizidwa mu mchere wothira, zimasungidwa mu zigawo zingapo ndikuyika mkati mwa chidebe chaching'ono. Gauze iyenera kukhala yothira nthawi zonse pamene chinyontho chimasanduka. Njira yobulitsira mbewu idzayambira sabata pambuyo pake.
MFUNDO: Nkhumba zambiri zikakulungidwa, ziyenera kusungidwa ndi kusungidwa m'firiji musanafese.
Kubzala ndi kuziika
Musanadzale mbande muyenera kukonzekera mabedi, kuwapatsa feteleza.
Kompositi kapena manyowa ovunda ndi oyenera monga feteleza. Nthaka iyenera kukumba bwino ndikumasula kuti ipange mpweya wabwino.
Kufika kumadalira zochitika izi:
Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April, mbewu zowonongeka zimabzalidwa mu grooves zomwe zinapangidwiratu masentimita awiri.
Mitengoyi iyenera kukhala patalika mamita 35-45 masentimita, ndipo mtunda wa pakati pa mbeu ufike pamtenti mamita 6-7.
MFUNDO: Pambuyo pa mbande ikukula mpaka masentimita 3-4 mu msinkhu, kupatulira kuyenera kuchitidwa, kusiya mbewu zamphamvu.
Pakati pa mphukira ndibwino kuti mupitirize mtunda wa masentimita 15.
Pakati pa chilimwe, tiyenera kupalira, tiyenera kuthirira madzi nthawi zonse ndipo tiyenera kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza pogwiritsa ntchito manyowa a ng'ombe kapena udzu wobiriwira.
Kumapeto kwa chilimwe mbewu idzakhazikitsa rhizome ndi pafupi 3-4 mphukira.
Ndi kufika kwa autumn zipatso kuonekera. Tsopano mukufunika kuchotsa zomera ndi zochepa za zipatso zofiira, kuziika pambali kuti zidzasinthira. Awa ndiwo akazi omwe amapereka mphukira zofooka komanso zopanda pake.
Mbande zikhoza kuchepetsedwa mu miphika. Ndiye zomera zotsutsa kwambiri zowonongeka zidzatuluka.
Kufesa mu miphika kumapangidwa molingana ndi magawo omwewo pa mabedi obiriwira.
Nthawi yofesa - May. Mu miphika ali ndi mbande yopatsidwa ndi modekha kufalitsa manyowa ndi mchenga.
Mbewu moyenera madzi okwanira. Okonzeka mbande amabzalidwa panja ndi nthawi ya chilimwe.
Kukolola
Kukolola kumayamba zaka zitatu pambuyo pa kumanga katsitsumzukwa. M'katikatikatikatikati a nyengoyi amachitira kutalika kwa kutalika kwa masentimita 20-25. Mphukira imayamba kudula kuyambira May. Izi zikhoza kuchitika tsiku ndi tsiku.
Njira yochepetsera mphukira imayamba ndi kusamba mosamala nthaka pansi pa mphukira. Kenako mphukira imadulidwa patali pamtunda wa masentimita awiri mpaka 4 kuchokera muzu, ndipo dzenje liikidwa m'manda.
M'chaka choyamba cha kukolola, 5-6 mphukira amadulidwa ku katsitsumzukwa m'masabata awiri mpaka awiri, ndipo chachiwiri ndi zaka zotsatira, pafupifupi 15-25 mphukira amadulidwa pa mbeu kwa miyezi 1.5.
Dulani mphukirazo zitsukidwe ndi madzi ozizira, omangidwa mu matumba 500-1000 magalamu ndikuyeretsanso mufiriji kapena chipinda chozizira bwino.
Kutentha mpaka 1 digiri Celsius, chinyezi mpaka 90% ndipo palibe fungo lolimbikitsidwa.
Choncho mphukirazo zimasungidwa kwa milungu itatu.
Kuwombera sikungathe kusonkhanitsidwa m'magulu, ndikugawanika mkati mwa mchenga wa mchenga.
Pambuyo pa kutha kwa katsitsumzukwa, nthaka imachiritsidwa Dziko lapansi limasulidwa, kukhuta ndi oxygen, madzi.
Ndiye zovuta mchere feteleza, peat, mbola yovunda imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Pindulani ndi kuvulaza
Zipumphu zamasamba zimakhala ndi mapuloteni ndi amino acid, mchere wosiyanasiyana, mavitamini.
Amino acid omwe ali ndi katsitsumzukwa katsabola kamene kamathandizira kulimbitsa impso, amathandiza kwambiri pa ntchito ya mtima, amachotsa urea kuchokera mu thupi laumunthu, komanso amathandizira kuthetsa kutopa.
Katsitsumzukwa ndi mankhwala otchuka mu zakudya. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu saladi ndi msuzi.
Mphukira yobiriwira imakhala yathanzi kusiyana ndi kuphulika.
Katsitsumzukwa kali ndi khalori yotsika. Chimafotokoza za mbewu zamasamba. Kulawa kumakhala kofanana ndi nandolo zobiriwira.
Katsitsumzukwa kotsutsana ndi matenda monga rheumatism, kutupa kosiyanasiyana kwa dongosolo la genitourinary.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
- Mpweya;
- Katsitsumzukwa kuwuluka;
- Katsitsumzukwa ratchet.
Katsitsumzukwa dzimbiri Amayambitsa bowa omwe amamera pa chomera.
Matenda omwe amapezeka kumapeto kwa kasupe sapereka poyamba, ndipo patapita nthawi, timayambira timakhala ndi mapepala otupa, omwe amatha kusonkhana pamodzi ndikupanga magulu opanga.
Chomeracho chimachepetsa kukula kwake, ndikupereka zokolola zazing'ono.
Matendawa amakhudza zomera zomwe zimabzalidwa pamtunda wambiri.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI: Pa chizindikiro choyamba, m'pofunika kuchotsa mphukira zakuwonongeka.
Katsitsumzukwa kuuluka - tizilombo tokhala ndi mapiko awiri a bulauni, timatha kutalika kwa 5mm. Ntchito youluka imakhala kuyambira April mpaka July.
Ntchentche imaika mazira pa katsitsumzukwa. Patangotha sabata, mphutsi zimatuluka, zomwe zimadula mazenera mkati mwa zimayambira. Chotsatira chake, chomeracho ndi chopunduka ndi chikasu.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI: Kulimbana ndi katsitsumzukwa ntchentche kungangodziwa nthawi ndi kuzichotsa. Mukamayendetsa milandu muyenera kukokera katsitsumzukwa kumalo ena.
Katsitsumzukwa ratchet - ndi kachilomboka kamene kakakhala ndi lalanje kumbuyo kwake ndi mimba yamdima, kutalika kufika 6 mm. Matenda a katsitsumzu kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June ndikukhalapo mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Amadula masamba ndi masamba a zomera. Chikumbuchi chimayika mazira pamwamba pa mphukira.
Nkhondoyo ndi kuwononga zitsamba za zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI: Ndi kupatsana kwakukulu kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, katsitsumzukwa chikufalikira ku malo atsopano.
Mankhwala a katsitsumzukwa katsitsidwe ka mankhwala amatha kutchedwa mankhwala ochizira komanso mankhwala othandiza kwambiri omwe amabweretsa ubwino wathanzi, koma kukula kumafuna udindo waukulu, khama komanso kuleza mtima.
