Cordilina - chisamaliro chakunyumba, chithunzi, mitundu

Cordylina (Cordylina) - chomera osatha kuchokera ku banja la Agave. Imapezeka m'nkhalango zotentha za ku Brazil, New Zealand, Australia. Pansi pamikhalidwe yachilengedwe, imakula mtengo wolimba womwe umatalika mpaka 16 m.Cililina wamkati umakula pang'onopang'ono, ndikukula ndikukula ndi 0.15 m pachaka.

Nthawi zambiri kunyumba mtengo umafika 35 - 90 cm, koma mitundu imadziwika kuti imamera kwawo mpaka 1.5m. Chomera, chometedwa bwino ndiudongo, chimataya masamba msanga pazaka zambiri. Chitsa chake chimakulira, ndipo chitsamba chimakhala ngati mtengo wamtali wamtali wokhala ndi rosette masamba pamwamba.

Kunyumba colilina sichimatulutsa. Zaka zitatu zilizonse zimatulutsa inflorescence yayitali yokhala ndi maluwa yaying'ono ngati nyenyezi. Osiyanasiyana pakukongoletsa ndi masamba osiyanasiyana. Zitha kukhala zobiriwira zokha, komanso zofiirira, zofiirira, zotupa zokhala ndi mikwingwirima yosiyana tsamba.

Momwe mungasiyanitsire cacilina ndi dracaena

Cordilina nthawi zambiri amalakwitsa ngati chomera chofanana ndi icho - dracaena. Kusiyana kowoneka kuli masamba. Masamba a Cordilina ali ndi petioles, mitsempha imayenderera pakati pa masamba, ena onse amapatikapo. Masamba a dracaena alibe petioles; Mitsempha yama masamba a dracaena ali ofanana.

Muzu wa dracaena ndi wowongoka, wodulidwa - lalanje-wachikasu. Pa colilina imakutidwa ndi mfundo ndi ma cones (dzinali limachokera kuno, mu Greek cylylle - "cone, knot"), kumaso - oyera. Chipatso cha Dracaena chili ndi mbewu imodzi, chipatso cha cordilina - mpaka 20.

Cordilina amasamalira kunyumba (mwachidule)

Kunyumba, sizinthu zamtundu uliwonse zomwe zimamera m'thengo zomwe zimatha kulimidwa: kusowa kwa kuwala, malo ndi kuwuma kwa mpweya wabwino kumakhudzira. Cordilina kunyumba amakula bwino ngati mumupangira zinthu zabwino:

Chomera chimakhala chosasinthika, koma pali mawonekedwe a kukula kwa cordilina. Kuti thunthu loonda lipirire kulemera kwa masamba, limathandizidwa ndi chithandizo - chubu chokutidwa ndi ulusi wa coconut, kapena timitengo ta bamboo. Chitsamba chopanda thunthu chimakula popanda kuthandizira. Mtengowo uyenera kutetezedwa ku zojambula ndi dontho lakuthwa.

Kupangitsa kuti masamba atsopano akhazikike, nthawi ndi nthawi amadula ofooka. Masamba nthawi zonse amapukutidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa pokonza kuti inyowetse ndikuyeretsa pamwamba pawo.

Kusamalira cordilina kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

Kunyumba kanyumba kosazungulira, kumagwirizana ndi zomwe adamupanga mnyumba. Ngati ali okwanira, ndiye kuti kukulira "kanjedza wabodza" zovuta zambiri zitha kupewedwa.

Kubzala kwa Cordilina

Kubzala cylilina ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yomwe zimera ndizomera. Cordilina amakonda nthaka yokhala ndi asidi (pH kuzungulira 6.5). Nthaka ikhoza kukonzedwa mosadalira powonjezera gawo limodzi la mchenga (perlite) ndi peat ku magawo atatu a dimba lamunda. Mutha kugula dothi losakanikirana ndi maluwa.

Miphika ya chomera chachikulire imasankhidwa pamwamba: nthambi zoumbika za pambuyo pake zimapereka pang'ono, mizu yake imakula kwambiri. Ngati ngalande, dothi lakuya kapena dothi losweka limayikidwa pansi. Gwirani ntchito ndi chitsamba mosamala kuti musawononge mizu. Yesetsani kuti musazitse khosi lamizu.

Nthawi zambiri baka zingapo zimabzalidwa pafupi: kotero mbewu yofowoka yopanda mawonekedwe imawoneka yokongola kwambiri. Mitundu yayikulu imabzalidwa mosiyana. M'nyumba, cordilina amakula pachokhazikika kapena pawindo.

Maluwa ofanana

Maluwa ofuwala panyumba ndi osowa. Nthawi zambiri cordilina amakula mwadala ngati chomera chokongoletsera masamba.

Masamba akuluakulu okhaokha amatulutsa maluwa, amapanga maluwa ang'onoang'ono amtundu wa kirimu kapena utoto wofiirira pamiyendo yayitali. Mitundu yambiri imafunikira nyengo yozizira kuti ichimere.

Njira yotentha

Kuti duwa la cordilin lizikhala momasuka pakhomo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzisamalira kutentha.

Ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kutentha kuzungulira + 18 - 23 ° C m'chipindacho. Ngati chitsamba sichithirira madzi m'nyengo yozizira, chimatha kupirira mpaka + 13 ° C. Cordilina amatetezedwa ku kukonzekera komanso dontho lakuthwa kwambiri.

Kuwaza

Kumwaza - njira yothandiza pamera otentha. Ndi chithandizo chake, cordilina amapeza chinyezi chowonjezera chomwe amafunikira. Mlingo wa chinyezi uyenera kukhala 80%.

Potentha komanso nthawi yotentha, masamba a mtengowo amathothomoka ndi madzi oundana kamodzi patsiku. Izi zimachitika bwino nthawi yamadzulo kapena nyengo yamvula. Pambuyo pa njirayi, kugwedezeka ndikofunikira kuti dzuwa lisatenthe masamba.

Kuwala

Kuti coliline ikule bwino, chisamaliro cha kunyumba chimaphatikizapo kulandira kuwala kokwanira. Mitundu yokhala ndi masamba obiriwira imamera nthawi zambiri ndimthunzi wocheperako, mitundu yokhala ndi masamba amtundu wina imakonda kuyatsa nyali zowala, kotero ndikwabwino kuyika cordilina pazenera loyang'ana kum'mawa, kumpoto chakum'mawa ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo.

Ngati mawindo ayang'anizana kumwera kapena kumadzulo, chomera chimayikidwa pambali pazenera ndikuwazunguliridwa ndi makatani. Ngati kulibe kuwala kwachilengedwe kokwanira, nyali za fluorescent zimayikidwa (alimi ena amalangizidwa kuti aphatikizire phytolamps zamitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana).

Kuthirira

Cordilina amakonda kuthirira pang'ono. Kuchepetsa chinyezi kumatsogolera kuzola mizu. Ndizosatheka kulola dothi lomwe lili mumphika kuti lizimiriratu. Cordilina amathiriridwa madzi ngati madziwo aduma mpaka masentimita 3. M'nyengo yozizira, izi zimachitika nthawi 1 m'masiku 7, nthawi zina - kawiri m'masiku 7.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mitundu yokhala ndi miyendo yotakata chilimwe imafunikira chinyezi chambiri kuposa yopendekera. Madzi abwino ndi otentha; mulch ndi coconut gawo lapansi kapena makungwa ophwanyika.

Nthawi ndi nthawi, mumawotha shawa yabwino.

Mphika wa Cordilina

Nthawi yoyamba mtengo wobzalidwa mchidebe chaching'ono, pomwe chimakula, m'mimba mwake cha chidebe chimakulitsidwa ndi 1.5 cm poyerekeza ndi woyamba. Chomera chimapanga mphukira zochepa. Chifukwa chake, mphika wa cordilina umafunikira kutenthedwa, kuti palibe chomwe chingalepheretse mizu kuyenda.

Sikoyenera kutenga mphika wokulirapo kwambiri chifukwa chitsamba chaching'ono: mizu sangathe kuluma nthaka momwemo, zowola zawo ziyamba. Pansi pamafunika kukhala ndi mabowo otulutsira madziwo.

Cordilina primer

Cordilin kunyumba amatha kumera bwino mumitundu yonse ya mgwalangwa yomwe mungagule. Mutha kukonzekera dothi la cililina, mutenga gawo limodzi la peat ndi mchenga, magawo atatu a dothi lamunda. Mukamasankha dothi, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti chomera chimakonda nthaka ndi acidic kapena osalowerera (pH pamitundu 6 - 6, 5), yopanda chonde ndi yachonde. Nthawi zina gawo lapansi limasinthidwa ndi makala ophwanyika a birch (amateteza ku zowola) kapena kuwumba njerwa (adzakulitsa kulimba).

Moss okhala ndi dimba komanso dothi lina la m'munda limawonjezedwa kunthaka yonse. Pofuna kuteteza cordilina ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, dothi limazingira kapena louma. Dongo limayikidwa pansi pa mphika kuti lisasokere madzi ndi nthaka.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Kuthira manyowa ndi kuthira manyowa ndikofunikira pakukula kwa mbeuyo. Amapanga kuperewera kwa michere komwe cordilina amakumana nako pakukula kwambiri. Izi zimachitika kuyambira kumapeto kwa Marichi mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala.

Feteleza kumachitika ndi zovuta feteleza wazakudya zam'madzi chomera - kamodzi pa masiku 14 (feteleza wa madzi amachepetsedwa ndi madzi ofunda, okhazikika, omwe atagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo kuthirira). Ndikothekanso kuchita masewera ovala bwino kumadzulo kapena nyengo yamvula. Kuyambira pakati pa Seputembala mpaka kumapeto kwa mwezi wa Marichi, cordilina amapumula, panthawiyi ndizosatheka kuti chithandizire kukula, kuti mbewuyo isathe.

Kuyika kwa Cordilina

Kupatsira kwa Cordilina kumachitika mchaka. Mitengo yaying'ono imalowetsedwa chaka chilichonse, itatha kukhwima - itatha zaka zitatu, pomwe mizu imaphimba dothi lonse. Ngati chingwe sichikuyambitsa nkhawa ndikukula bwino, ndibwino kuti chisasokoneze: chilichonse chosinthika ndichipsinjo cha mtengowo. Nthawi zina kumuika kumachitika nthawi zambiri (ngati chitsamba chakula mwamphamvu, ndipo mizu yake imatuluka kuchokera m'maenje okumbamo kapena, m'malo mwake, kukula kumayima; mizu ikuvunda; tizilombo takhazikika pansi).

Chomera chachikulu chimasinthidwa mu chidebe chatsopano, chomwe mulifupi mwake ndi 1.5 masentimita kuposa wakale, kuyesera kuti tisawononge mizu. Mutha kusintha kabokosidwe kamodzi pachaka. Kugula, mtengo umawonedwa kwa masiku angapo: kodi pali matenda, tizilombo m'nthaka.

Mtengowo ukakhudzidwa, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndikuwokanirana mumphika watsopano. Pambuyo pakuwonjezereka, colilina imasungidwa mumthunzi kwa masiku angapo kuti izitha kusintha. Pambuyo masabata awiri, mutha kudyetsa.

Kudulira

Kudulira kwa ofooka ofooka ndikofunikira kuti kukonzanso kwa cililina kupangidwe ndi korona wama masamba owunda, chifukwa kumayambitsa kukula kwa masamba ofananira nawo. Pamwamba pa chitsamba pamadulidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa bwino (ndikofunikira kuti kachidutswaka kamakhala osachepera 6 cm, kamasamba angapo ndipo sikalinso kobiriwira, koma kopepuka bulauni, i.e. kakang'ono konyowa).

Malowo odulidwa amawaza ndi makala opera. Pakatha milungu iwiri, mphukira zazing'ono zimawonekera. Pamwamba pamazika madzi kapena chisakanizo cha mchenga ndi peat. Pambuyo pakuwonekera kwa mizu, imadzalidwa mumphika wochepa.

Nthawi yopumula

Nthawi yodzala mbewuyi imagwera kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira - chiyambi cha masika. Pakadali pano, cordilina amaletsa kukula ndikuyamba mphamvu. Mtengowo umakonzedwanso m'chipinda chozizira. Pofuna kuti zisazizire mizu yake, mphikawo umayikidwa pachidutswa cha nkhuni kapena polystyrene.

Kutentha kwa + 15 ° C, kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachepa.

Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, nyali zowonjezera za LED kapena fluorescent zimayikidwa. Pa nthawi yopuma, colilina samadyetsedwa.

Kubereka kwa cordilina

Kubwezeretsanso kwa cordilina ndikotheka m'njira zingapo:

Kufalitsa kwa Rhizome

Chotsani tchire mumphika. Chimbudzi chimatsukidwa. Chidacho chimasiyanitsidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa bwino. Malowo odulidwa amawazidwa ndi ufa wa malasha, wouma ndi kuwokedwa mu chisakanizo chonyowa cha mizu (peat, mchenga, dothi la pepala, mutengedwa Mlingo wofanana). Phimbani ndi polyethylene. Sipingyo imasungidwa + 25 ° C, kuthiriridwa, kupatsidwamo mpweya, kupopera. Patatha mwezi umodzi, mizu ikakula, adaika mbiya yayikulu.

Kufalikira kwa codilina ndikudula

Kufalitsa ndi zodula: tengani kumtunda kapena tsinde la wokongola, wokhala ndi 1 mpaka 4 masentimita (pafupifupi 12 cm). Yabzala mu nthaka yozika mizu (apical stalk ikhoza kuzika mizu powonjezera chowonjezera cha mapangidwe a mizu). Madzi ndikuphimba ndi thumba. Khalani ndi + 27 ° C. Samalirani mmera. Pakatha masiku pafupifupi 30, pomwe mizu yake imawonekera, imasokonekera mumphika.

Kukula kwa cyilina kuchokera ku mbewu

Mbewu zofesa zimafunikira mwatsopano (zimataya kumera kwake). Amanyowa mu "Epin" kapena "Zircon", zofesedwa mchaka mu chisakanizo cha dothi lamchenga ndi mchenga (1: 1). Mbewu zimamera mosiyanasiyana, zimamera kwa nthawi yayitali. Zomera m'nyumba zobiriwira pang'ono + 28 ° C.

Njira zonse ndi zophweka, koma zotchuka kwambiri ndizoyambirira za 2. Mbewu zamaluwa zamaluwa Cililina sichimabala, ngakhale mtengo wobzalidwa kuchokera kumtengo umakwaniritsidwa mchipinda chonse.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Cordilina ndi chomera chosalemera. Ngati mutayambitsa mikhalidwe yoyenera, matenda ndi tizirombo titha kuzilambalala, apo ayi chitsamba chija chimangokhala chete osatchulira zakunja kwa zovuta:

• phesi ya cordilina rots - chinyezi chambiri (muzu pamwamba);
• mawanga opepuka ndi owuma pamasamba - kuwala kambiri (mthunzi);
• mawanga a bulauni pamasamba a cordillin - kusowa kwa chinyezi (kutsanulira madzi ambiri, kuphimba ndi filimu ndikuiika mumthunzi kwa maola angapo);
• Masamba amakhala ofewa, a colilina amasintha khungu, masamba azipindika - mbewuyo ndi yozizira (ikonzanso pamalo otentha);
• nsonga ndi m'mbali mwa chingwe cha masamba ailili, masamba otsika amagwera - mpweya wouma kwambiri m'chipindacho (kutsitsi; ngati masamba otsika pazitseko zokhwima atagwa - chodabwitsa chazolimbitsa thupi, chotsani masamba adagwa panthawi);
• khungu limazirala - kusowa kwounikira (kukonzanso m'malo owala);
• cordilina amakula bwino - kusowa kwa michere (chakudya);
• mu cordilina masamba kuvunda ndi kugwa - chinyezi chambiri komanso hypothermia (konzanso pamalo otentha, kuyang'anira kuthirira);
• Masamba amatembenuka chikasu ndikufa - mpweya wouma, kuchepa kwa zakudya (kupopera, chakudya);
• Masamba amafota, koma osaphwa, mphukira kutaya elasticity - matenda oyamba ndi fungal (fungicides amagwiritsidwa ntchito; ngati mizu yovunda, muzu wa phulusa).

Chipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wouma, wotentha, colilin imakhudzidwa ndi nkhanambo, mealybug, nsabwe za m'masamba, zotupa, ndi maula a kangaude. Tizirombo timakopeka ndi masamba achichepere. Ndikovuta kulimbana ndi tizilombo, ndibwino kuti tisalole mawonekedwe awo.

Mitundu ya nyumba ya cordilina yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Cordilina wakunyumba akuimiridwa ndi mitundu isanu. Onse a iwo ndi otchuka.

Cordilina apical (shrubby) / Cordyline terminalis (fruticosa)

Mtundu wotchuka kwambiri wa cordilina wanyumba. Thunthu loonda (m'mimba mwake mpaka 1.5 cm) ndi nthambi. Kutalika kwa masamba - 10cm, kutalika - 50 cm. Kutalika kwa petiole wokuthirayo kumafika mpaka 0, 15 mita. Green lanceolate masamba okhala ndi mikwingwirima kapena m'mbali mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana (rasipiberi, pinki yoyera, yofiyira). Inflorescence ndi mantha otayirira.

Cordilina osavomerezeka (Cordyline indivisa)

Mtundu wonyentchera kwambiri panyumba. Masamba ndiwotalikirapo. Green ndi chingwe chofiira kapena chikasu pakati. Nthawi zina amakhala ndi mzere woonda m'mphepete.

Cordilina kum'mwera (Cordyline australis)

Masamba obiriwira atali ochepa. Pamwamba amisonkhana mulu. Mzere wobiriwira wopepuka ukusunthira papepala. Kuopa inflorescence yayitali kumapangidwa ndi maluwa oyera onunkhira. Chimawoneka ngati kanjedza.

Cordilina molunjika (Cordyline stricta)

Thunthu lalitali lowongoka. Masamba yopapatiza yayitali lanceolate kapena liniya mawonekedwe. Utoto wobiriwira kapena wofiirira. Kutalika kwa ma sheet - 3 cm, kutalika - mpaka 60 cm.

Cordilina Banks (Cordyline banksii)

Thunthu lake ndi loonda. Masamba okhala ndi lanceolate okhala ndi petioles zazitali amamangidwa. Masamba ndiwobiliwira, kunsi kwake ndi kobiriwira. Amakonda ozizira.

Cordilina, mwiniwake wa masamba owoneka bwino kwambiri, adasinthiratu zochitika zapakhomo. Kukula pang'onopang'ono, kupirira komanso kusasamala kumapangitsa mbewu kukhala nyumba yabwino. Mtengowo umakondera ndi masamba okongola obiriwira chaka chonse, ngatiupatsidwa chidwi.