Nkhani zoyambirira zakale kwambiri za zaka 30 zapitazo. Maluwa nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chidwi kwa wamaluwa. Fuchsia sanathenso kudandaula kwazaka zambiri. M'zaka zaposachedwa, mitundu yatsopano yambiri yawonekera. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza za kufalitsa kwa fuchsia ndi zodula kunyumba.
Kufalikira kwa fuchsia ndi zodula kunyumba
Chomerachi chimachita chidwi ndi maluwa ake okongola. Chimodzi mwazinthu za fuchsia ndikupanga maluwa pang'onopang'ono. Chifukwa chake, maluwa amatuluka pafupifupi chilimwe chonse.
Fuchsia m'magalasi
Zambiri! Duwa ili lidapatsidwa dzina kuchokera kwa wasayansi wotchuka waku Germany L. Fuchs. Chomerachi chimatchedwanso ballerina. Izi ndichifukwa cha mawonekedwe apadera a maluwa, omwe amabweretsa nsapato za ballet - tutus.
Kukula fuchsia sikutanthauza kuchita zambiri. Ngakhale wolima samba atha kuchita izi. Njira yosavuta yoyambira ndikugula duwa lomalizira mu shopu yapadera. Kuchokera pamenepo, mtsogolomo, mutha kubzala zinthu ndikukula mbewu zingapo kale.
Amakhulupirira kuti kufalitsa fuchsia sikovuta. Pali njira ziwiri: kugwiritsa ntchito njere ndi odulidwa.
Kodi fuchsia amafalitsidwa bwanji?
Pofalitsa dimba kunyumba, kudula kumakondedwa kwambiri. Komabe, ndizolowanso kugwiritsa ntchito kulima mbewu. Mukamaganiza momwe mungafalitsire fuchsia, muyenera kuwunika kusiyana kwake.
Tcherani khutu! Popeza mitundu yosakanizidwa ya ma faso tsopano imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti sizifalitsa katundu wawo ndi mbewu. Kuti mbewu zikule motere, mbewu ziyenera kugulidwa kwa obereketsa. Pokhapokha pamenepa ndi pomwe munthu angatsimikize kuti nthumwi yamitundu iyi itakula mwa iwo.
Pofalitsa ndi odulidwa, zinthu sizosiyana. Maluwa omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira iyi amabwereza kwathunthu katundu wa makolo. Izi sizifunikira mphamvu yowonjezereka.
Kuphatikiza apo, kusiyana pamitundu iwiriyi kumakhalanso chifukwa chakuti kukula kuchokera kumbewu ndi njira yovuta kwambiri komanso yayitali kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito kudula.
Duwa
Ubwino wa Cherenkovanie
Iyi ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yofalitsira fuchsia kunyumba. Izi ndichifukwa choti pochita izi pamakhala njira yosinthira kuchokera kwa chomera cha kholo, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta.
Momwe mungabzalire fuchsia ndi zodula
Pesi ikazika mizu, imafunika kuiwokererapo. Izi zifunikira nthaka yina. Iyenera kukhala ndi pH yosatenga mbali. Pansi pa mphikawo, pomwe fuchsia adayikidwapo, ikani chosanjikiza.
Ngati mumabzala fuchsia, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mizu ya mbewu. Izi ndichifukwa choti zimakhala zosalimba ndipo zimatha kuthyoka. Mutabzala, fuchsia amathiriridwa ndimadzi ofunda okhazikika.
Popeza roch fuchsia yodula ndi zodula sizovuta, njirayi imapezeka kwa aliyense. Chachikulu ndichakuti musaiwale kusiya cholembera pamoto ndikulongosola za mbewuyo. Mizu imatha pamene fuchsia iyamba kukula mwachangu.
Tcherani khutu! M'pofunika kudziwa pasadakhale malo okhazikika odulira maluwa. Simalola kusunthika, motero ndikofunika kuti muchepetse.
Kuti mufalitse fuchsia, ndikofunikira kusankha poto momwe udzakulire. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito kunyumba, iwo omwe mainchesi ake ndi 8-10 masentimita nthawi zambiri amatengedwa. Izi sizingathe overheat.
Momwe mungayambire fuchsia
Njira yodziwira mizu fuchsia pogwiritsa ntchito cuttings ndi motere.
Kukonzekera
Popeza ndibwino kudula fuchsia kasupe, zotsatirazi ziyenera kuchitika pasadakhale. Podzala, kudula kwa masentimita 10-12 mumagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Ndikofunikira kuti akhale ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu a masamba. Kudula kumachitika ndi mpeni wakuthwa, kulekanitsa phesi ndi oblique incision.
Zofunika! Pambuyo pakupatukana, muyenera kupatsa nthawi kuti ilere. Izi nthawi zambiri sizitenga mphindi 15.
Gawo lofunikira pakufalitsa kwa fuchsia ndi njira yozizira. Pofuna kulimbikitsa zodulidwazo kuti zikule mwachangu, kagawo kamathandizidwa ndi mawonekedwe apadera kuti azilimbikitsidwa. Rootin, zircon, heteroauxin kapena epin amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazolinga izi.
Thirani
Njira zakulera
Zidutswa zimafunika kubzala m'mbale zapulasitiki ndi madzi. Pankhaniyi, masamba apansi ayenera kuchotsedwa. Ngati izi sizichitika, ndiye kuti mukukula kwawo amatsamira ndikugumana ndi madzi. Izi zingayambitse kuwonongeka. Kwa fuchsia, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi osalala. Zimatenga pafupifupi milungu iwiri kuti mizu ikule.
Njira ina yozika mizu yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi iyi. Zidutswa zimafunika kubzalidwe mumapulasitiki okhala ndi gawo lapansi lapadera. Pa izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito utuchi kapena vermiculite. Izi zikuyenera kupukutidwa.
Njira ina yofalitsira ndikugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi a peat. Musanabzale, ndikofunikira kuti mulowerere ndi madzi ofunda, osakhazikika. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito njirayi, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa mizu kumachitika. Potere, mtengo wake umafika 99%.
Zitha kubzalidwe mu osakaniza dothi. Kuti izi zitheke komanso kuti mpweya usadutse, mchenga kapena vermiculite uyenera kuwonjezeredwa. Mukabzala zodula, muyenera kuthirira madzi ambiri.
Momwe amakulira
Mukabzala, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti wowonjezera kutentha akubwera. Kuti muchite izi, chidebe chokhala ndi zotumphukira chimayenera kukumbidwa ndi chosanjikiza cha cellophane kapena chidutswa chagalasi. Ndikofunika nthawi zonse kugwira mpweya wabwino. Ma fomu opereka, ayenera kuchotsedwa.
Zopezerazo ziyenera kuyikidwa pamalo owira bwino, komabe, siziyenera kuyatsidwa. Zoyenera kutentha ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa: zikumera ziyenera kukhala zotentha, koma osati kutentha kwambiri. Ndikwabwino ngati wowonjezera kutentha agwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa zodula.
Tcherani khutu! Pochoka ndikofunikira kuti nthaka isamere. Nthawi iliyonse nthaka ikauma, ndikofunikira kuthirira fuchsia.
Mapangidwe a mizu akangoyamba, mphukira iyenera kubzalidwa. Monga zotengera zokulira fuchsia, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi kapena zida zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki, komanso miphika yaying'ono.
Mavuto omwe mungakhale nawo posamalira fuchsias
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kudula kumayenera kuchitika motsata malamulo otsatirawa.
Mulingo woyenera
Kutentha kwambiri sikuyenera kuphwanyidwa. Kutentha sikuyenera kugwa pansi pa 14 ° C kapena kukwera pamwamba pa 24 ° C.
Ngakhale kuthilira kumafunikira kuti mizu yake isaphwe, ndikofunikanso kutsanulira tchire kamodzi pa tsiku. Nthawi yozizira ikadzafika, moyo wa mbewuyo umazizira. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yozizira, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa.
Kuunikira koyenera kuyenera kuperekedwa. Fuchsia amakonda kuwala kowala, koma sikuyenera kutentha. Kusankha kwabwino kwambiri ndi kuyatsa kochulukirapo. Mukakulitsa kunyumba kwa fuchsia, mawonekedwe a zenera pafupi ndi mawindo oyatsa kwambiri adzakhala malo abwino kwambiri.
Zofunika! Ndikusowa kwa kuwala kwachilengedwe, kuunika kokumba kungagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Maluwa akangotuluka, osavomerezeka kusinthitsa duwa kumalo atsopano. Chifukwa cha izi, maluwa amatha kusiya.
Panjira, fuchsia imatha kukula ngati ili pamthunzi.
Kuthirira ndikofunikira nthawi iliyonse pamwamba dothi likayamba kupukuta. Nthawi yotentha, ndikofunikira kuchita njirayi tsiku ndi tsiku.
Zambiri! Ampelic fuchsias amakula ndikuyika zodula zingapo mumphika umodzi.
Kubzala fuchsia kudula
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Maluwa amafunika kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi. Kwa izi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ovuta. Izi ziyenera kuchitika panthawi yomwe masamba a fuchsia amatulutsa. Panthawi imeneyi, muyenera kusankha feteleza wokhala ndi phosphorous komanso potaziyamu yambiri. Kudyetsa kumayenera kuchitika sabata iliyonse pachaka chonse kupatula nyengo yachisanu. Fuchsia yemwe amakula mumsewu amafunika kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza wachilengedwe.
Tcherani khutu! Nthawi iliyonse masika, maluwa amenewa amafunika kuikidwa kukhala dothi latsopano.
Zosamalidwa
Udindo wofunikira umasewera ndikuchotsa maluwa ndi masamba. Ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kumasula nthaka. Kuti muchepetse tizirombo, muyenera kuyang'ana chomera.
Ngati palibe kuwala kokwanira, ndiye mbewuyo imatha kugwetsa maluwa. Zimayambira mu machitidwe otere zidzakulitsidwa kwambiri.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti mizu siyikulankhula bwino chifukwa cha kuchuluka. Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi fuchsia m'malo oterowo kuti kutentha kwa duwa kumveke bwino.
Ngakhale maluwawo sakhala osasamala, muyenera kulingaliranso kuti salola chinyezi chambiri. Vutoli lisanathe mu nthawi, ndiye kuti mizu imawola, yomwe imafalikira masamba. Zotsatira zake, duwa amatha kufa.
Kukula mumidzi yamapulasitiki
Kuteteza Tizilombo ndi Matenda
Kukhalapo kwa chinyezi chambiri kumapangitsa kuti mbewuyo ikhale ndi matenda oyamba ndi imvi. Pofuna kuchiza fuchsia kuchokera pamenepo, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera a fungicidal. Itha kuthandizanso malonda omwe ali ndi mkuwa wambiri.
Tcherani khutu! Mankhwalawa matenda a fungal, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi a Bordeaux mu ndende ya 1% ndikothandiza.
Kwa mbewu, matenda a dzimbiri nawonso ndi ngozi. Apa ndipamene mawanga a mawonekedwe achikasu a lalanje amawoneka pamasamba. Pa gawo loyamba la matenda, masamba am'munsi amayamba kugwa kwambiri. M'tsogolo, ena onse amagwa. Ngati muthandizira duwa lomwe lili ndi matenda a Virtan, ndiye kuti lithandizanso kuchiritsa duwa.
Osati matenda okha, komanso tizirombo titha kukhala owopsa pachomera. Ma nsabwe, nthata za akangaude ndi zovala zoyera kugulira maluwa. Tizilomboti, tokhala ndi fuchsia, timapezeka m'munsi mwa masamba ndipo timadya zipatso zake. Zikatero, masamba amauma, amatembenuka chikasu ndikugwa, chifukwa salandira zakudya.
Pofuna kuthana ndi tizirombo tina, tizirombo toyambitsa matenda tikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Fuchsia kumuika mu April
Popeza duwa lirilonse la kasupe limafunikira kuti fuchsia iduledwe m'nthaka yatsopano, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungachitire bwino.
Zoyenera kuperekedwa
M'malo atsopano, zotsatirazi ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa fuchsia.
- Muyenera kusankha malo abwino omwe fuchsia adzaime. Sakonda kusunthira, chifukwa atasinthira kudziko lapansi latsopano, mphikawo uyenera kuyikidwanso pamalo omwe idalipo kale.
- Ndikofunika kuganizira momwe chomeracho chikhala ndi kusinthana kwa mpweya. Fuchsia amamva bwino ngati akukula mumapangidwe kapena ali mlengalenga kwa nthawi yayitali. Afunika kuperekanso mpweya wokwanira.
- Dothi lingagulidwe ku malo ogulitsira. Kwa maluwa, chilengedwe chopangidwa chokonzekera china chilichonse chitha kugulidwa ku sitolo yapadera.
Amaloledwa kuphika pansi nokha. Izi ziyenera kuchitika motere. Ndikofunikira kutenga mbali zofanana, mchenga, pepalalo, komanso kompositi kapena peat. Kuti zipangizidwe zikhale zokwanira, muyenera kuwonjezera perlite kapena vermiculite. Zitha kukhala zothandiza pachomera ngati mukuwonjezera chakudya cha mafupa kuwonjezera. Izi zikuthandizani kuti fuchsia pachimake kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, ndikokwanira kuchepetsa 1 tbsp. spoonful ufa uliwonse lita imodzi yokonzekera.
Zofunika! Sizovomerezeka kuti chomera chimagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wouma. Chinyezi cha osachepera 60% ndichabwino kwa iye. Sayenera kukhala yayikulu kwambiri (pamwamba pa 70%), chifukwa mtengowo sugwirizana bwino ndi kuthilira madzi. Ngati ndi kotheka, chinyezi chitha kusamalidwa ndi kupopera madzi. Kumwaza kumatha kuchitika pamasamba kapena pafupi ndi mbewu.
Thirani njira
Magawo olembetsa a Fuchsia:
- Ndikofunikira kutenga mphika wophika ndikutsanulira pansi wosanjikiza pansi. Ndikokwanira kuti makulidwe ake ndi 2 cm.
- Onjezani dothi laling'ono.
- Zomerazo ziyenera m'malo mwake ndi zovala za dziko lapansi lakale. Pankhaniyi, mizu idzatetezedwa kuti iwonongeke.
- Kugwira fuchsia ndi dzanja lanu kuchokera kumbali ndi kuchokera pamwamba, onjezerani dothi lokonzedwa.
- Thirirani mbewuyo zochuluka. Ndikofunikira kuti pasakhale kukokomeza.
Kupaka kukamaliza, zimakhala zofunikira kupopera mbewuzo ndi chothandizira kukula. Kwa izi, mankhwala a epin ndi oyenera.
Tsatirani chisamaliro
Mukamadyetsa, ndikofunikira kuganizira gawo lomwe duwa limamera. Panthawi yakukula kwambiri, mbewuyo imafunikira nayitrogeni, ndipo nthawi ya maluwa, feteleza, yemwe ali ndi potaziyamu yambiri ndi phosphorous. Zovala zamaluwa zomwe zimamera mchipinda ziyenera kuchitika sabata.
Zofunika! Zakudya zam'madzi zimatha kuyamwa bwino ndi fuchsia ngati zimaperekedwa ngati kutsitsi. Fuchsia amathandizidwa ndi zokonzekera zomwe zimakhala ndi magnesium, boron, zinki, chitsulo ndi manganese.
Kufalitsa fuchsia mnyumba kapena nyumba, sikutanthauza luso lapadera. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuchita ndondomeko yonse moyenera. Ndi chidziwitso chofunikira, mutha kukula fuchsia popanda kuwopa mavuto.
