Kodi larch amawoneka bwanji, mawonekedwe a korona ndi mizu yake

Zomwe zili zachiwerewere sizomwe aliyense amadziwa. Kodi zikuwoneka bwanji m'chilengedwe, malo ake ndi chiyani, kusiyana kwake ndi ma conifers ena, mitundu ingati yomwe ili ndi mitunduyi, malongosoledwe amtundu wapaderawu adzaperekedwa m'nkhaniyi.

Kulongosola Kwachikhalidwe

Sayansi ya biology imati larch ndi ya ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, a class Conifers, mbewu zapamwamba za banja la Pine. Pafupifupi zaka miliyoni 150 zapitazo, mbewu zapaderazi zinkalamulira dziko lapansi. Masiku ano masewera olimbitsa thupi amaimiridwa ndi ma conifers, omwe amaphatikizapo larch.

Kodi mtengo wa larch umawoneka bwanji?

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya larch, koma ena a iwo ndi ofanana kwambiri wina ndi mnzake mu mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa nyengo. Kutalika kwa mtengowu pafupifupi kumafika 50. Thunthu lake ndi lowongoka, lomwe limakutidwa ndi khungwa ngati mamba a imvi kapena bulawuni. Mu girth, mphutsi zina zimafalikira kupitirira mita 1. Nthambi zokhala ndi mphukira zazitali pachaka komanso zazifupi komanso zimakula kumanja kwa thunthu, kwinaku kumka m'mwamba.

Kutalika kwa singano zokulira ndi masentimita 3-4. Singano ndizofewa, ndi mtundu wobiriwira wonyezimira. Pa mphukira zazitali, singano zimakonzedwa mosiyanasiyana, singano zimamera m'miyeso ya ma 30-50 ma PC., Zomwe zimapangitsa korona wa larch kuvundikira.

Mawonekedwe a korona

Maonekedwe a korona ali aang'ono kwambiri ali ndi mawonekedwe a chulu. Popita nthawi, mtengo ukakhala wokulirapo komanso wokulirapo, umatenga mawonekedwe ozungulira, wopanga mazira.

Mizu ya larch ikhoza kutengera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya dothi. Mtengowo umasinthika kukhala mtundu wa dothi chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa mizu yake, ndikupanga njira zowonjezera. M'madambo, mchenga, milu yamiyala kapena pabowo lowuma, larch imakula pogwiritsa ntchito mizu yake kuti ikhale pamalo akuluakulu pafupi ndi dziko lapansi. Nthambi zam'munsi zomwe zimakhala pansipa zimatha kumera mizu, zomwe zimalimbitsanso mizu ndikuthandizira mtengo kuthana ndi mphepo zamphamvu.

Momwe mungatulutsire

Pofika zaka 15 kapena 20, mtengo umayamba kutulutsa. Maluwa amatulutsa mu Epulo kapena Meyi. Maluwa amatenga masabata 1.5. Pamodzi ndi singano zatsopano, zipatso zimawoneka ngati mitundu yaying'ono. Popeza mtengowo ndi wabwino, umakhala ndi maluwa achikazi ndi amuna. Maluwa achikazi amawoneka ngati ma cone ang'onoang'ono opepuka amtundu wobiriwira kapena wofiira-violet, wofanana ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono. Amuna amapanga mawonekedwe ozungulira obiriwira obiriwira. Kuphatikiza apo, ma cones a amuna kapena akazi okhaokha amakula munthambi yomweyo.

Maluwa

Pofika mwezi wa Seputembala, zipatsozi zimacha. Ali ndi mawonekedwe okhala ozungulira ofanana pafupifupi masentimita 4. Masikelo amapezeka amtundu wa bulauni, amakhala owuma komanso amtali. Mbewu zokhala ndi mapiko zimabalalika pambuyo pokhwima zipatso, koma kuti mbewu zatsopano ziberepo, kutentha kwa zero ndi chinyezi chachikulu ndizofunikira. Cholepheretsa panjira kuyambira pa mbewu kukafika pakuwoneka bwino ndi chikondi chachikulu cha mbalame ndi zinyama zam'madzi m'nkhalango ngati mbewu. Kututa kwa mitengo yatsopano kumasiyana kuyambira zaka 5 mpaka 9. Zingwe pambuyo pofalikira mbewu zimatha kupachikidwa pamtengo kwazaka zambiri.

Kumera ndi zochuluka motani

Larch ndi mtengo wolimbanira komanso wosakonda kuzizira. Ku Northern Hemisphere, komwe larch limamera, kuposa 70% ya nkhalango ndi nkhalango larch. Imapezeka ku Siberia, Far East, North America, Western ndi Northern Europe, Himalayas ndi Tibet. Zaka larch imakhala zaka zingati kutengera komwe imera.

Bwanji akutsikira singano

Larch imakonda kuwala, zomwe ndi zina mwazofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwake bwino. Nthawi zina amatchedwa mwana wamkazi wa Dzuwa. Kuchepa kwake kwa dothi komanso nyengo yozizira ndikodabwitsa. Funso limadzuka, kodi larch ndi mtengo wopendekera kapena wopendekera ngati ukuonetsa masamba ake ngati mitengo ina yabwino?

Mtengo m'dzinja

Zachidziwikire, larch ndi mtengo wolumikizana, koma pofika nthawi yophukira masingano ake amasanduka achikasu, ndipo pofika nthawi yozizira mtengowo umataya, ngati abale osankhika. Izi ndizomwe zimasiyanitsa ndi ma conifers ena. Apa ndipomwe dzina la mtengowu limachokera.

Mtengo nthawi yozizira

Zosangalatsa

Zedi ambiri sanadziwe izi:

• Matabwa a larch ali ndi katundu wapadera. Zapamwamba kwambiri zimapangitsa kuti larch ikhale yolimba komanso yolephera kuwola kotero kuti nyumba ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi mitengo larch zasungidwa kwazaka zambiri. Ndikukhala kwakanthawi m'madzi, mtengo uwu umakhala wolimba kwambiri kotero kuti ndizosatheka kuyendetsa kapena kutulutsa msomali osasweka. Pakufukula ku mapiri a Altai, zinthu zopangidwa ndi mafuta ophulika zidapezeka, zaka zake ndizoposa zaka 25,000.
• Matabwa a larch ndi olimba kwambiri kuposa thunthu. Zogulitsa kuchokera ku ma rhizomes ndizovuta kufa, ngakhale ndizovuta kukonza. Mpaka pano, ndowa yomwe idapangidwa m'zaka za zana la 18 imasungidwa ku Museum wa Zagorsk. Imakhala ndi zidebe 1.5 zamadzi.
• Anthu a ku Siberia m'mbuyomu adziwa za kuchiritsa kwa mtengo uwu. Ndipo masiku ano, chingamu chokoma ndi chokoma chomwe chimapangidwa ndi utomoni wake, chomwe chimakhala chosasunthika komanso chofufuza chomwe chimateteza kukamwa kwamatenda kumatenda ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, ndikotchuka kwambiri. Imasinthiratu kutsuka mano ngati pakufunika.
• Mtengowu ulibe zinyalala ukatha kukonzedwa. Mita imodzi yamatanda nkhuni zake zimakupatsani mwayi wokwanira malita 700 a mowa wokhala ndi ethyl, 200 kg ya cellulose, 1.5,000 mita ya silika yokumba, ndi rosin, mafuta ofunikira, utoto, acetic acid ndi zinthu zina zambiri zofunika kuzichotsa mu zinyalala zotsalazo.

M'mawonekedwe, pine komanso larch wamba zimasiyana kotero kuti ndizosatheka kuzisokoneza. Aliyense amadziwa momwe larch imawonekera komanso momwe imasiyanirana ndi pine. Koma mwanjira ya mitengo, mitengo iyi ndi yovuta kusiyanitsa ndi munthu wosazindikira. Pogula zinthu zomangira, muyenera kusiyanitsa pakati pa mitunduyi, kuti isachulukane, chifukwa larch ndiyodula.

Choyamba, muyenera kulabadira makungwa amitengo. Larch ili ndi mawonekedwe owuma, ming'alu yakuya komanso kutumphuka. Pine imakhala ndi khungwa loonda kwambiri la mtundu wa bulauni.

Mtengo wa paini mulibe mawonekedwe omveka, pomwe larch board ili ndi mawonekedwe a marble. Mukakhala m'madzi, mafuta anyama amira. Mukayatsa moto nkhuni, bolodi lapt liziwunikira kenako ndikuwotcha nthawi yayitali.

Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya larch, sigwiritsidwa ntchito pamakampani okha, komanso pakufunika kwakukulu pamangidwe. Pali mitundu yoposa 20 ya dziko lapansi, yomwe yambiri ndiyokhoza kukongoletsa dimba lililonse. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka nthambi ndi singano, mtengowo sukusokoneza kulowerera kwa dzuwa chifukwa chodzala m'derali pansi pa nthambi.

Ulemu

Korona wa Openwork, wosintha mtundu kuchokera ku wobiriwira wotumbulika kumka kumapeto kwa golide mu nthawi yophukira, amawoneka wokongola pathanthwe, komanso pokonza njira yamunda. Mitengo yayitali yocheperako makamaka imabzalidwa m'mapaki ndi m'minda yayikulu. Kwa ziweto zazing'ono zam'munda, zosankha zabwino kwambiri zingakhale zofunikira. M'dzinja, mtengo ukakhala ndi singano, ndikofunikira kudula nthambi ndikupanga korona.

• Pazipangidwe zamabala aminda, mitundu monga European larch repens ndi Japan pendula imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Repens ili ndi korona wokulirapo kupitirira mita kukula kwake ndipo imafikira kutalika kwa 1.5 m, komwe ndikosavuta kwambiri m'malo ochepa mundawo.

Chijapani

• Pendula ya ku Japan imakula mpaka 8 m ndipo imakhala ndi korona wamtali mpaka mamita 4. Popita nthawi, nthambi zimapanga chovala chobiriwira chobiriwira kuzungulira thunthu, lomwe limawoneka labwino kwambiri m'munda uliwonse.
• Kuphatikiza pa zoyimilira, miyala yakuwala monga camper imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa mabedi a maluwa ndi njira. Mtunduwu ndi chitsamba chomwe chimawoneka ngati pilo wobiriwira, chidzakongoletsa phiri kapena mapiri a m'munda.

Kempfera

Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera, larch ndi zida zapamwamba zomanga. Kukhalanso kwamtengowo kumateteza zinthu kuti zisawonongedwe ndi chinyezi, zimapangitsa kuti mtengo ukhale wolimba ngati miyala. Kulumikizana ndi madzi abwino komanso mchere kumawonjezera mphamvu zake ndipo kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunikira pomanga zombo komanso pomanga nyumba zamadzi.

Bodi ya larch

Popita nthawi, mtengowu sugwa, koma umalimba. Zomwe zili mu chingamu ndi mafamu m'matabwa zimapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke. Pankhani ya mphamvu ndi kuyenera kumanga, larch siyotsika mtengo kuposa oak, koma imaposa njira zina. Chitamba chowongoka komanso chopanda tanthauzo chimakupatsani matabwa abwino kwambiri. Mabodi ndi matabwa ali ndi mawonekedwe okongola ndi mitundu 12 ya mitundu: kuchokera bulauni mpaka golide.

Zipangizo zokongola modabwitsa zochokera ku liga za ku Siberian ndi Daurian zikuchulukirachulukira pamsika wa zida zomangira. Zogulitsa kuchokera ku nkhuni izi zimakana kwambiri mawotchi ndi nyengo ndipo zimawoneka nthawi yonse yogwira ntchito.

Mtengo suyenda bwino ndipo umatha kudziunjikira. Kutsiliza nyumba yapa log ndi zinthu zoterezi kumakupatsani mwayi woti muzitha kutentha m'nyumba m'nyengo yozizira komanso yozizira.

Kuphatikiza pa kukana kuvunda, moto ndi tizilombo, mphamvu ndi kukongola, larch ili ndi katundu wochiritsa. Zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi michere, ma antioxidants ndi ma phytoncides mu nkhuni zimakhala ndi phindu pa thupi la munthu. Nyumba yomangidwa ndi mitengo yamtunduwu imateteza thanzi ndikuchepetsa nkhawa za tsiku ndi tsiku komanso kupsinjika kwa mzindawu. Ngakhale patatha zaka zambiri atatha kupanga, matabwa samataya katundu wake wochiritsa.

Pine board

Zoyipa za larch, monga chida chomanga, ndizokwera mtengo komanso kusamalira zovuta. Katundu wonyamula katundu kuchokera ku Siberia, kuthekera kwa kukwera m'mitsinje, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zambiri komanso njira zopangira nyumba kumapangira chisangalalo chamtengo.

Larch si mtengo wapadera, komanso wodabwitsa. Zina mwazinsinsi zake zasungunulidwa kale, koma china chake sichobisika. Kale, pamitundu yambiri, mtengo uwu unali wopembedza. Ndipo lero amadziwika ngati chizindikiro cha Russia. Koma sikuti mbiriyakale ndi nthano chabe zomwe zimapangitsa mtengowu kukhala wodabwitsa. Asayansi azindikira kuti chitsa cha mtengo wokhadzulidwa chikukulirabe kwa zaka zambiri. Zinapezeka kuti magulu achi larch omwe amakhala komwe amakhala mozungulira mtengo wosemedwa amapanga mizu imodzi. Chifukwa chake, malingaliro osangalatsa a kanema "Avatar" okhudzana ndi "intaneti" yachilengedwe ndi enieni.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mitundu ya zithunzi, larch ndi mitundu yopanga nkhalango. Chifukwa cha nyumbayi, vuto la zobiriwira zakumata litha kuthetsedwa mtsogolo. Zochitika ku Yekaterinburg zimatsimikizira kuti mtengo ndiwosankha bwino kwambiri m'misewu yamatauni abwino. Koma izi sizinsinsi zonse. Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka magalimoto larch komanso kupangira kwa nkhuni kwawo, asayansi amatha kudziwa molondola momwe amapangira mapaipi a kimberlite ndi kukhalapo kwa diamondi. Mwanjira imeneyi, ndalama zaku daimondi zidapezeka ku Yakutia.

Pa mbiri yonse ya anthu, zambiri, zopezedwa ndi nthano zomwe zanenedwa za larch, zomwe mtengo wodabwitsa wa kumpoto kwa Nyengo uli ndi mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe ake ndi mawonekedwe ake. Mitundu yopitilira 20 ndi iyi ya mtundu uwu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti izi zizigwiritsidwa ntchito osati pomanga, komanso kapangidwe kamaluwa, kufufuza, mankhwala ndikungosangalala ndi kukongola kwa nkhalango zachilengedwe.