Malinga ndi zikhulupiriro zakale, ma violets amapanga dongosolo mnyumba ndikuthandizira kuti ubale wake ndi omwe akukhalamo ukhale wabwino, wopatsa mphamvu zabwino. Kalasi DS K belu lowala lidayambitsidwa posachedwa; likuwoneka bwino pazenera ndi makonde. Maluwa ake okhala ndi mthunzi wokhazikika amapereka chithunzi cha chilengedwe komanso mgwirizano. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, maluwa osamalira bwino awa amatha kukondweretsa diso chaka chonse.
Kodi mtundu wa violet umaoneka ngati belu lowala
Violet belu lowala ndi la mtundu wa Saintpaulia, wa banja la a Gesneriaceae. Saintpaulia, yotchedwanso Uzambara violet, ndi chomera chamtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira kumadera otentha aku Africa, nyengo yina imakhala chobiriwira kapena malo mchipinda chokha.
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, maluwa osamalira bwino a uzambara awa amatha kukondweretsa diso chaka chonse
Mitundu iyi imawoneka yokongola komanso yowala. Maluwa a mitundu yosiyanasiyana amakhala ndi mtundu wamtambo wakuda, kusandulika kukhala utoto wofiirira, amakula ngati mabelu osakira. Ena mwa iwo ali ndi malire oyera, oyera omwewo. Izi zimabala kuwala.
Zambiri! Palinso mitundu yapinki, yoyera yoyera, kuphatikiza mitundu iwiri ndi mitundu ya violets.
Zosiyanitsa zosiyanasiyana
Violet Bellflower amatha pachaka chonse, kutenga miyezi iwiri yokha. Mabelu a violet nthawi zambiri amakhala otseguka pang'ono, akumatseguka kwathunthu pokhapokha kuyambika kusanayambe. Maluwa amakula mosamalitsa, ndipo masamba atatu aliwonse. Pa masamba a lamellar a chomera, mpumulo umakomoka kwambiri, amakhala osalala komanso m'mphepete.
Kodi zosiyanasiyana zidawoneka bwanji
Bult ya maluwa a Violet DS yowala ikuwonetsedwa ndikulowetsedwa mujambulidwa ndi katswiri wa maluwa aku Ukraine E. Enikeeva. Vutoli linapangidwa ndi kusankhidwa ndikulembetsa mu 2014. Ngakhale njira yolera popanga mitundu, mtundu uwu wa violet nthawi zambiri umamasuwa.
Makhoti kunyumba
Kuti muchotse bwino maluwa ndi maluwa a senpolia iyi, ndikofunikira kuwona mawonekedwe ngati chinyezi cha mpweya, mtundu wa nthaka, kuvala pamwamba, kutentha koyenera, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse. Kuti mbewu zisamere komanso musatambasule, muyenera kusankha kuyatsa koyenera, komanso maluwa amenewa amafunika kutetezedwa ku tizirombo ndi matenda.
Kukula kwathanzi komanso kwamaluwa a violets DS Woyipitsa belu m'chipinda
Kutentha kovomerezeka
Mitengo ya kutentha yomwe ikufunika kuti maluwa otentha awa azisinthasintha mozungulira 18-22 ° C. Pamiyeso yotsika, ma violets amayamba kupweteka. Maluwa samalekeredwa bwino komanso kusanja bwino, motero sikulimbikitsidwa kuwayika pakhomo. Pamatenthedwe apamwamba ovomerezeka, kukula kwabwinobwino komanso maluwa sikutsimikizidwanso.
Kuwala kwamtundu wanji kumafunika
Zomera za banja la Gesneria zimakonda kuunikira bwino, koma pansi pa dzuŵa mwachindunji masamba amasanduka achikasu, ndichifukwa chake mbali yakumpoto ndi kum'maŵa kwa nyumbayo ndi malo abwino kwambiri. Amamva bwino ngakhale pansi pa kuwunikira kwa magetsi okwanira 40 W, maola 12 tsiku lililonse ndikokwanira.
Zofunika! Pakangotha masiku 10 aliwonse, miphika imayenera kusinthidwa kuti isayang'ane kukula.
Mitengo yothirira
Mphindi yabwino kwambiri yothirira ndi nthawi yomwe nthaka lapansi imira. M'nyengo yozizira, belu belu yamtundu wa DS imamizidwa kamodzi pa sabata; nyengo zina, kawiri zimakhala zokwanira. Njira yoyenera kwambiri ndikudzaza poto ndi madzi kwa masiku angapo. Nthawi iyi ikuyenera kukhala yokwanira kudzaza nthaka ndi chinyezi pamwamba pake. Madzi amatha kulemera ndi zowonjezera mchere, zotsalira zamadzimadzi ziyenera kuchotsedwa mu poto.
Njira yothirira maluwa
Zofunika! Osaloleza kuti madontho ozizira agwere pamasamba, izi zidzatsogolera kupangidwe kwa mawanga oyera.
Alimi olima maluwa amagwiritsa ntchito njira yopendekera kuthirira pogwiritsa ntchito njira zophatikizira mitsulo ya nayiloni. Chingwe chimatuluka theka kuchokera pansi pa mphika, kutsikira m'madzi omwe amapezeka nthawi zonse, makulidwe ake amachititsa kuthamanga ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi. Imakongoletsedwa kutengera zosowa za duwa.
Tcherani khutu!Masamba a Saintpaulia samalimbikitsidwa kuti apukutidwe ndi chiguduli chonyowa kapena chotsanulidwa ndi pampopi, ndizovomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito nsalu yofewa kuyeretsa zodetsa zofunika.
Ziwawa sizilekerera mwaye, mpweya wamafuta, mafuta ndi sikelo, ndichifukwa chake alibe malo khitchini komanso m'zipinda zofananira.
Kodi ndichabwino kupopera
Ziwawa zimathiridwa mu njira zoyenera pokhapokha ngati pali matenda kapena kachilombo ka tizirombo. Pakakhala vuto lonyowa, njirayi singakweze mpaka pakufunika, Komanso, imatha kuyambitsa pansi pamasamba ndi mabelu. Mwanjira iyi, amaloledwa kuyeretsa dothi ndi fumbi lofooka losachedwa miyezi itatu iliyonse.
Chofunikira chinyezi
Mpweya wapachipinda, makamaka nthawi yozizira, sakhala chinyezi chokwanira kukula kwamaubwinobwino a violets, amafunika 50-70%. Komabe, izi zitha kukhazikitsidwa mosavuta ndikuyika mchenga pamwamba pa dongo lonyowa pansi pa mapoto.
Njira inanso yowonjezera chinyezi ndikuyika chidebe chamadzi pafupi ndi duwa; nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kapena pakutentha.
Primer Yotsimikizika
Dothi la violets limasankhidwa malinga ndi njira yothirira, nthawi zambiri imagulidwa. Pa gawo lapansi mukathilira pansi pa masamba kapena pallet, mufunika magawo atatu a vermiculite kapena perlite, deciduous and peat, komanso 2 of sphagnum moss. Kukhathamiritsa kwa amuna kumafunikira kufanana kwa peat ndi perlite, nthawi zina amathandizidwa ndi moss, koma kumatenga ndikusunga chinyezi.
Ndi nthaka yanji yomwe ili yoyenera kalasi ya DS yowala belu
Kodi ndi kudyetsa senpolis
Chifukwa cha nthawi yayikulu maluwa, izi zimasoweka kuphatikiza dothi nthawi zonse ndi mchere. Senpolies amadyetsa miyezi isanu ndi iwiri iliyonse, kuyambira mwezi wa Meyi mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala. Pakakhala maluwa nthawi yozizira kapena maluwa akasiya, kudyetsa kuyenera kuyimitsidwa.
Kuphatikizidwa ndi magwiritsidwe ntchito a feteleza zimasiyana malinga ndi njira yothirira. Mukathirira dothi kapena kudzaza poto, nyamayo imadyetsedwa masabata awiri aliwonse m'chilimwe komanso kamodzi pamwezi m'nyengo yozizira. M'magawo onse awiri, theka la feteleza wotsimikiziridwa ndi wopanga ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mukamatsirira mitsinje, kudyetsa kumachitika pafupipafupi pafupifupi 1/7 ya mavoliyumu olimbikitsidwa.
Zambiri!Pali njira yodyetsera mukathirira mu thireyi kapena pansi pamasamba okhala ndi boma lofananira nthawi yozizira ndi chilimwe, ndipo akatswiri ena omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zingwe samatulutsa mavitamini m'nyengo yozizira.
Maluwa
Zomera zimakula mwachangu ndipo pamapeto pake zimapangidwa nthawi kuyambira miyezi 10 mpaka chaka. Maluwa oyamba amawonekera mwezi wachisanu ndi chimodzi. Rosette yophatikizika imapangidwa kuchokera ku masamba velvet amtundu wakuda wobiriwira, momwe amachokera mphukira umodzi wokhazikika wa maluwa.
Kodi masamba amakula
Maluwa oyamba nthawi zambiri "masewera", chifukwa cha mtundu wina wamitundu ndi mitundu ya mitundu ya utoto ndi mitundu ya mitundu ina imatha kuwoneka pamtengowo limodzi ndi masamba wamba a senpolia, duwa lachiwiri ndi maluwa abuluu amdima okhala ndi lilac hue ndi malire oyera ndi maso, ofanana ndi kusankha. Poyamba maluwa, maimera amatha, mitundu ya buluu ndi yoyera, mitundu ya pamoto kapena yapinki, komanso mitundu yamaluwa yokha.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kukula
Mitundu yamaluwa
Mawonekedwe ovomerezeka a maluwa amitundu iyi ndi belu losesa ndi m'mphepete mwa wavy. Kusankha kumeneku kumakhala ndi maudzu apamwamba, kupanga maluwa pamtunda wotsika. Pali malongosoledwe a njira zaumwini za akatswiri olankhula zamaluwa omwe akuwongolera maluwa ngati chipewa kapena korona.
Tcherani khutu! DS imaphuka belu lowala limakhala kwa milungu ingapo, ino ndi nthawi yopanga ndi kupanga belu latsopano.
Maluwa amatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Zambiri za Senpolia zimachita maluwa kwa miyezi 9 mpaka 10, kenako miyezi isanu yopuma, kenako maluwa amayambiranso.
Kukonzanso
Kuti duwa likhale labwino, musanyalanyaze kuchotsa kwa panthaka kwa maluwa ndi maluwa, zipatso za chipani chachitatu, komanso masamba owala kapena otuwa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyambenso kupanga chaka chachiwiri cha moyo wa mbewuyo, kuchita izi kumayambiriro kwamasika.
Kufalikira kwa tchire DS Kuwala belu
Senpolias yamtunduwu imafalitsidwa ndi njira zingapo, kuphatikizapo kubzala lateral rosettes kapena ma peduncle, kudula ndi kufesa mbewu.
Kumera kwa mbeu
Kufesa ndi njira yomwe imakupatsani mwayi kuti mukule bwino mbande zopanda chimera, koma pamafunika nthawi yabwino ndi zinthu, ndichifukwa chake imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu greenhouse.
Kudula
Mtundu watsopano ukhoza kupezeka ndikuyika tsamba lodulidwa ndi petiole mu kapu yamadzi. Pakupita milungu ingapo, imamasula mizu, ndipo imayenera kubzalidwa mumphika. Pakatha milungu ingapo kapena milungu itatu, mbewu yatsopanoyo imayamba kukula. Akadulidwa kumene mwatsopano amafunika kuthirira osowa komanso odziletsa.
Zofunika! Malo abwino kwa iwo akhoza kukhala malo obisalirako zitini m'miyezi ingapo yoyambirira.
Momwe mungasinthire chomera
DS Kelo yowala imasowa mphika wokhawokha; kasupe ndi nthawi yoyenera kwambiri kuti udulidwe mu dothi latsopano. Pambuyo poyala dothi pansi pa zidutswa za dongo zokulitsidwa kapena zouma zophwanyika, gawo lapansi limathiridwa. Kubzala mumphika wambiri kukhoza kusiya maluwa, kotero kulimba kwina kumalandiridwa. Zinthu zomwe zili mumphikawo zitha kukhala za ceramic ndi pulasitiki. Musanaikemo, ndibwino kuphimba chitsamba ndi phukusi kuti nthaka isagwere.
Momwe mungasinthire
Zomwe zingasokoneze kukula kwa chitsamba
Maluwa athanzi amawoneka oyenera.
Tcherani khutu! Maonekedwe a DS wanyong'onoting'ono. Belu lowala nthawi yomweyo limawonetsa zovuta komanso njira zopweteka.
Matenda:
- Kusowa masamba otsika ndi kupangidwa kwa chitsamba cha mtundu wa bulauni kumawonetsa kufa mochedwa. Itha kuchiritsidwa ndikuthirira ndikuwonjezera kwa bravo, apo ayi ndikutheka kupulumutsa pamwamba pa rosette ndi masamba amoyo ndikuwazika mu miphika yina ndi chithandizo choyambirira ndi 0,05% yankho la mankhwala a biosept kapena Prequicur malinga ndi malangizo. Nthaka yomwe idakhudzidwa ndi vuto lakumapeto sinayeneranso;
- masamba obiriwira ndi maluwa amawonetsa imvi zowola. Maluwa ayenera kuyikidwa pambali ndi ena, masamba omwe akhudzidwa ayenera kuchotsedwa ndikuchiritsidwa kawiri pa sabata ndi euparen, rovral, kapiteni kapena biosept;
- Masamba omwe ali pansipa adakutidwa ndi ntchofu ndipo amagwa nthawi ya bacteriosis ya ziwiya za chitsamba, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimamera mzipinda zotentha. Mutha kuchiritsa violet mothandizidwa ndi Previkur, Zircon, Foundationzole ndi immunocytophytes;
- kuoneka ngati kakhalidwe koyera kumayankhula za powdery mildew; mankhwalawa, benlat kapena fundozole amayenera kubayidwa kamodzi.
Masamba:
- mphutsi zazing'ono za nematode zimatulutsa mizu ya violet, ndikuziwiritsa poizoni ndi ntchito zawo zofunika. Masamba amaphimbidwa ndi zobiriwira zowala kenako masamba amdima ndi kuwonongeka. Kukula kwa Violet kumachepetsa, maluwa amayima, pambuyo pake amwalira. Ndikosatheka kuchiritsa chitsamba kuchokera ku nematode;
- ma capubs ndi madontho ofiira pamasamba - zotsatira za matendawa. Kudula kumakutidwa ndi maudzu odera. Masamba amawonongeka, amatembenuka chikasu ndikugwa. Maluwa amaleka kukula ndipo satulutsa. Pankhaniyi, chitsamba chimathandizidwa ndi wothandizidwa ndi acaricidal kawiri pa sabata;
- aphid imaphimba violet Bellflower ndi zowala zowola, zimagwera pansi pamalowo, pomwe masamba ake amataya mawonekedwe ake kumbuyo kwa kugwedezeka. Mutha kuchiritsa violet ndi Actellik kapena Mospilan;
- ngati masamba a bulauni ndi oyanika omwe ali ndi madontho amdima akapezeka, mapiritsi kapena makapisozi a tiziromboti tiyenera kuyikamo. Izi tizirombo tating'onoting'ono tating'ono.
Zomwe zingasokoneze kukula kwabwinobwino komanso maluwa olira
DS belu lowala limatha kutenga kachilombo ka fungus mu kuzizira kwambiri kapena madzi ochulukirapo. Choyipa chambiri chimapangika kuchokera kumapeto, chomwe chimatha kutetezedwa ndikuyika superphosphate m'nthaka. Pafupifupi oimira aliwonse a gulu la Arthropod amathanso kuwopsezedwa ndi ma violets.
Chifukwa chake, pali zinthu zambiri zomwe ziyenera kulingaliridwa kuti buluyu wamaluwa atulutsa ndi kukula. Ngati mphindi imodzi yasowa, amaponya masamba pang'onopang'ono kufota.
