Intaneti nthawi zambiri imafunsidwa ngati kufalikira kwa orchid kungatheke kunyumba. Yankho lake ndi losavuta - inde, mwina. Nkhaniyi ili ndi zonse zokhudzana ndi kufalikira kwa ma orchid - moyo wa akatswiri ndi malangizo a akatswiri, zilembo za orchid kwa oyamba kumene.
Kodi maluwa amaoneka bwanji?
Mwana adawoneka pa orchid, ndikufuna mtundu wina wa orchid wanga womwe ndimakonda, ndikufuna kusangalatsa bwenzi langa ndi duwa lamkati lanyumba - milandu yonseyi imatsikira ku chinthu chimodzi - pali chikhumbo chofuna kudziwa ngati nkotheka kupeza chomera chatsopano kunyumba.
Pali njira ziwiri zofalitsira maluwa:
- opanga (ndi mbewu);
- zipatso (zobiriwira zachilengedwe).
Kukongola kwa temperecha komwe kusinthika kwake kwapamwamba kumapumira
Poyamba, zotsatirapo zake zingakhale zosiyana ndi kholo. Kachiwiri, pamasamba akuchulukitsa, mbewu yeniyeniyo imapezeka.
Ndi anthu ochepa omwe amayimba mtima kuti ayambe kubzala mbewu asanapeze chidziwitso chokwanira cha momwe maluwa amakulira. Kupatula apo, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyenera nthawi yomweyo kuposa kuyesa chidziwitso chotsatira ndikupanga mayeso pamitundu yanu.
Momwe mungayambitsire komanso maluwa
Mkhalidwe waukulu ndi mkhalidwe wa orchid. Ayenera kukhala wamkulu mokwanira komanso wotsimikizika kuti akhale wathanzi. Momwe mungasankhire nthawi yoyenera kwambiri kufalitsa ma orchid kunyumba, chifukwa nthawi yachisanu ndi nthawi ya mbewuyo, nthawi yachilimwe ndi nthawi yowonjezereka kwa zomerazo? Imakhala nthawi yovomerezeka kwambiri - masika.
Nthawi yoyenera imaganiziridwa mutatha maluwa, koma osati pompopompo, ndikofunikira kuti chomera chikhale ndi mphamvu. Kutsatira kwa mbewu mwachindunji kumatengera kutsatira izi.
Tcherani khutu! Nthawi yabwino imaganiziridwa pamene mwezi ukhala ukukula. Awa ndi upangiri wamphamvu kuchokera kwa ma orchid achidziwitso.
Zosankha zokulitsira orchid kunyumba
Masiku ano, anthu ambiri sakukonda ma orchid okha, koma mafani enieni a mbewu zapaderazi. Gulu la mafani limapangidwanso, ndipo chidziwitso pofalitsa ma orchid kunyumba ndichotchuka kwambiri komanso chofunikira. Zoyambira za phunziro losangalatsali ndizofanana, koma zovuta zilizonse, malingaliro owonera komanso maupangiri sakhala opamwamba.
Muchulukitsa orchid mwakugawa
Ma phalaenopsis akuluakulu, okhala ndi masamba okwanira 6-8, amatha kugawidwa m'magawo awiri ndikupeza mbewu ziwiri. Izi zimachitika ndi ma secateurs otenthedwa. Pamwamba pa chomeracho pali masamba angapo ndi mizu ya mlengalenga odulidwa bwino, malo odulawo ndi ophera tizilombo.
Zambiri! Hydrogen peroxide ndiabwino kupukuta magawo. Ndikokwanira kukhetsa kudula.
Delenka anabzala mumphika watsopano. Pansi, gawo lotsala liyenera kukhala masamba osachepera 2-3. Chidutswa chatsopano chimaphwidwanso ndi makala.
Njira yofalitsira maluwa - kugawaniza munthu wamkulu chomera
Pakatha miyezi ingapo, makanda atsopano amapezeka kuchokera ku impso. Zabzalidwa m'nthaka, zomwe zimaphatikizapo:
- tizigawo ting'onoting'ono (osapitirira 1 cm);
- zidutswa za sphagnum moss (zatsopano kapena zouma);
- zopindika kapena zidutswa zamakala.
Cattleya ndi oncidium kunyumba ndizosavuta kufalitsa ndikugawa chitsamba m'magawo. Onetsetsani kuti mwakhala ndi ma pseudobulbs atatu aliwonse. Opaleshoni iyi ndiyabwino kupatsirana. Ngati Delenki yayamba kufooka, munthu ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa chinyontho ndi kutentha.
Kudula
Kudula kuli ngakhale ngati oyamba kumene.
Maluwa atha kumera m'munsi amalekanitsidwa ndi chomera. Imagawika m'magawo atatu masentimita a 3-4. Zodulidwa zimadulidwa kuti pakati pa aliyense pali impso yogona. Magawo onse awiri pachikondacho amathandizidwa ndi makala (nkhuni kapena adayambitsa) kapena hydrogen peroxide.
Tcherani khutu! Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuswana ziyenera kuchitidwa chosawilitsidwa. Izi zitha kuchitika ndi mowa kapena hydrogen peroxide.
Zodulidwa zakonzedwa zimayikidwa mu chinyontho chonyowa, yokutidwa ndi kanema kapena galasi, ndikupanga mtundu wa mini-wowonjezera kutentha. Pa chinyezi cha 60% ndi kutentha kwa 25-28 ° C, kudula kumamera bwino.
Umu ndi momwe phesi limawonekera ngati mwana akukulira pamenepo
Ngati mukuyika peduncle ndi impso yothandizidwa ndi ma phala am'madzi mu botolo ndikuwonjezera madzi pang'ono, ndikuyika kutentha, mutha kupeza chomera chonse.
Zomera zazing'ono zimabzalidwa m'miphika yaying'ono.
Ana
Sikovuta kuzikulitsa konse, koma kuleza mtima sikofunikira kokha: mutha kungodikirira kuti ana awonekere pama phalaenopsis akuluakulu, kapena mutha kulimbikitsa mawonekedwe awo.
Ndi zomwe ana amawoneka
Opaleshoni iyi siinakhale yovuta, ndipo amachita izo mothandizidwa ndi cytokinin paste. Amamutsukitsa ndi masamba ogona pamatanda. Thumba laling'ono, koma loyenerera kuchokera ku impso liyenera kuchotsedwa mosamala (pogwiritsa ntchito ma tweezers) ndikuyika phala. Kenako malo ogwiridwawo amakutidwa ndi sphagnum yonyowa moss.
Panja padenga la thumba la pulasitiki pogona khandalo kwa mwana - mini-greenhouse. Chikwama chimamangidwa mbali zonse ziwiri ndikuyiyika pamalo otentha mpaka mphukira itaphuka.
Mwana akamadzipangira yekha pamalonda osadulidwa, amamukula mpaka masamba ndi mizu itatuluke. Kenako, mofatsa pogwiritsa ntchito secateurs odulidwa. Malo olekanirana amathandizidwa ndi makala kapena sinamoni ndikusiyidwa kuti ziume.
Magawo onse anayi a kukondoweza kwa impso akuwonetsedwa bwino.
Komabe, njira iyi sikuti nthawi zonse imathandizira kuti pakhale chomera chatsopano; Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, mwayi wamtunduwu wowoneka ngati woipawu suimitsa okonda maluwa. Ndi kulimbikira kosangalatsa, akupitilizabe kuthandizaku ndikupitiliza zotsatirazo.
Mitundu ina ya dendrobiums imaswana ndi masanjidwe. Kuthawa wopanda masamba, koma ndi impso, kumadzaza mu coco - wowonjezera kutentha. Kugwirizana ndi kutentha kwa boma ndi chinyezi chofunikira, kuphatikiza kuleza mtima kumapeto kumapereka zotsatira zabwino - duwa lodzuka limapereka chomera chatsopano.
Makanda Osamalira Ana
Kusamalira ana ang'onoang'ono ayenera kukhala osamala kwambiri. Mwana wakhanda amafunika kuzika mizu. Amayikamo wowonjezera kutentha, momwe kutentha ndi chinyezi chofunikira zimasungidwa.
Mizu yowoneka, yakula mpaka 5cm - chizindikilo kuti mwana akhoza kubzalidwa mumphika ngati chomera chodziimira payekha. Dothi limagwiritsidwa ntchito pamenepa, wamba, konsekonse. Koma poyamba ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zokuzira mphamvu kapena feteleza. Kenako mbewuyo imakhala yamphamvu komanso wathanzi.
Zofunika! Palibe njira yokonzanso mpweya wabwino wowonjezera kutentha kwa mini? Ndiye ndikosavuta kusiya. Chinyezi chachikulu chopanda mpweya wabwino ndi malo abwino opatsirana mabakiteriya komanso mafangasi.
Mutha kuyika miphika ndi ana mu thireyi yayikulu ndikukhazikitsa zowunikira zowonjezera. Kutentha kuyenera kusungidwa pa 24 ° C.
Kuthirira maluwa ang'onoang'ono oterowo kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kukula kwa mphika
Mbewu
Kuti mupeze yankho la funso ngati nkotheka kufalitsa mbewu za orchid, muyenera kuzolowera mawonekedwe a mbewu. Orchid amatha kutulutsa maluwa kwa miyezi ingapo. Chipatso (bokosi louma) mumaluwa wamaluwa ndimitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imatseguka ikauma.
Ndipo tsopano pankhani ya chinthu chachikulu: mbewu za orchid ndizochepa kwambiri, zili ngati fumbi. Bokosi la mbewu lokha limatha kukhala ndi mbeu zopitilira 4 miliyoni. Mwakutero, ma orchid amatengedwa kukhala atsogoleri pakati pa maluwa akutulutsa zipatso. Koma, popanda kupatsira mbewu ndi fungus wa mycorrhizal, samamera.
Zambiri! Orchid kuchokera ku mbewu amakulitsidwa m'gawo la mafakitala m'mabotolo apadera achilengedwe.
Mu zonyansa, mbewu zimayikidwa mumachubu oyesera ndi sing'anga yambiri. Kumera kumachitika potsatira chinyezi chofunikira komanso kutentha. Ndondomeko ndikuwononga nthawi komanso osati mwachangu. Kwa orchid wachikulire, nthawi zina kumatenga zaka 4. Kunyumba, njira sizotheka.
Mizu ya mlengalenga
Kufalikira kwa mizu ya mlengalenga ndikotheka kuti kungakhalepo kuphatikiza mizu ndi chitsa. Zimachitika, pazifukwa zina, maluwa amatulutsa masamba ake, ndipo pali chitsa chopanda kutulutsa chomwe ambiri amataya. Osathamanga. Mutha kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito zotsalazo monga zinthu zobzala, kutsitsimutsanso orchid kumizu yotsala. Kuti tichite izi, chitsa ndi mizu chimabzalidwa mumphika ndi dothi.
Tcherani khutu! Thunthu silikhala louma. Ngati ndi youma, ndiye kuti ngakhale mizu yabwinobwino yobiriwira siyingathandize kupeza mwana.
Mphika uyenera kufanana ndi mizu yotsala. Musaiwale za ngalande, zitha kupangidwa kuchokera ku dongo lotukulidwa kapena zidutswa zazikulu za khungwa. Nthaka imadzazidwa ndi yatsopano, palibe chomwe imayenera kupangidwa, momwe zimakhalira nthawi zonse ndizoyenera (kwa orchid).
Orchid: chisamaliro ndi kubereka kunyumba
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya ma orchid ndi:
- phalaenopsis;
- dendrobiums;
- Ocidiums
- Cattleya.
Zosasamala komanso zotchuka kwambiri ndizoyamba. Mwinanso ndi chifukwa chake ma novice orchidists amawaganizira kwambiri.
Kutanthauzira kwa dzinalo kuchokera ku Chilatini - "butter butter-like
Pafupifupi maluwa onse amakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa, komwe sikowala bwino. Koma mitundu ina, m'malo mwake, siyofunika kwambiri ndipo imamva bwino kwambiri ngakhale ili kwawindo.
Zambiri! Maluwa amakula ku kontinenti iliyonse kupatula Antarctica.
Tisaiwale kuti chifukwa chofunikira mpweya wabwino, ma orchid sakonda kukonzekera.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
Chi sentensi chimodzi sichingakuuzeni momwe mungatungire ma orchid. Poyamba, muyenera kudziwa kuti mtundu wina uli ndi mawonekedwe ake pokhudzana ndi chinyezi.
Zofunika! Kutsirira kolakwika ndi chimodzi mwazolakwika zazikulu zomwe zimatsogolera pakufa kwa orchid.
Mwachitsanzo, Phalaenopsis amakonda gawo lonyowa nthawi zonse. Mitundu ina ya maluwa apadziko lapansi amakonda kuuma kwa miyezi ingapo.
Kufunika kothirira kumatsimikiziridwa ndi izi:
- makoma amkati a mphikawo auma;
- mtundu wa mizu wowonekera kudzera m'makoma a poto umawala (uyenera kukhala wobiriwira wobiriwira);
- kulemera kwa mphikawo kumakulirakulira;
- masamba amataya turgor.
Mitundu yayikulu ya ma orchid m'chilimwe ndi madzi okwanira 2-3 pa sabata. M'nyengo yozizira, madzi osaposa 2 pa mwezi. Ma orchid akumwa amalimbikitsidwa m'mawa.
Kutsirira kumachitika mozungulira poto, kuyesera kuti isakhale pamunsi masamba. Ngati chinafikapo, muyenera kuwumitsa mosamala kapena kuonetsetsa kuti chinyontho chikufota. Kusunthika kwa madzi ngakhale pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kumatulutsa masamba.
Zofunika! Madzi abwino a kuthirira - mvula kapena kusungunuka. Musatolere madzi pamadenga, m'malo okhala mafakitale kapena m'mizinda.
Lamulo lalikulu mukathilira kuti musamalize: ndibwino kuti musangokweza kuposa kungokuza. Kutentha kwa madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito sikuyenera kutsika kuposa 25 ° C ndipo osapitirira 35 ° C.
Palinso kuthirira pomiza mumtsuko wokhala ndi madzi okonzedwa. Mmenemo, mbewuyo imatha kupirira mpaka mphindi 30. Kenako chotsani ndikulola madzi ochuluka kukhetsa.
Kodi orchid amafunikira zakudya? Inde, zimafunikira, monga mbewu zonse zomwe zakhala mgawo lomwelo kwa nthawi yayitali.
Pakadali pano, ntchito siyabwino. Orchids salekerera feteleza wochuluka. Ayenera kugulidwa m'masitolo apadera, odulidwa mosamalitsa malinga ndi malangizo. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika nthawi yothirira. Kusinkhira ndibwino kuchepetsa kuposa zomwe wopanga wakupangira.
Zofunika! Osagwiritsa ntchito feteleza wopangira mbewu zina.
Ndikofunika kuti tisavulazidwe. Kuchulukirapo feteleza kumachepetsa chitetezo chambiri cha orchid. M'chilimwe, zovala ziwiri zapamwamba ndizokwanira.
Chinyezi ndi kutentha
Orchid - maluwa otentha omwe amafunikira chinyezi chachikulu. Izi zimatheka pochulukitsa chinyezi mchipindamo mpaka 60-70% mothandizidwa ndi manyowa.
Kunyumba, mutha kungokonza zotengera zazing'ono zamadzi. Kubzala kwamagulu kumagwira ntchito bwino, ma orchid amatayidwa pakati pa mbewu zina, makulidwe ochepa mkati mwa mtundu wa oasis amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino za ma orchid.
Ngakhale, kwenikweni, kuti akweze chinyezi chamlengalenga, pali njira zambiri, ndikofunikira kupeza zovomerezeka mu vuto lililonse.
Kutentha kwachipinda sikuyenera kukhala kotsika ndi 22 ° C, osati kupitirira 32 ° C.
Maluwa ambiri amalimbikitsidwa kutulutsa posintha chinyezi ndi kutentha. M'nyengo yozizira, amatsitsidwa mpaka 16 ° C. Kutentha kwambiri, kumakhala chinyezi kwambiri.
Kuwala
Chochititsa chachikulu cha maluwa a orchid ndi kuyatsa. Kuchuluka kwa masana kumakhudza mwachindunji maluwa. Kutalika kwake kuyenera kukhala osachepera maola 12. Kuunikira kofunikira kumachitika ndi nyali zapadera, zomwe zitha kugulidwa ku malo ogulitsa maluwa. Ndizachuma komanso zotsika mtengo.
Kuwala
Monga tanenera pamwambapa, maluwa amakongoletsa kuwala. Dzuwa mwachindunji, makamaka chilimwe, zimayambitsa kutentha pamasamba. Ndi zowunikira zochulukirapo, masamba amakhala oderera komanso achikaso. Pokhala ndikosowa, m'malo mwake, amakhala amdima. Mbali yakum'mawa kapena kumadzulo ndiyabwino kwambiri.
Amasamalira maluwa moyenerera, amalandila zinthu zathanzi zathanzi, zokonzeka kuzikulitsa ndikuzisunganso. Kufalitsa ma orchid ndichinthu chosangalatsa kwambiri komanso mwayi weniweni, mutatsatira malangizowa, kuti mumve ngati wopanga munda wamaluwa wokongola. Buku laling'ono lothandizirali likuthandizira kuchotsa zolephera zomwe zingatheke, ndipo koposa zonse, pewani zolakwa.
