Dracaena wokhazikika komanso wowoneka bwino (Dracaena marginata) nthawi zambiri amakongoletsa nyumba ndi maofesi. Kubzala kwawo komanso mawonekedwe ake okongola amayamikiridwa ndi onse opanga maluwa ndi opanga mkati. Nthawi zina mukamabzala mbewu, pamakhala funso loti bwanji nsonga za masamba aziuma pa dracaena. Pali zofunikira zambiri pakupatuka uku, kuphatikiza tizilombo, matenda, ndi chisamaliro chosayenera.
Dracaena amasiya youma - chingakhale chifukwa chake
Ngati mbewuyo imasamalidwa bwino, imayamba kugonjetsedwa ndimatenda a fungal komanso ma virus ndi bacteria. Chifukwa chiyani amadwala amadwala? Vutoli nthawi zambiri limakhudzana ndi zolakwika zosintha maluwa. Tizilombo titha kuyambitsa mavuto ambiri, koma osatitsogolera.
Malangizo owuma masamba
Zofunika! Zowopsa pachikhalidwe zimaphatikizira matenda owola, bakiteriya komanso ma virus omwe sangathe kuchiritsidwa. Duwa lomwe likukhudzidwa liyenera kuwonongeka - ngati munganyalanyaze izi, mutha kutaya mbewu zonse.
Matenda
Dracaena amasiya youma pamaso pa matenda ena:
- Alternariosis - pa masamba opaka ma brownish okhala ndi mawonekedwe oyera. Madera okhudzidwa amadetsedwa ndi kufa kwa nthawi.
- Bacteriosis - malekezero a masamba amasanduka bulauni, ndiye kuti chotupa chimagwira mbali zathanzi. Tsinde, thunthu ndi petioles adakutidwa ndi zilonda zam'mphepete ndi mafuta.
- Heterosporiosis - mawanga amtundu wa beige amapangidwa pamasamba, ndikuwombera kofiyira. Kupitilizitsanso kwa matendawa kumabweretsa kusintha kwa mtundu wa zilembo pakamaso kakhungu.
- Powdery mildew - poyamba malo opepuka amawonekera pazomera, zomwe zimachita khungu pakapita nthawi ndipo zimakhala zofiirira.
- Gray zowola - zimawonekera ndi mawanga a bulauni, kenako ophimba ndi duwa loyera ndi fluff. Madontho akuda pamasamba amtunduwu amadziwika ngati chizindikiro chachiwiri cha matendawa.
- Phyllosticosis - mawanga amtundu wakuda wokhala ndi mawanga akuda amawoneka pamabale. Matendawa amawonekera kwambiri m'mazomera achikulire.
- Fusarium - masamba kuchokera pamalangizo amatembenukira chikasu, m'mphepete mwake mumakhala madzi. Pomwe chimafalikira, kuyanika kwa kumtunda kwa thunthu kuyambika, chimayimitsidwa ndikuchita khungu ndikuonda, chomera chonse chimakutidwa ndi mawanga a bulauni.
Zofunika! Akakopeka ndi matanga owoneka, masambawo amakutidwa ndi madontho achikasu otuwa, omwe amakhala amkuwa akakhala ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet. Kukula kwa mbewu kumayambira, masamba ang'ono ndi ochepa, omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe osakhazikika. Popita nthawi, chikhalidwe chimawuma ndikufa.
Mawonekedwe a phylosticosis
Tizilombo
Mndandanda wazomera zotchuka mu dracaena:
- Whitefly - tizilombo timawoneka ngati njenjete wamba. Imagona mphutsi pamtanda wakunja kwa masamba, omwe amadya ndi kuyamwa ndimatulutsa chotsekemera. Ndi kuwonongeka kwa mtengowo, ma chikasu chakuda kapena choyera. Chifukwa cha kutha kuuluka, tiziromboti timawoneka kuti ndiwowopsa pachikhalidwe chilichonse chapafupi.
- Mealybug - tizungu loyera likuwoneka kuti limakonkhedwa ndi ufa. Kudya msuzi wa mbewu kumaletsa kukula ndi maluwa. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda titha kuzindikirika ndi mankhwala okhala ngati thonje.
Dracaena amaponya
- Spider mite - kachilombo kakang'ono komwe kali ndi mtundu wachikasu kapena wowoneka wobiriwira, wokhala kumbali yolakwika ya masamba. Ntchito yolimbirana ndi tiziromboti imabweretsa kupangika kwa malo oyera ndi oyera. Chikhalidwe chimayima chitukuko, chimataya chitetezo chathu matenda ambiri omwe amapatsirana ndi nkhupakupa. Mtembowo ukayamba kuyera, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa nkhondo yolimbana ndi majeremusi.
- Aphid - amakonda nsonga ndi masamba olakwika masamba. Pakuwukira kwakukulu, masamba afota, kupindika, kutaya mtundu wake ndikuwuluka mozungulira.
- Ma thrips - zolengedwa zazing'ono zazitali kuposa 2 mm. Amakonda kukhazikika kumbali yamkati yambale ya masamba, amakhala m'magulu. Mbali yakumwambayi ya masamba imakhala yotuwa komanso yokhala ndi madontho owala.
- Mulingo - kachilombo kakang'ono, kuchokera 2 mpaka 4 mm kukula kwake, imvi kapena mtundu wachikasu. Chakudya chachikulu cha majeremusi ndi msuzi wa mbewu. Ndi chotupa chachikulu, masamba ake amayamba kuwuma ndi kuwonongeka.
Zofunika! Zoyenera kuchita ngati Dracaena ayamba kupangika masamba chifukwa cha majeremusi? Ochita maluwa amalangizidwa kuti azitsuka mbeu zomwe zakhudzidwa ndikuzichitira ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Chinyezi chadothi
M'chilimwe, dziko lapansi liyenera kuwuma mpaka 5 cm, mutha kudziwa momwe ndimalingidwe ndi mtengo womata womwe unaikidwa mumphika. Kutsirira kumachitika masiku atatu aliwonse, nthawi yozizira - kamodzi pa sabata. Pakakulitsa mitundu ya wideleaf, chinyezi cha dothi nthawi zambiri chimachitika chifukwa chakuya kwa malo. Pambuyo pa njila iliyonse, dothi limamasulidwa pang'ono.
Zofunika! Chizindikiro cha kusowa kwa chinyezi chikubowola masamba, aulesi. Kuchulukana kumayambitsa mapangidwe a zowola.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
M'miyezi yophukira ndi yotentha, amasunga kutentha kwa 20-24 ℃. M'nyengo yozizira, matenthedwe amasinthidwa kukhala 17-19 ℃ pamwamba pa ziro. Mulingo wovomerezeka wotsika ndi +15 ℃.
Zofunika! Dracaena onunkhira, chinjoka ndi Hooker samwalira ndi kutentha kwakanthawi kochepa kukhala +10 ℃. Zomera sizilola kusintha kwamwadzidzidzi kutentha.
Muzu wowola
Mtengo wa kanjedza umayamba kufa pansi pazikhalidwe zotsatirazi:
- Kuthirira kwambiri - kudzikundikira kwamadzi mumiphika kumayambitsa kuperewera kwa mpweya. Mizu yanu imakhalabe yopanda michere yofunika. Zomwe zimasefukira ndikuchepetsa thunthu ndi kufota masamba.
- Kuzizira ndi kukonzekera - kutentha kosalekeza pansipa +15 ℃ kumayambitsa kuwononga masamba, pakapita nthawi amasintha ndikuda.
Zovunda
Zofunika! Ngati malekezero a masamba awuma, muyenera kusintha chisamaliro cha dracaena kunyumba: muchepetse kuthirira ndikusunthira bokosi la maluwa kuchipinda chopsa mtima mpaka +20 ℃. Njira zokwezeranso mtengo wa kanjedza wozizira zimayamba ndi malo osamba, zomwe zitha kuchitika ndikutsitsa mphikawo m'bafa, ndikuthira dothi ndi pulasitiki ndikukulungirani gawo lobiriwira ndi madzi (osapitirira + 40 ℃).
Mavuto ena otheka
Zofunikira zina zofunikira kuti ziumetse mapepala ndi:
- Makulidwe osakwanira a mphika - kukula kwa mizu ndi kukula kwa chomera mu kukula kumafunika kusinthidwa kwakanthawi. Ndondomeko imachitidwa molondola kwambiri, kuyesera kuchita popanda kuwononga mizu. Nthawi zina mchitidwewo ungayambitse kuphukira kwa masamba ndi mtengo wa kanjedza - chifukwa cha kupsinjika.
- Kuwombedwa mwachindunji ndi dzuwa - kuchokera pakuwala, masamba amayamba kuwuma ndikusintha mthunzi wamba kukhala mtundu wachikasu. Nthawi zina, phesi louma limapindidwa pakati, limatha kupha ndikufa.
- Kukonzekera - windowsill sioyenera mbewu chifukwa cha kukonzekera, kusinthasintha kwa kutentha mothandizidwa ndi kutentha kwapakati. Mukathandizidwa, chikhalidwecho chimayamba kupweteketsa msanga.
- Kuvala kwapamwamba - umuna wosakwanira kapena wowonjezera kumabweretsa kubowoleza ndi kugwa kwamasamba.
Kuwotcha masamba
Sizikupanga nzeru kuthana ndi masamba omwe akhudzidwa - olima maluwa odziwa kuwalangiza awalangize kuti adulidwe kupewa matenda obiriwira. Ngati mumanyalanyaza malangizowo komanso kukhala motalika kwa nthawi yayitali, sizingatheke kupulumutsa dzanja lanu.
Dracaena ndi chikhalidwe chokongola chomwe chimalemeretsa nyumba ndi mpweya komanso chokongoletsa chipindacho. Kutsatira malamulo okhathamiritsa zithandiza kupewa mavuto ambiri, kuphatikiza kukula kwa matenda ndi kuukira kwa tizirombo tina.
