Phlox osatha: Kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera

Ma phlox osatha ndi mbewu zokongoletsera zokhala ndi inflorescence yamitundu yowala. Amakhala ndi fungo lamphamvu. Gawo loyamba linagulitsidwa ku North America. Poyamba, inflorescence inali yofiira kwambiri, kenako ma hybrids amawonekera. Pali mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana yomwe imakhala ndi buluu, pinki, rasipiberi, hue wofiirira.

Kufotokozera mwachidule za mitundu ndi mitundu yotchuka

Zomera zimamera munthaka yaying'ono kuyambira 10 cm mpaka 1.5 m kutalika. Zimayambira zowongoka ngakhale. Masamba ndi obiriwira owala bwino. Inflorescence imakhala ndi maluwa ambiri, mpaka 90 ma PC. Amakhala ngati ma chubu, okhala ndi miyala isanu.

Phlox osatha

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ili pansipa.

Styloid

Kutalika kwa thengo kumafika mpaka masentimita 40. Amakhala ndi mphukira zambiri. Masamba ali ndi singano yopyapyala.

Maluwa amapezeka pakati pa nthawi ya masika, inflorescence kwambiri yophimba tchire. Ndi zoyera, zofiirira, zapinki, zofiirira.

Mbewu itha kubzalidwa m'minda, maluwa mabedi, kapinga. Mabasi okwawa m'makwalala akuwoneka bwino. Pochoka, mawonedwewo ndi osakwaniritsidwa. Mavuto amatha kuchitika pakubala. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusankha nthawi yanji pachaka kuti duwa lipulumuka.

Phlox awl

Wofalikira

Dzina lina ndi Canada, kapena phlox lotayirira. Zomera sizokhazikika. Ili ndi maluwa a lilac kapena abuluu. Inflorescences amapanga scutellum. Pansi, pamakhala tinsapato tating'onoting'ono, totukulidwa m'mbali. Maluwa amapezeka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, koyambirira kwa chilimwe. Kutalika kwenikweni kwa chitsamba kumafika mpaka 40 cm.

Habitat - madambo onyowa. Kuthengo, imapezeka ku North America kokha. Pakulima maluwa, zipatso za phlox zotsika mtengo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zokongoletsera. Zosiyanasiyana ndizosazindikira komanso zolimba. Chimakula bwino pakati pa Russia. Chimakula bwino m'malo achinyezi komanso pamtunda kuposa m'malo owuma komanso dzuwa.

Phlox adasewera

Waku Canada

Chimakhala chachilengedwe m'nkhalango komanso chinyezi chambiri. Kodi phloxes limayamba liti? Chakumapeto kwa chilimwe, kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Ma inflorescence amakhala ndi pinki, buluu, zobiriwira.

Maluwa ndi odzichiritsa, koma chinyezi chokwanira chimafunikira kuti chikule. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zokongoletsera pamiyala yamiyala, makoma a maluwa.

Kuti duwa likhalepo, dothi liyenera kukhala lamchenga. Zosiyanasiyana zimatha kufalitsidwa pobzala mbali ya chitsamba kapena mbewu. Chomera chimaphukira mpaka chisanu choyamba.

Phlox waku Canada

Mantha

Kutalika kwakukulu kwa phlox ndi mita 1. Amakula mu chikhalidwe chachilengedwe, odzichiritsa. Maluwa ndi oyera, lalanje, buluu, utoto, wofiira. Koma pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosangalatsa, mwachitsanzo, ndi ma stroko, mikwingwirima yoyera-yoyera, malekezero achikaso ndi zapansi zapinki. Maluwa akapanga, kununkhira kwake kumakhala kolimba koma kosangalatsa.

Chitsamba chili chochepa, motero chimatha kudzalidwa mumiphika yonse pakhonde ndi m'mundamo. Maluwa amapezeka pakati pa chilimwe, amatha mpaka miyezi iwiri. Ngati mudula gawo la mphukira mu Meyi, mutha kusintha nyengo yamaluwa. Izi zimakulitsa nthawi yokongoletsera.

Phlox paniculata

Douglas

Ma phloxes omwe amakula pang'ono, omwe amatalika mpaka 30 cm. Duwa lake limakhala lopanda tanthauzo, limapulumuka bwino nthawi yozizira. Koma, ngati yonyowa komanso yotentha, imayamba kusanza. Maluwa amapezeka mkati mwa miyezi 1.5. Ngati dothi lonyowa kwambiri, nthawi imeneyi lidzachepa kwambiri.

Kuti mukule phlox wamuyaya wamaluwa ndi maluwa oyera, kumatha chinyezi chofunikira, ndikofunikira kuti padzuwa pakhale dzuwa. Ma inflorescence samayikidwa. Ali ndi rasipiberi, pinki, mtundu woyera.

Phlox Douglas

Drummond

Ichi ndi mtundu wapachaka wokhala ndi mphukira. Kutalika kwenikweni kwa chitsamba kumafika mpaka theka la mita. Maluwa amapezeka pakati pa chilimwe, amatha kumapeto kwa chisanu.

Mtundu wachilengedwe ndi wofiyira, koma mothandizidwa ndi hybridization, pinki, lofiirira, wachikaso, oyera, mitundu iwiri yokhala ndi matiyidwe awiri. Maluwawo amanunkhira bwino, amakhala ndi panicles. Nthambizo zimasonkhanitsidwa m'machubu, pomwe ukufalikira, aliyense wa pamakhala ndi mawonekedwe.

Phlox Drummond

Pamene phlox osatha maluwa

Ambiri wamaluwa amakhala ndi chidwi ndi nthawi yomwe phloxes pachimake asanabadwe m'munda wawo. Nthawi imeneyi zimatengera zosiyanasiyana:

• masitayilo, kufalikira, Canada, Douglas - kumapeto kwa Epulo, kuyambira Meyi;
• mantha - kumapeto kwa June, kuyambira kwa Julayi;
• Drummond - chiyambi cha maluwa kumapeto kwa Julayi, kumathera chisanu woyamba.

Zambiri za kukula kwa phlox ngati chikhalidwe chosatha chamunda

Pali njira zingapo zofalitsira zitsamba.

• Kudula. Iyi ndiye njira yosavuta yosavuta yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba. Ambiri wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito. Mitengo yayikulu kwambiri yopulumuka ndiyomwe imadulidwa muziponde zantchito. Pali chiopsezo pamsika wogula zodulidwa.
• Kuyika. Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, mutha kufalitsa mbewuyi osati mchaka chokha, komanso nthawi zina za chaka. Kuti muchite izi, pindani mbali ya chitsamba pansi ndikuyiphimba ndi dziko lapansi. Mizu imayamba kuonekera. Pambuyo pa izi, njirayi imasiyanitsidwa ndi chitsamba ndikuchiika.
• Gawani chitsamba. Iyi ndi njira yovuta, choncho siwokonza m'munda aliyense amene angathe kuigwira. Koma zotsatira zake zimakhala zosangalatsa. Kubala kumachitika mu kasupe kapena koyambilira kwa nyundo. Izi zimafuna chitsamba chabwino chathanzi. Zaka zake ziyenera kukhala zosachepera zaka zisanu. Gawani mbewuzo m'magawo awiri, chilichonse chimayenera kukhala ndi mizu.
• Mbewu. Iyi ndiye njira yayitali kwambiri yomwe si aliyense amene angasankhe. Mbewu zimagulidwa ku malo ogulitsira kapena kugula nokha. Bzalani mu kugwa, koma osati poyera, koma mu chidebe chokhala ndi mchenga, humus. Amabzalidwa mpaka akuya masentimita 2. Kukula kwake kumaikidwa mumsewu, wokutidwa ndi chipale chofewa ndi masamba. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti mukule tchire mwanjira yachilengedwe. Chapakatikati, mphukira zimasunthidwa m'chipindacho kuti zimayamba kuphukiranso.

Kudula bwino kwambiri m'malo kumapeto kwa masika. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri ndi Meyi. Mikhalidwe imasankhidwa kutengera nyengo yomwe duwa limera. Nthawi ina yodzala phlox osatha ndi Seputembara. Poterepa, maluwa amatenga kasupe. Koma nthawi yobzala m'dzinja payenera kukhala chisanu, apo ayi mbewuyo ikafa isanazike mizu.

Mukadzala chomera panthaka, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale mtunda wa pafupifupi 30 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Izi ndichifukwa choti mizu idzakulika m'lifupi mwake mobisa, sayenera kukhala yolumikizana. Ngati mbewuyo ndi yayitali, mtunda uyenera kukulitsidwa mpaka masentimita 60. Pambuyo pobwezeretsanso, malo ena ayenera kuthiriridwa, chifukwa chomera chimakonda chinyezi.

Nthaka yoika zina kuti izikhala yonyowa pang'ono, imakhala ndi chernozem ndi mchenga. Siyenera kukhala yonyowa, chifukwa mungafunikire kuthilira madzi a phlox kuti asawonongeke.

Ngati wolimayo asankha kubzala mwa kubzala mbewu, zitha kugulidwa pamsika, wolamulidwa pa intaneti. Mtengo wake umachokera ku ruble 15 mpaka 50. * Thumba limodzi.

Kusamalira m'munda kuyambira nthawi yobzala panja

Kubzala ndi kusamalira phlox yosatha kumachitika molingana ndi malamulo.

• Kuthirira. Mutabzala, mmera umathiriridwa madzi ambiri. Madzi oyenda ayenera kukhala osachepera malita 15 a madzi pa 1 mita imodzi ya malo. Nthaka ikauma, imayenera kumasulidwa mozungulira mmera. Peat imawonjezeredwa pamtunda pamwamba ndi masentimita 50. Simungathe kuthilira kapena kumasula nthaka, izi zimatsogolera ku kufa kwa chitsamba. Kugwiritsa ntchito peat kumapereka mwayi wofikitsa maluwa.
• Mavalidwe apamwamba, kulima. Mitundu yambiri ya phlox imayankha bwino kuphatikiza feteleza wa mchere. Zitha kugulidwa pa sitolo iliyonse. Izi zimathandizira kukula ndi kukula kwa masamba ochuluka, mizu. Akamasula pansi, amayesa kuti asawononge mizu yocheperako, chifukwa ali ndi dongosolo labwino. M'mwezi wa Meyi, amayamba kupereka feteleza wamadzimadzi (mullein, zitosi za nkhuku, ammonium nitrate, feteleza wa phosphate). Nyengo yamvula, dothi limathirira madzi ambiri.
• Woponya. Kuthengo sikunali kwakukulu kwambiri, zimayambira ndi masamba zimachotsedwa. Chitani izi m'chaka. Mphukira zouma kwambiri komanso zopanda mphamvu zimachotsedwa ngati zazitali kuposa masentimita 7. Kudula gawo la mphukira mu Meyi kuonetsetsa kuti maluwa akutuluka mosalekeza.

Ngati zinthu zonse zakwaniritsidwa, wosamalira mundawo amasamalira bwino ma phlox molondola, osakhazikika amadzaphuka chaka chilichonse.

Kodi mavuto omwe alimi omwe amalima phlox amakhala nawo ndi otani

Nthawi zambiri, wamaluwa amakumana ndi zovuta zotsatirazi akakula phlox:

• osakwanira kukula kwa tsinde ndi maluwa, ulesi. Nyengo youma, nthaka youma komanso kusowa chinyontho ndikuyenera kutsutsidwa;
• maonekedwe a matenda a phomosis, powdery hlobo, mawanga, omwe angawononge duwa kwathunthu. Polimbana ndi matenda fungicides angathandize;
• kukula kwamasamba ambiri wokhala ndi maluwa pang'ono. Zimachitika chifukwa mphukira zowonjezera sizinachotsedwe mu kasupe;
• kumera mbewu zosavomerezeka kapena kumezanitsa kulumikizidwa, ngati iwo amatengedwa kuchokera kuchitsamba cha mayi atagwidwa ndi matenda kapena kachiromboka;
• kupulumuka moyipa pambuyo pakuzandidwa. Mwina malo olakwika adasankhidwa kapena nthawi yolakwika ya chaka idasankhidwa.

Chifukwa phlox osatha sachita pachimake

Pali mavuto otsatirawa omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale maluwa:

• kusowa kwa madzi okwanira, malo ouma pamene ali panthaka;
• kuyatsa kosakwanira, komwe kuli kofunikira pafupifupi mmera uliwonse kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu kuti maluwa amasulidwe;
• Kuwala kochulukirapo, komwe kumayimitsa mbewuyo, sikuloleza kutulutsa;
• kubzala mu dothi, lomwe lili ndi mchere wocheperako komanso michere yofunikira pakukula kwamaluwa;
• kusowa kwa mulching, yomwe ndi gawo lofunikira pakukula kwabwino kwa odulidwa, mphukira, nthanga;
• kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni wogwiritsa ntchito feteleza, yemwe amalimbikitsa kukula kwa tsinde ndi mphukira, koma amaletsa mapangidwe a maluwa.

Momwe mungadyetse phlox yama maluwa ambiri

Kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwama inflorescence, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse zinthu za nayitrogeni m'nthaka. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani feteleza onse omwe akuphatikizira izi. Feteleza okhala ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu amawonjezeredwa. Maminolo amenewa amathandizira kuti pakhale maluwa ambiri. Koma amafunika kuyikidwa munyengo yachilimwe ndi nthawi yachilimwe.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Matenda ofala kwambiri komanso tizirombo toyambitsa matenda a phlox osatha afotokozedwa pansipa.

• Phomosis. Ndi matendawa, masamba ake amapindika ndikuyamba kusanduka achikasu, zimayambira zimasanduka zofiira, osweka. Kuti athetse matendawa, madzi a Bordeaux ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kanayi pa tsiku. Njira ya chithandizo mpaka masiku 10.
• Makatani agulugufe. Amadya masamba ndi maluwa. Amatha kuwongoleredwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
• Powdery Mildew Ichi ndi matenda a fungal omwe amapanga ngati chovala choyera pam masamba. Kuti muthane ndi mankhwalawa Bordeaux kapena mankhwala ena antifungal. Popewa matendawa, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate, yomwe imalowetsedwa ndi mbewu mchaka.
• Kuwongolera ndalama zapanjinga. Ndi majeremusi omwe amadya madzi a chomera, nkumasiya zotumphukira pansi pa masamba. Intavir imathandiza.
• Kuwaza malo. Ndi matenda, mawanga a bulauni kapena achikasu pamasamba. Mankhwala, Bordeaux fluid umagwiritsidwa ntchito pambiri 1%.

Njira zina zochiritsira ndizothandiza zomwe zingakuthandizeni kukulitsa mbewu popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oopsa m'malo komanso anthu:

• kukonkha dothi ndikuwombera ndi phulusa;
• kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi sopo yankho (15 g yamkuwa sulfate pa 10 l yamadzi, onjezerani theka la sopo yochapa yosungunuka mu 8 l ya madzi otentha, sakanizani chilichonse);
• kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi 1% phulusa la sopo wosakaniza ndi sopo yochapira;
• kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi hydrogen peroxide. Vala imasungunuka mumtsuko ndikuthira njira yotsanulidwira m'nthaka kuti isawoneke ndi nematode.

* Mitengo ndi ya Julayi 2019.