Funso la momwe mungayambire kukongoletsanso orchid kunyumba, masamba ake atayamba kupota kapena kutembenukira chikasu, ndipo mizu yake imakhala youma ndikuvunda, imadandaula anthu ambiri okonda maluwa okongola. Phalaenopsis imatha kusinthidwa kwathunthu ndikubwezeretsedwa ngakhale itakhala yofooka kwambiri.
Zizindikiro ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa
Kudziwa molondola zomwe zimayambitsa matenda maluwa kudzakuthandizani kumvetsetsa momwe mungatetezere orchid ndikuisamalira moyenera.
Matenda a Orchid:
- Mavuto a maluwa. Pali zitatu zazikulu izi:
- sichimatulutsa
- Masamba amatha kuzimiririka kapena kuvunda,
- mawanga amdima amawoneka pamaluwa.
Orchid wathanzi pamikhalidwe yoyenera
- Zowola zosiyanasiyana:
- Bakiteriya wakuda. Poterepa, masamba ayamba kuvunda.
- Mizu yowola. Nthawi zambiri, amazisintha ndikofunikira.
- Masamba amatha kuvunda ndi kuphimbidwa ndi imvi kapena zokutira zakuda - izi zimawonetsa kukhalapo kwa bowa.
- Fusarium zowola - masamba ayamba kutembenukira chikasu.
- Matendawa:
- Anthracnose. Masamba amakhudzidwa ndi bowa, ndipo amaphimbidwa ndi malo ang'onoang'ono akuda. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kusayenda kwa madzi mu nkhwangwa la tsamba.
- Kuwaza kwa mabakiteriya. Choyamba, masamba amasanduka achikasu, kenako amatha kuvunda, kenako amasungunuka, kusweka, kupukuta ndi kugwa.
- Kusintha kwa masamba, otaika wotayika.
- Kuotcha masamba. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika mchilimwe. Mukapanda kuyika maluwa pamaluwa nthawi, ndiye kuti masamba adzafa msanga, ndikupanga mabowo m'malo oyaka.
- Powdery Mildew Chomera chimakutidwa ndi duwa loyera ndipo posachedwa kufa ngati palibe chochita.
- Matenda a virus. Sadziwonetsa kwa nthawi yayitali, sangathe kuthandizidwa, duwa liyenera kuwonongedwa.
Zofunika! Kachilombo kakapezekanso mu orchid, muyenera kuchotsa nthawi yomweyo kuchokera kuzomera zina ndikuwononga. Ngati kuthirira kuli konsekonse mu chidebe chimodzi, ndiye kuti maluwa ena amatenga kachilombo. Pankhaniyi, ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi maantibayotiki.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda:
- Kachilombo kapena mafangayi amatha kuyambitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida.
- Kutentha kwambiri.
- Kuchulukitsa kapena kusakwanira kuthirira.
- Kuchuluka kwamavalidwe apamwamba.
- Tizilombo, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.
- Gawo lapansi silinasinthe kwa nthawi yayitali.
- Kuwala koyipa.
Momwe mungayambireninso ndi mizu yowola
Momwe ndikofunikira kukhazikitsanso orchid ngati mizu yonse yatota si funso losavuta, likufuna ntchito yapadera.
Ziyenera kumvetsedwa! Mizu yovunda singathenso kupulumutsidwa, motero pangafunikire kuti ikule.
Njira Zothanirana ndi Vutoli:
- Chotsani duwa pamphika,
- Sendani mizu ndikutsuka bwino.
- Chotsani ma rhizomes onse owola pogwiritsa ntchito zida zotetezedwa (mpeni kapena lumo). Pangotsala minofu yathanzi.
- Magawo omwe amathandizidwa ndi makala oponderezedwa ndi mafangayi.
- Ngati nkhungu ikapezeka, sinthani mbewuyo kukhala yankho la potaziyamu kwa mphindi zingapo.
Ngati mizu idatsalirabe mutatha kukonza, ndikofunikira kuti ndikusinthira mbewuyo kukhala gawo lapansi, koma mumphika wochepa. Onetsetsani kuti mwapatsa maluwa okongola ndi kutentha kosasunthika kwa madigiri 22-25.
Mizu ya Orchid imavunda
Orchid wopanda mizu
Momwe mungatsitsimutsire orchid panyumba yonse yomwe mizu yake yatota:
- Gwiritsani ntchito kuyanika pafupipafupi ndi kuthilira;
- Kugwiritsa ntchito nyumba zobiriwira zazing'ono.
Mizu yonse yovunda ikachotsedwa, orchid amathandizidwa ndi chilichonse chakukulitsa muzu.
Zambiri. "Cornevin" yama orchid ndi othandizira kukula kwa mizu ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuthetsa mavuto. Awa ndi mankhwala okhala ndi mahomoni omwe amathandizira kupanga mizu.
Thirani madzi mu kapu yokhazikika powonjezera shuga kapena uchi (supuni 1 pa lita imodzi). Kenako, maluwa a mbewuyo amayikidwa mugalasi kuti masamba asamayanjane ndi madzi, ndipo gawo lotsikiralo limamizidwa kwathunthu mkati mwake. Pakatha maola 8, madziwo ayenera kuthiriridwa ndipo duwa limawuma. Pambuyo muyenera kuchitira malo ogulitsa ndi othandizira a mizu kukula.
Malo obiriwira pang'ono ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopulumutsira mbewu popanda mizu. Tengani chidebe chaching'ono pomwe duwa lidzazika mizu, ndikudzaza ndi dongo lokwera pansi ndikutikita pamwamba. Ikani zitsulo pamtunda wokonzedwa ndikuyika chidebe mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Phalaenopsis tsamba lopanda mizu
Onetsetsani kuti mwasamalira mikhalidwe:
- Kutentha - madigiri 22-28,
- Zowunikira - mpaka maola 14 patsiku,
- Chinyezi - osachepera 70%.
Ndikofunikira kuti mpweya wabwino wobiriwira ukhale m'malo, ndikumunyowetsa nthaka. Pakatha milungu ingapo, mizu imayamba kukula. Atafika 4-5 masentimita, mutha kudzala chomera mu gawo lapansi.
Masamba owoneka bwino
Mukakwanitsa kukula mizu ya orchid, mutha kubzala maluwa mumphika ndi dothi. Komabe, nthawi zina mmera ukayamba kusiya masamba, amasiya kugwira mawonekedwe awo.
Kuwonongeka kwa masamba turgor
Momwe mungasungire orchid wopanda mizu ndi masamba owuma:
- Pitani patsogolo mpaka muzu.
- Ngati pali mbali zovunda za tsamba, ziyenera kudulidwa, ndipo magawo amayenera kuchitidwa ndi makala, obiriwira abwino kapena sinamoni. Pambuyo kuyanika, pafupifupi maola asanu ndi atatu.
- Pangani nyengo yakukonzanso kwa maluwa.
- Mapepala ochepera amabwezeretsedwa mothandizidwa ndi ma compress: bandeji imayatsidwa ndi presinic acid.
Zambiri. Succinic acid nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza wa orchid. Ichi ndiye chipulumutso nthawi zambiri, makamaka ngati mbewu ifota. Succinic acid ndi bizinesi yabwino yotetezedwa yomwe ingathandize "kutsitsimutsa" duwa ndikulibwezeretsanso pambuyo pake.
Nthawi zambiri, masamba akale samabwezeretsa mawonekedwe, koma amatembenuka chikasu ndikugwa. M'malo mwake, amakula ma sheet atsopano olimba.
Kubwezeretsa kunyumba
Kubwezeretsa maluwa kumeneku kumafunika kupirira komanso kupweteketsa mbewu. Ndikofunikira kukonzekera zonse zofunikira kubwezeretsanso duwa ndikuwukonzanso.
Zambiri. Pakakhala kuwala kwambiri, masamba a chomera amakhala wobiriwira wowala. Kuwala kuyenera kupangidwenso mpaka masamba atayambiranso kubiriwira.
Zoyenera kumangidwa
Kwa phalaenopsis, zotsatirazi zokhala m'ndende ndizofunikira:
- Kuwala - kusokoneza, popanda kuwala kowala.
- Kutentha - pewani zojambula ndi zowongolera mpweya.
- Chinyezi - 60-70%.
- Kutsirira ndikokhazikika. Simungathe kudzaza maluwa, ikani mphika ndi chomera mu beseni ndi madzi kwa mphindi 25-30 kawiri pa sabata.
- Nthaka yoyenera. Mutha kugula dothi m'sitolo ndikuwonjezera zidutswa za dongo zokulirapo, makungwa a oak ndi makala ake.
- Mavalidwe apamwamba. Feteleza ayenera kukhala ndi nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi chitsulo.
Tcherani khutu! Nthawi yovuta kwambiri ya phalaenopsis ndi nthawi yophukira-yozizira. Mumsewu, kutentha kwa mpweya kumachepa kwambiri, chifukwa chomwe nyumbayo imayatsa. Poterepa, matenthedwe m'zipindamo amadzuka, mpweya umakhala wofewa. Komanso, tsiku la utoto limafupikitsidwa, motero orchid amalandira kuwala pang'ono kwa dzuwa.
Kubwezeretsa Zinthu
Kuti orchid ichiritse popanda mavuto, ziyenera kuchitika:
- Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala kosadetsa.
- Osaphatikiza feteleza maluwa patatha mwezi umodzi kuchokera “chithandizenso”, kuti pasachitike zoyipa. Pambuyo kudya, pang'onopang'ono.
- Yang'anirani kupezeka kwa tizirombo.
- Gwiritsani gawo lapansi lapamwamba kwambiri.
- Sungani malo abwino okhala ma orchid.
Malangizo Akusamalira
Pakapita kanthawi chomera chikadzabwezeretsa, masamba ayamba kuonekera. Phula lakufa liyenera kuchotsedwa petals litagwa. Ngati mumadula posachedwa kwambiri, ndiye kuti atsopano angayambitse miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yokha.
Nthawi yogona, duwa limayikidwa m'malo otentha, osawunikira kwambiri. Maluwa atadulira, maluwa nthawi zambiri amapuma kwa miyezi iwiri.
Orchid mumphika wowonekera
Kusamalira kofunikira pakupuma:
- Osanyalanyaza kuwalako.
- Kutentha masana - mpaka madigiri 24, usiku - mpaka 16.
- Pafupipafupi kuthirira kumachepa. M'nyengo yozizira, mutha kupopera.
- Kuti masamba ayambe, mutha kupanga zovuta zomwe zingakhale zovuta - kusiyana kwa kutentha. Usiku, iyenera kutsikira mpaka madigiri 4-6.
- Manyowa patatha masabata 3-4 mutabadwa.
Khalidwe la chisamaliro nthawi yamadontho limazindikira momwe maluwa amadzaliranso msanga.
Musanayambe kuyambiranso, ndikofunikira kudziwa njira zonse ndikusankha yoyenera. Pokhapokha njirayi itachitidwa moyenera, duwa silitha msanga, m'malo mwake, lingakhale lothekera. Kenako, kangapo konse, adzasangalatsa nyumbayo ndi maluwa okongola.
