Mtengo wa Myrtle - wothandiza bwanji mchisu m'nyumba

Mtengo wa Myrtle ndi chomera chomwe pali nthano zambiri zofotokozera mawonekedwe ake padziko lapansi. M'modzi wa iwo akuti: pomwe adathamangitsidwa mu paradiso, Adamu adatenga nthambi ya mchombo kupita ku dziko lapansi ndikukula mtengo wa mgana womwe umafanana ndi munda wa paradiso.

Kodi mchira ndi chiyani? Chomera chidapeza dzina chifukwa chamtundu wapamwamba wamafuta ofunikira, tanthauzo la mawu achi Greek akuti "myrtle" ndi "mafuta" kapena "zofukiza".

Myrtle ndi mtengo kapena chitsamba chomwe chimasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ake okongola komanso fungo labwino, zomwe zimapangitsa chidwi chachikulu pakati pa olima maluwa ndi mafani a bonsai.

Zima nyengo yachisanu kutchire ndizotheka kumadera otentha okha, ku Russia mchisu chimalimidwa maluwa.

Chiyambidwe ndi mawonekedwe a mtengo wa mchisu

Dziko la myrtle (Myrtus) limadziwika kuti ndi la Mediterranean. Ndi banja la Myrtaceae.

Mitundu yake yamtchire imamera ku Italy, France, Spain, Greece, North Africa. Zomera zimatha kupezeka m'maiko aku America, ku Australia, Asia, ndi Azores.

Mtengo wa Myrtle wobiriwira kale bonsai

Chomera chikuyimira maluwa omwe akukula pang'onopang'ono - Kukula pachaka sikupitirira 15 cm.

Kuthengo, mtengowu ndi wautali mamita 5. Duwa langa ngati duwa lanyumba nthawi zambiri limakula mpaka 60 cm, nthawi zambiri limafikira mita imodzi.

Myrtle ndi chomera chobiriwira chokhala ndi masamba athunthu, amtundu wotsutsa wa emerald wokhala ndi mitsempha yaying'ono yokhala ndi mafuta ofunikira onunkhira bwino kwambiri.

Maluwa oyera omwe atengedwa m'mlifupi amapanga masamba a inflorescence amatha kupanga magulu kapena kukula okha.

M'malo mwa maluwa m'dzinja, zipatso zozungulira zimawonekera, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamtambo wakuda. Nthawi zina zipatso zimakhala zachikasu komanso zoyera. Mkati mwake mumakhala njere zosasinthika, pomwe mutha kumera mtengo watsopano.

Chisoni cha duwa ndichodabwitsa

Duwa laling'ono kakang'ono ndi petals yoyera chipale chofewa ndi ma stamens agolide limanunkhira bwino kwambiri.

Mitundu ndi mitundu yamtengo wa mchisu

Pali mitundu 20 mpaka 40 ndi mitundu yopitilira 100 ya mchisu. Ambiri aiwo amabzalidwa m'minda ya botanical m'maiko ambiri padziko lapansi.

Pakukula kunyumba, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri - yamrisi, yemwe amadziwika kwambiri.

Makhalidwe omwe mbewu imakopa ndi kukongoletsa kwambiri, kununkhira, kuchiritsa katundu komanso kuthekera kokula mtengo wa bonsai.

Chithaphalala chotupa (Сalyculata)

Chithaphalala pachimake ndi chitsamba chobiriwira chotalika mpaka mita imodzi. Dzinalo lodziwika ndi Kassandra.

Chisoti chachifumu chikukula, zimayambira zowongoka. Pali miyeso yaying'ono panthambi. Masamba ndi ang'ono, ophatikizidwa ndi petioles lalifupi. Maluwa oyera-oyera amatengedwera mu maluwa a inflemose inflorescence. Osiyanasiyana ndikusinthasintha kwa nyengo yozizira ya ku Russia. Malo omwe amakonda kupitako ndi ma sphagnum bogs. Chiyembekezo chamoyo chafika zaka 50.

Variegata myrtle (Variegata)

Imasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba a masamba osiyanasiyana okhala ndi zopindika komanso mawonekedwe a amber hue, kunyezimira kwake komwe kumatengera kuwala. Nthaka za mitundu yosiyanasiyana zimamverera kunja kwambiri komanso mkati.

Mukamapanga zinthu zabwino, zimayamba kutulutsa maluwa ang'onoang'ono a beige komanso mithunzi yoyera chipale chofewa. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa.

Duwa losadziwika bwino pachithaphalala

Amakhala ndi fungo labwino, amawononga majeremusi komanso amawononga mpweya woipa. Imayesedwa ngati chizindikiro cha chonde.

Myrtle Hymen

Chitsamba chobiriwira nthawi zonse chinalandira dzina lake polemekeza Mulungu waukwati, dzina lachiwiri ndi Chimwemwe cha mkwatibwi. Imayimira unyamata ndi kukongola. Achinyamata omwe akukonzekera kukhala ndi mafuta, anapatsana zipatso za mchisu. Ili ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono amtundu wa emerald mu mawonekedwe a lancet. Kuthengo, imakula mpaka 5 metres, ngati chomera - chosakwera kuposa mita. Masamba akutulutsa maluwa okongola.

Lash maluwa maluwa

Lemon Myrtle (Ndimu)

Ili ndi fungo la ndimu. Kuthengo, komwe kumapezeka kudera lotentha la Australia. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuphika pokonzekera manyumwa, soseji, mavalidwe ndi zakumwa. Masamba owuma amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zonunkhira ndi zokometsera.

Myrtle Communis, kapena wamba (Komisisi)

Mirt Communis ndi chikhalidwe chokongoletsera. Zimapezeka m'nkhalangozi za mitengo yotere ya Mediterranean pafupi ndi tchire. Imawoneka ngati mtengo wokhazikika nthawi zonse mpaka 5 metres.

Mula wopanda masamba

Mtundu wa ulemu wamba. Muluzi wokhala ndi zipatso zambiri amakhala ndi mphamvu yoyambitsa matenda. Zimawononga mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza komanso kupewa:

• chimfine
• zilonda zapakhosi;
• sinusitis;
• prostatitis;
• matenda am'mimba thirakiti.

Amakula mpaka 4 metres. Zimayambira ndi tetrahedral, masamba onyezimira moyang'anizana, mpaka 5 cm kutalika ndi mbali zowongoka. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi timiyala tambiri toyera ngati chipale chofewa timamera pazitunda zazitali. Ma stamens agolide amapezeka symmetrically.

Myrtle Alhambra (Alhambra)

Zimakopa chidwi chake. Zoyenera kukula panja komanso ngati chomera. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyimbo. Amakonzera malo owala.

Zipatso zoyera za mchira Alhambra

Maluwa amachitika mchaka. Maluwa oyera oyera ndi onunkhira bwino. M'malo mwake, ma boll seed ofunda chowumbidwa, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, ali ndi utoto woyera ngati chipale.

Mirt Tarentina (Tarentina)

Mawonekedwe akunyumba a subspecies wamba. Limamasulidwa kwambiri ndi maluwa onunkhira oyera ngati chipale chofewa omwe amatengedwa mu inflorescence.

Zoyenda zazing'ono, sizikhala zosaposa 1.5 masentimita, zotalika ndi lakuthwa m'mphepete, zopangidwa ndi petioles lalifupi.

Woimira maluwayu akukula mwachangu. Kuthengo, imapitilira 5 metres; mkati zamkati imafika mita imodzi. Imayankha bwino ngati dzuwa, kuthirira nthawi zonse ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.

Myrtle African (Myrsina)

Myrtle ya ku Africa amawonedwa molakwika kuti ndi banja la a Mirtov, ngakhale ndi a banja la a Mirsinov (Myrsinoideae). Amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, koma pofufuza mosamala, mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a masamba amapezeka, maluwa ndi ochepa komanso osiyana ndi mchisu.

Dzinalo lolondola la iwiri ndi African Mirsina. Kukula:

• Africa;
• China
• Himalaya.

Banja la Mirsin Afrikana Mirsinovyh

Pali ma shrubby ndi mitengo yokhala ngati mchisu, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yofunikira kuyatsa.

Mphukira ndi zofiyira. Masamba ang'onoang'ono amtundu wabiriwira wobiriwira kumtunda ndi wobiriwira pansi.

Pali maluwa achikazi ndi achimuna. Zoyambazo ndizocheperako ndi miyala yoyera, yofiirira kapena yapinki. Amuna - m'matoni a lilac okhala ndi ma anthers ofiira owala.

Zipatso zofiirira zomwe zimapangidwa nthawi ya kugwa, minofu mu mawonekedwe a mipira, zimakhala ndi mbewu 1. Amapachika nthambi kwanthawi yayitali, kuteteza kukongoletsa.

Kuika Myrtle pambuyo kugula mphika

Myrtle wogulidwa ku malo ogulitsira amafuna chisamaliro chapadera. Kusintha kwina kulikonse kumayambitsa kupsinjika. Kwa myrtle, kusankha koyenera malo ndi chikhalidwe chachikulu pakukula.

Mbewuyi imangokhala milungu iwiri yokha. Pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kuchitira chithandizo kuchokera ku tizirombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kuika duwa mwachangu ndikufunika pazifukwa ziwiri:

1. Nthawi zambiri, dothi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika mbewuyo isanagulitsidwe silikukwaniritsa zofunikira ndipo limatha kukhala ndi zosayipa zoyipa.
2. Myrtle adagulidwa mu chidebe chotumizira chosayenera kuti pakhale maluwa.

Zomwe mukusowa

Chomera ichi sichimakonda miphika yayikulu, ndiyofunika kuyisunthira mumphika wofanana ndi sitolo imodzi kuti mpira wamuzu uzaza malo onse mkati mwa thankiyo.

M'pofunika kukonzekeretsa malo kuti mubzale, kudziwa bwino kapangidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa zigawo zina. Pang'onopang'ono acidic nthaka imamukwanira. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito osakaniza a evergreens kapena kukonza nokha osakaniza.

Pali zosankha zingapo zakapangidwe dothi.

Choyamba:

• sod - gawo limodzi;
• humus - 1 gawo;
• nthaka ya peat ndi mchenga wofanana - 1 gawo.

Chachiwiri:

• mchenga - gawo limodzi;
• humus - magawo awiri;
• dongo ladothi - magawo awiri;
• sod - 2 magawo.

Malo osavuta obiriwira angachite.

Haidrogel ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa m'nthaka kuti mchisu, izikhala ndi chinyezi. Ndikofunikira kukonzekera zakuthengo, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito dongo komanso kukulitsa dongo.

Malo abwino

Mnyumba, sill yoyang'ana kumadzulo kapena kummawa ndiyo malo oyenera. Dongosolo ili lidzakwaniritsa zofunikira zowunikira komanso kutentha.

Zojambula za mchisu ndizopanda mantha; Kuti muwone kutuluka kwa mpweya wabwino, nthawi yotentha ndikofunikira kusamutsa myulu ku khonde kapena ku dimba, pang'onopang'ono kuzolowera kumalo kwatsopano.

Pang'onopang'ono ikamatera

Kubzala kumalimbikitsidwa kuti zizichitika patsiku lachiwiri kapena lachitatu mutathirira madzi, pomwe mbewa yazuma (ndizosavuta kuyichotsa mu thanki).

Motsatira zochita:

1. Chotsani chitsamba mosamala mumphika.
2. Ngati ndi kotheka, chotsani mizu ya dziko lapansi.
3. Chepetsa mosamala ndi mizu youma.
4. Ikani chosanjikiza pansi pa mphika.
5. Kuwaza ndi dothi lokonzekera mchisu ndi wosanjikiza wa 2-3 cm.
6. Khazikitsani mmera motsimikiza.
7. Dzazani mphika ndi chosakaniza, ndikupangira dothi lozungulira thunthu.
8. Madzi ochulukirapo, pakapita kanthawi chotsani madzi owonjezera poto.

Thirani - kuchotsa dothi lakale, kudulira kwa mizu youma

Chomera chakale chimasinthidwa pakatha zaka zisanu ndi zitatu, ndikusankha mphika wokulirapo, mmera wachinyamata - chaka chilichonse.

Pofuna kuti tisawononge mizu, timagwiritsa ntchito njira yotumizira: imasungidwira m'chiwiya china chowonjezera pamodzi ndi dothi losakanikirana, ndikuwonjezera gawo lina.

Kuswana kwa mchisu

Kuberekanso kwa toyesa kumachitika m'njira ziwiri:

• kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu;
• kudula.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito zodulidwa imawonedwa kuti ndi yabwino, chifukwa mawonekedwe amitundu akhoza kutayika pamene chomera chatsopano chikaperekedwa kuchokera kwa njere.

Kudula

Opaleshoniyo ikuchitika mu Januware-February kapena Julayi. Kuti muzike mizu bwino, sankhani ana ochepa osakhazikika komanso odulidwa pambuyo pake a 6 cm. Masamba otsika amachotsedwa, masamba otsalawo amafupikitsidwa.

Gawo limathandizidwa ndi mankhwala omwe amathandizira kupanga mizu. Adabzala pansi, madzi. Chotetezachi chimayikidwa pamalo otetemera, wokutidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu, yemwe amayenera kuchotsedwa pafupipafupi kuti mpweya wabwino. Mizu imawonekera pakatha milungu iwiri kapena itatu.

Kuchokera kwa mbewu

Chidebe chosaya chodzazidwa ndi chisakanizo chophatikizika cha peat ndi mchenga chiyerekezo cha 1: 1. Chosambitsidwa ndi yankho la fungicide. Gawaninso mbewuzo pansi, ndikuzaza ndi wosanjikiza wowonda womwewo. Phimbani beseni ndi galasi kapena filimu. Khalani pamalo abwino komanso otentha mpaka 19 ° C. Mbewu zimathandizidwa nthawi zonse ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, zimathirira madzi. Kuwombera kumawonekera pambuyo pa masabata 1-2.

Kukula kwa mbande

Pambuyo pakupanga masamba awiri owona, amakwiriridwa m'magulu osiyana okhala ndi dothi losakaniza mchisu. Kukula kwa mbande kumayamba nthawi ikangokolola.

Chisamaliro cha Myrtle

Myrtle ndi chomera chomwe sichifuna chisamaliro chapadera kunyumba, koma, monga mbewu zina, chimafunikira kupanga malo abwino kukhalapo kwake.

Kuwala ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwabwinobwino. Kuwala kuyenera kukhala kowala, koma kosiyana. Kumuwonetsa kwambiri dzuwa mwachangu ndikowopsa kwa iye.

Myrtle iyenera kusungidwa kutentha:

• nthawi yamasika ndi chilimwe - 18-20 ° C;
• nthawi yozizira - osapitirira 10ᵒᵒ.

Mphepo yatsopano imakhala ndi phindu pa duwa, motero mpweya wabwino mchipindacho umalimbikitsidwa. Amakonda mpweya wonyowa, masamba amayenera kutsanulidwa tsiku lililonse, makamaka masiku otentha. Kuthirira kwambiri kumafunika mchaka, chilimwe komanso nthawi ya mvula, mmera umathiriridwa madzi akangotentha. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa, koma muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mtunda suuma. Nthawi yomweyo, kusunthira kwa chinyezi sikuyenera kuloledwa, komwe kumatha kubweretsa mizu. Kutsirira kosaloledwa kumapangitsa kuyanika osati masamba okha, komanso zimayambira.

Myrtle sifunikira chisamaliro chovuta, kuyankha bwino umuna wa feteleza, kuvala pamwamba ndikofunikira kuti mbeu ikule komanso maluwa.

Njira yothirira

Zothirira ntchito chokhazikika chokhazikika, osachepera tsiku, madzi. Mukukula kwa nyengo (kasupe-chirimwe-nthawi yophukira) madzi mokwanira atangokhala pamwamba lapansi. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira sikucheperachepera, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti dothi siliphwa.

Kuti zitsitsimutse mchisu, ngati dothi lapansi mumphika liume, chomera chomwe chili ndi poto chimamizidwa m'madzi. Kusungitsa chinyezi cha mlengalenga, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika kuchokera pa mfuti yolusa pogwiritsa ntchito madzi othirira.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira, chakudya chamasamba chokhazikika chimachitika kamodzi pa sabata, pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wazomera zam'mimba kapena feteleza ovuta a mchere. Feteleza wa Phosphate ndi wofunikira kuti maluwa ayende bwino, mitengo ya nayitrogeni ndiyofunikira kuti mitengo ipangidwe bwino. M'nyengo yozizira, kudyetsa sikofunikira.

Pa maluwa

Ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe mungasamalire myrtle nthawi yamaluwa. Pofuna maluwa okongola kwambiri, mule umayikidwa mumphika wolimba kapena kuti udulidwawu ukasiyidwa, umuna ndi feteleza wokhala ndi phosphorous yambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito, pambuyo pake umaoneka bwino kwambiri.

Panthawi yopuma

Mtengowo umasinthidwa kukhala wozizira, wotentha mpaka 10 ° C, koma malo owala, khonde lowoneka bwino lingakhale labwino. Pakadali pano, chomera chimathiriridwa kamodzi pa sabata, kuwongolera kuti matalala sawuma. Simungathe kudyetsa maluwawa kapena kuthira manyowa osapitilira 1 mwezi umodzi kapena masabata 5.Kumwaza ndikofunikira ngati poto wayikika mu chipinda chotentha. Kutsika kwamasamba kumachitika mbewu ikatentha. Ndi kuyamba kwa masika, kukongola kwa chitsamba kudzabwezeretsedwa.

Kukonzekera yozizira

Kukula kogwira ntchito nthawi yozizira kumachepetsa, nthawi yopumula imayamba. Kwa icho, mbewuyo imakonzedwa pang'onopang'ono:

• kuchepetsa kutentha kwa zomwe zili;
• chepetsa kuchuluka ndi kuthirira kwa kuthirira.

Momwe mungapangirere myrtle

Kuti mupange korona wokongola, gwiritsani ntchito kudulira. Ndikwabwino kuchita izi kumayambiriro kwa masika kapena kumapeto kwa nthawi ya maluwa. M'chilimwe, mutha kuchotsa nthambi zowonjezera zingapo. Korona amatenga mawonekedwe a piramidi ngati chomera sichidulidwa. Nthaka imalolera kudulira bwino, mtengowo ungapatsidwe mawonekedwe aliwonse a geometric.

Pali njira ziwiri zochitira izi:

• kudulira
• kutsina.

Kukula

Mwa kukanikiza, korona wokhala ndi nthambi zambiri, zobiriwira amatha kukwaniritsidwa, koma kuchuluka kwa maluwa kumatsika kwambiri chifukwa chakuti maluwa amachotsedwa. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito chaka chonse.

Chomera chimakhala chochepa kudulira, ndibwino kuzichita mchaka. Pokonza mphukira zam'mbali, mtengo umapangidwa, kudula mphukira za apical kumapereka chitsamba chamtchire.

Duwa la mchira, chisamaliro chomwe pakhomo sichiri cholemetsa kwambiri. Chidziwitso chake chikuphatikizidwa ndi fungo labwino komanso kukongola kwa korona.

Kuphatikiza pa kukongola kokongoletsa, duwa lanyumba la mchisu limakhala ndi mikhalidwe zingapo zothandiza komanso katundu wochiritsa. Imayesedwa ngati chizindikiro cha kubadwanso, kuyera, unyamata, kubereka, kutchuka, kupambana m'moyo, chifukwa cha izi, kuyambira kalekale chidali ndi zinthu zamatsenga. Mulimonsemo, chomera chomera cha DIY ichi chidzakongoletsa nyumba ndikupanga bata ndi mtendere m'banjamo.