Alpine astra - nthawi zambiri imatchedwa Korzhinsky aster kapena yabodza, ndipo nthawi zina amasokonezedwa ndipo amatchedwa Alpine chamomile. Udzu wofunda udzu wofeserawu wazika mizu ku Russia, chifukwa umasiyanitsidwa ndi kupulumuka kwakanthawi kochepa komanso utoto wazithunzi.
Kodi aspine aster amawoneka bwanji?
Maluwa amafanana kwenikweni ndi pachaka, koma apa ndi pomwe kufanana ndi ting'onoting'ono kumatha. Kupanda kutero, mbewuyo ili ndi zambiri zosangalatsa.
Kufotokozera kwa mtengowu kumanena kuti msatsi wa herbaceous osatha kukula mpaka 35cm, koma pali mitundu yamtali yotalika masentimita 10 okha. Masamba ndi masamba obiriwira amtundu wakuda wobiriwira amatha kupindika.
Aster alpinus
Ma inflorescence ndi mabasiketi amodzi kumapeto kwa chimango chokhazikitsidwa mpaka masentimita 5.5. Limamasula ndi maluwa oyera, ofiira, a lilac, ofiirira kuyambira June mpaka Ogasiti. Mitundu yoyambirira imaphuka mu Meyi ndipo imaphukira mpaka Julayi, ndipo kenako mu Julayi kokha, pachimake, komabe pitilizani kukondweretsa diso mpaka chisanu. Kuchokera pa maluwa ofota maluwa okhala ndi mphonje yoyera amapangidwa, yakucha ndi Seputembara.
Zowonjezera! Aster alpinus ndi wa mitundu ya dicotyledonous komanso banja la asters (Asteraceae).
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yakhala ikugonekedwako, kukhala ndi kholo limodzi, kufotokozedwa ndi Karl Linnaeus mu 1753. Tonse, mitundu itatu yobiriwira ya zipatso za mapiri amadziwika:
- Serpentimontanus (Zmeinogorskaya) - herbaceous osatha chomera 8-10 masentimita, maluwa 3,5 masentimita awiri apinki-ofiirira ndi chikasu pachikaso, amakonda miyala yamiyala ndi m'miyala pafupi ndi mitsinje;
- Tolmatschevii (Tolmacheva) - amasiyana ndi Zmeinogorsk imodzi mwa maluwa akuluakulu achikatikati;
- Vierhapperi ndiye wamtali kwambiri mpaka 35cm kutalika, maluwa omwe ali ndi maluwa apinki kuyambira Juni mpaka Julayi, amapezeka ku Eastern Siberia, Alaska, Western Canada, ndi Colorado.
M'malo achilengedwe, ma alpine aster ndiofala ku Russia (adalembedwa m'mabuku a Red Red) komanso ku Europe, komanso ku Asia, China, North America. Kulima kunayamba m'zaka za zana la XVI. Groundcover imayenda bwino ndi ambiri pachaka, koma kwambiri apeza ntchito popanga minda yamiyala.
Mitundu yotchuka ya mitundu yoyera, ya buluu, yapinki
Mthunzi wofunikira ukhoza kupezeka pakati pa mitundu yoyambirira komanso mochedwa. Chisankhochi ndi chokwanira mokwanira, ndipo pafupifupi mitundu iliyonse imamasulidwa masiku 35 mpaka 40.
Albus ndi yoyera yokhala ndi theka yopendekera pakati ndi yachikasu yokhotakhota, kutulutsa kuchokera mu June mpaka Julayi. Msinkhu - kuchokera 15 mpaka 20 cm. Maluwa ofikira mpaka 4 cm. Amakonzekereratu mthunzi komanso kuthirira pang'ono.
Albus
Happy End ndi mtundu wamtali komanso wotchuka kwambiri, mpaka 30cm kutalika, kutulutsa maluwa okongola ndi abuluu kapena ofiira owoneka ngati chikasu (mpaka 4 cm m'mimba mwake) kuyambira Meyi mpaka Juni. Mitundu imataya mawonekedwe ngakhale itayamba chisanu.
Mapeto osangalatsa
Goliyati - mitunduyo idatchuka chifukwa cha maluwa ake akulu kwambiri (mpaka 6 masentimita), mthunzi wake womwe umatha kusiyanasiyana kuchokera ku pinki wofiyira mpaka wobiriwira wa lilac buluu (wamaluwa amtundu wa chimanga). Mabasi mpaka 20 cm.Maluwa amatenga Juni onse.
Goliyati
Ruber - mitunduyi imakhala ndi zolepheretsa zamtunduwu, maluwa (m'mimba mwake mpaka 4 cm) ali ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino wa rasipiberi. Maluwa oyambilira - agwira Meyi ndi June. Mabasi amakula mpaka 30 cm, ndipo amakula mpaka 50 cm.
Ruber
Violetta - mtundu wosakanizidwa watsopano, ndi wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya buluu ya aspine (buluu). Limamasula kuyambira Meyi mpaka June ndipo limakhala ndi maluwa obiriwira okazungulira (mpaka 5 cm mulifupi). Kutalika kwa tchire kumakhala mpaka 40 cm.Yokwanira kudula.
Violet
Dunkle Schone - yabwino kwa mafani amitundu yofiirira. Pa tchire lokwera mpaka 30 cm, maluwa ambiri amatulutsa maluwa (kutalika kwa masentimita 5) a utoto wofiirira. Masamba nthawi yamera kumera imayamba imvi, kenako imayamba kubiriwira.
Dunkle schone
Astra osatha zipatso: kukula kwa mbewu
Kukula motere ndikosavuta, koma motalika: nthawi yodikira mbande imayambira milungu itatu mpaka inayi, ndikofunikira kuganizira pokonzekera kubzala.
Kutchera mphamvu ndi dothi
Kuzama kwa mizu kumafika mpaka 30 cm, kotero zida zomangira ziwiya zimatengedwa ndi kutalika kwa 35 cm (ndikutali kwa ngalande). Kwa mbande, magalasi 10-15 masentimita okwera ndi oyenera.
Nthaka ndi yachonde, ndikuwonjezera humus, peat ndi mchenga kwa iwo m'njira zofanana. Kuphatikiza apo, ufa wa dolomite umayambitsidwa (ungathe m'malo mwa zipolopolo za mazira).
Kukonzekera ndi kufesa mbewu
Kubzala kumachitika ndikukula kwa 1 cm iliyonse.Dothi limathiriridwa mokwanira ndikuphimbidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu kuti apange greenhouse.
Kuwombera kumawonekera pa kutentha kwa + 15-18 ° C. Pakati pa njere, ndikofunikira kuti posachedwa ikhale 20cm malo otseguka, komanso mumtsuko kuti ndikosavuta kutsamira.
Nthawi
Ngati njira yobzala idasankhidwa, ndiye kuti kufesa kumachitika mu February.
Zofesedwa poyera koyambirira kwa Meyi kapena pang'ono koyambirira kumadera akumwera (Krasnodar ndi Stavropol Madera). Mukachedwa kufesa, ndiye kuti maluwa adzabwera chaka chamawa.
Momwe mungasamalire mbande
Mbande imalowa mu siteji ya masamba awiri a masamba awa. Ngati mbande idawonekera mu theka loyambirira la Marichi kapena ngakhale koyambirira, ndiye kuti kuwunikira kowonjezereka ndikofunikira (maola masana - maola 10).
Madzi pang'ono pokha dothi likauma bwino. Pakadutsa masiku 7- 7 asanalowerere panthaka, kuumitsa kumayamba kuchokera theka la ola, ndikukula pang'onopang'ono mpaka maola awiri.
Tikufika
Mbeu zobzalidwa m'munda wamaluwa nthawi yowopseza chisanu, yomwe imapha kwambiri asters, idatha 100% kale. Ngati masika achedwa, ndiye kuti mutha kuwachotsa pansi pa filimuyo, yomwe imachotsedwa pakatha sabata.
Zofunika! Kukazizira koyamba kumachitika mwachangu!
Njira yobwereza
Pogulitsa mutha kupeza masamba a alpine aster a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, operekedwa muzotengera.
Ichi ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri zobzala zomwe zitha kugulidwa nthawi iliyonse kuyambira Meyi mpaka Seputembala ndipo nthawi yomweyo zibzalidwe m'malo okhazikika. Nthawi zambiri amasankha, popeza zimakhala zovuta kukula mbande.
Kubzala poyera kumachitika koyambirira kwa Meyi, kusungitsa potalika masentimita 20 pakati pa mbewu zamtundu wina. Zikamera, zimathirira madzi pokhapokha ngati ndizofunika, chifukwa kudandaula mopitirira muyeso kumawononga.
Aspine aster beter imabereka nthawi yayitali bwanji
Asterine wa zipatso zam'mapu zimaberekanso mosavuta. M'chilimwe ndimadula, ndipo mu Seputembara amagawa tchire zaka 3-4.
- Kugawanitsa
Tchire ikangofika zaka zapakati pa 3-4, imatha kukumbidwa mu Seputembala kapena Meyi, kugawidwa mosamala m'magawo awiri a 2-3, kuti mudzalale malo atsopano. Ndondomeko mosamalitsa tikulimbikitsidwa, monga kwambiri zokulika chitsamba ayamba kukalamba, kutaya kukongoletsa kwenikweni, maluwa amatha.
- Kudula
Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pobereka mitundu yapamwamba.
Tengani thunthu la 8-10 masentimita ndi 2 kukula. Sakanizani dothi ndi phulusa, mchenga ndi peat ndikudzaza zotengera zomwe zodulidwazo zimazika mizu (kuzikidwa ndi 4 cm). Mapangidwe a mizu ndi masabata anayi, pambuyo pake amadzalidwa malo okhazikika.
Kupatsirana kumachitika mu maenje akufikira, omwe amakumba mtunda wa 20 cm kuchokera wina ndi mnzake kapena kuposerapo. Dzazani mizu ndi dothi labwino, kenako mulch bwino, kuti musamasule nthaka komanso nthawi zambiri kuti muchotse udzu.
Zinthu zosamalira nyumba ya Aster alpinus
Ngati mungasankhe kukula mu chidebe pazenera, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ochepa. Mu otchedwa alpine chamomile, kukula, kusamalira, kubwezeretsa kunyumba ndikosavuta.
Kutentha kwa + 15-18 ° C (masabata 3-4) ndikokwanira kumera kwa mbewu. Ngati kutentha kwatentha, mbande zimawonekera kale. Ku + 20-22 ° C mbewu imamverera bwino kwambiri pachaka. M'nyengo yozizira, mkati mwa matalala, kuchepa kwamtundu kuchokera 0 mpaka + 10 ° C ndikofunikira.
Zofunika! Astra imakonda kuwala kosasunthika, imalekerera pang'ono. Dzuwa lachindunji limafunikira nthawi ya maluwa.
Miphika imathirira madzi pokhapokha dothi likadzaza mpaka 5-10 cm kuchokera pamwamba.
Kumwaza sikofunikira, koma nthawi zambiri tchire limayankha moyenera ngati chomera chili pafupi ndi pomwe pali mpweya wabwino (pakhonde kapena pafupi ndi zenera lotseguka).
Mulingo wabwinobwino wonyowa mchipindamo (50-60%) wa asters ndi wabwino kwambiri.
Nthaka amakonzedwa chonde komanso lotayirira. Zomasuka zimayilowetsedwamo: mchenga, miyala ing'onoing'ono, komanso peat. Astra imafunikira calcium kuti ipeze zakudya, ndiye kuti ufa wa dolomite kapena zipolopolo za mazira ophwanyika amasakanikirana ndi dothi.
Feteleza wa mchere wovuta amapatsidwa nthawi 1-2 pachaka, popeza mmera ndi waomwe umamera pang'onopang'ono ndipo kuchokera pazochulukirapo za feteleza umatha kufota.
Kodi limamasuka liti komanso motani
Pakatikati, maluwa osiyanasiyana amatenga masiku 30-45.
Mtengo wama inflorescence ndi dengu momwe maluwa amkati mwa tubular amakhala ndi corollas yachikasu, ndipo gawo lamanja limapangidwa kuchokera ku maluwa akutali a pinki, oyera, abuluu ndi ofiirira. Ma hybr ena amatha kukhala ndi dengu lodzaza ndi mtundu womwewo.
Mawonekedwe, inflorescence nthawi zambiri imawoneka ngati chamomile, momwe ma petals aatali amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osavuta, otanthauza, m'mphepete mwa wavy.
Mitundu yambiri yomwe ilipo yogulitsa pa Meyi-June, koma mu malo ogulitsa mungapezenso ena akutuluka kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Pamene tchire limaphuka, madzi ake amawonjezeka kwambiri. Ngati nthawi yotsalayo, ndi mvula yokwanira, kubzala sikungathiridwe madzi konse, ndiye nthawi yamaluwa, kuthirira ndikofunikira sabata iliyonse. Maluwa owuma, ngati mbewu sizofunikira, amachotsedwa kuti zitsamba ziziwoneka zokongola kwambiri.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula
Mwambiri, ndiukadaulo woyenera waulimi, Alpine aster samayambitsa mavuto. Zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zingamveke bwino.
Gawo lobiriwira m'mapiri limayamba kusanduka chikasu, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsa kuti matendawa adayamba kumera kapena kuti awuma. Mankhwala othandizira amachitika ndi mankhwala oyenera, kutsirira kumakulitsidwa.
Zofunika! Spider nthata ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi tizirombo tating'onoting'ono ta aspine asters. Motsutsana nawo, amathandizidwa ndi Akarin, omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana.
Zovuta za powdery mildew nthawi zambiri zimatha kuwoneka patchire. Gwero lake limachulukitsa nayitrogeni m'nthaka komanso nyengo yonyowa. Kuthirira ndikuchepetsa ndi chithandizo ndi Topazi kumathandizira, ndipo m'dzinja, tchire limafafizidwa ndi yankho la mkuwa wa sulfate.
Maluwa ochepa komanso mawonekedwe otuwa amawonetsa kukula kwa kubzala. Ndi chinyezi chambiri, asters amafota ndikufa mwachangu. Ngati malo omwe amafikisidwa amasankhidwa kwambiri, ndiye kuti masamba sangakhalepo konse.
Alpine aster ndiwosatha wokondedwa ndi wamaluwa, wosiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndi ma tchire osiyanasiyana. M'munda uliwonse, mungasankhe mitundu yosangalatsa!
