Duwa lam'kati limafalikira mpaka 30 cm, limakhala ndi mizu yotalika kuposa masentimita 10. Koma limakula mwachangu, ndiye kuti chaka chilichonse mbewuyo imafunikira mphamvu yatsopano. Kuti njirayi ikhale yopambana, ndikofunikira kudziwa malamulo amomwe mungasinthire cyclamen.
Thirani mbewu
Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti duwa lipatsidwe ndi poto yaying'ono yomwe imapanikizika nthawi yomweyo. Ndikofunika kuchita ndi transcant ya cyclamen pachaka. Njirayi imapewetsa mizu ndikuthandizira maluwa. Njirayi imakhala yokonzekera komanso magawo akulu, pomwe gawo loyambirira liyenera kuperekedwa mwachidwi.
Kukongola kwamaluwa
Kukonzekera tchire
Nthawi zonse muyenera kukumbukira kuti kufalikira kumapangitsa mbewu kukhala yovuta. Chifukwa chake, cyclamen iyenera kukhala yokonzekera njira yomwe ikubwera. Amatsimikiziridwa makamaka kuyambira nthawi ya mwambowu - ziyenera kuyenderana ndi chiyambi cha kukula.
Tcherani khutu! Mwa mitundu ya ku Persia, kugona tulo kumachitika m'miyezi yosiyanasiyana, ku Europe gawo ili kulibe. Chizindikiro choti cyclamen ikhoza kuikidwa ndi mawonekedwe a masamba atsopano pa tuber.
Mukamakonzera mbewu, imachita izi:
- duwa limachotsedwa mosamala mumphika wakale;
- sansani nthaka ndikuchotsa mizu;
- Atazindikira zowola ndi zosasokoneza zina, mizu yovuta imadulidwa.
Cyclamen wotengedwa mumphika
Chomera chimayikidwa kwakanthawi mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate kuti ipangitse magawo. Kenako, pitani pokonzekera tanki yatsopano.
Kusankha kwa mphika ndi dothi
Simuyenera kutenga mphamvu zochulukirapo, pokhapokha ngati mbewuyo iwongolera zomwe zikuluzikulu kuti zikulitse mizu ndikuwonongeka kwa mlengalenga. Zimatsata chifukwa choti m'mimba mwake mumakhala mulifupi waukulu kwambiri wa tuber ndi masentimita 2-3 okha.
Zofunika! Osatengera kuti chidebecho ndi chatsopano kapena chagwiritsiridwa ntchito, chimasulidwa kale ndipo chongodzazidwa ndi dothi.
Pali chosakanizira chopangidwa ndi nthaka ya Tulip chogulitsa, choyenera maluwa chamkati. Mutha kupanga gawo lapansi mwa kutenga:
- 1 gawo la peat, humus, mchenga;
- Magawo atatu a pepala;
- vermiculite yaying'ono (vermion).
Popewa matenda, onongerani tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tisanayikirane cyclamen mumphika wina, dothi liyenera kuwerengedwa mu uvuni kwa maola awiri.
Njira
Atamaliza kukonzekera, amayamba kubzala mbewu pachidebe chatsopano. Ma aligoramu a pang'onopang'ono akuwoneka motere:
- pansi pa mphikawo panali njerwa yaying'ono yophwanyika kapena dongo lokulitsa;
- dzazani thanki ndi dothi;
- tuber imayikidwa pakati, ndikuwaza chitsamba kuchokera kumbali ndi nthaka;
- Dothi limapangidwa bwino ndikunyowa.
Ngati madzi atadzala pang'ono, nthaka ikadakuliridwanso mumphika.
Kuchotsa duwa kukhala mumphika watsopano
Pokumba cyclamen, tuber sanayikidwa kwathunthu. Mtundu wa Persian, ikuyenera kuwoneka 1/3. Mu dothi lopanda dothi la ku Europe, mapendekedwe 1.5 cm asiyidwa.
Kusamalira kunyumba pambuyo pakuthana
Ngakhale cyclamen yosinthidwa bwino imafunikira pazinthu zomwe zikukula. Mbewu ikapanikizika, iyenera kuyang'anitsitsa, kuwunika zonse zofunika paukadaulo waulimi.
Chinyezi
Cyclamen amakonda kwambiri chinyezi. M'nyengo yotentha, mutha kuwaza ndi madzi ofunda kuchokera pa mfuti yopopera, kuyesera kuti chinyezi chisafike pamalo okula (apo ayi chitsamba chidzafa). Ndondomeko ikuchitika pomwe pali kuwonjezeka kwa msuzi wobiriwira. Cyclamen itangolowa gawo ladzala, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumayima.
Kutentha
Duwa lakunja sakonda kutentha. Chifukwa chake, m'chilimwe, kutentha m'nyumba kumasungidwa pafupifupi 20-22 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, imatsitsidwa mpaka 10-15 °, ngati chitsamba chili pamalo ofunda, ndiye kuti mutha kuchepetsa pang'ono. Chipindacho chizikhala ndi mpweya wokwanira nthawi zonse. Nthawi yomweyo zolemba siziyenera kuloledwa.
Malo
Cyclamen sakonda dzuwa lowongolera. Chifukwa chake, ikani miphika yamaluwa kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwawindo. Ngati izi sizingatheke, sankhani mbali yakumwera, ndikupatsirani kuwala. Mawindo akumwera sakhala oyenera chifukwa cha kuwunika koyipa (makamaka nyengo yozizira).
Malo abwino
Kuthirira
Chomera chimalekerera chilala pang'onopang'ono, chimadwala chifukwa chodulira madzi. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kutsitsa duwa m'malo mochulukitsa, ndikuwonjezera madzi poto. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumatengera gawo la chitukuko:
- maluwa, dothi limakhala lonyowa nthawi zonse;
- kumapeto kwa maluwa, pafupipafupi kuthirira kumachepa.
Mitundu ina yophatikizidwa ndi makanema ojambulira komanso masamba oponya, nthaka mumphika imasungunuka nthawi ndi nthawi kuti isafe.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Chomera chikangomera mizu, chifunikira zakudya zina zowonjezera. Chitani izi patatha mwezi umodzi mutayikidwa chidebe chatsopano, pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wophatikiza wa michere yokongoletsera.
Ndondomeko mobwerezabwereza aliyense 3 milungu mpaka chiyambi cha budding. Ma bloclamen atangolowa, pafupipafupi kuvala kwapamwamba kumachepetsedwa 1 nthawi pamwezi.
Njira zolerera
Oyamba, omwe amakonda kwambiri maluwa apanyumba, amachita chidwi ndi momwe angafalitsire bwino cyclamen kuti isataye kukongoletsa kwake. Kuchita m'njira zingapo: khanda, kufesa, tsamba ndi kugawaniza kwa tuber.
Mbewu
Kuti muzitha kutolera nokha zipatso, muyenera kukhala ndi ma tchire angapo oyipitsa m'nyumba. Chifukwa chake, ndikosavuta kugula mbewu za cyclamen zopangidwa mu shopu yamaluwa. Njira yolereka imawonedwa ngati yabwino koposa, makamaka kwa mitundu ya ku Persia.
Ngati chomera chitha kuikidwa mumphika watsopano mwezi uliwonse, ndiye kuti kufesa ndibwino kuchitikira mu Ogasiti, kutsatira algorithm:
- konzani shuga ya 5% ndikuthira nthangala zake;
- Mbewu yomwe yakhala pansi imaponyedwa popanda chisoni;
- ndiye mbewu imasamutsidwa kwa maola 8-12 kukhala yankho la Zircon (ma 4 akutsikira pa 0,5 chikho cha madzi);
- Mbeu zochotsedwa mu biostimulant zimayikidwa pamipanda ya thonje ndikukutidwa ndi mabandeji kuti azitupa;
Zofunika! Kuti mbewu zizike mizu bwino, ndikofunikira kuti zimere, ndikusiyira tsiku lomata.
- thireyi yopanda pulasitiki (makamaka yowonekera) imadzaza ndi chisakanizo cha peat ndi mchenga, amatengedwa chimodzimodzi;
- kufalitsa mbewuzo pansi ndikuwazaza ndi dothi losakaniza mpaka 1 cm;
- chidebe chimakutidwa ndi filimu ya opaque.
Wobiriwira nthawi ndi nthawi amathandizira ndikuwanyowa. Cyclamen kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba amapatsa mbande zoyambirira m'mwezi ndi theka. Kanemayo amachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo, thirakitayo imasamutsidwa kumalo abwino (15-17 °), malo owala bwino.
Mabwenzi ochezeka
Nthaka zimamera pansi pomwe mutu umagwa pansi ndipo masamba awiriwo amatuluka. Muyenera kubzala zitsamba zatsopano mumbale zazing'ono (mwachitsanzo, makapu apulasitiki).
Chotengera chija chimadzazidwa ndi mchenga, peat ndi sheet land (1: 2: 4,). Mbande zibzalidwe m'nthaka, kusonkha mankhwalawo ndi pang'ono. Chovala chapamwamba choyamba cha mbande chimachitika mkati mwa sabata, kutenga feteleza wamaluwa m'misasa yocheperako ("Tsvetovit", "Ferovit", "Kemira Lux").
Mumphika wokhazikika, wokhala ndi mainchesi osaposa 8 masentimita, tchire tating'onoting'ono timasungidwa pambuyo pa miyezi 6. Pankhaniyi, tuber simamizidwa kwathunthu pansi, ndikusiya gawo lachitatu pamwamba.
Ndikofunikira kuchita kuthilira kwanyengo kwa achinyamata mbewu.
Zofunika! Kuti chinyezi chiziyenda mwachangu mizu ya mbande, gwiritsani ntchito bomba. Poyamba, dothi lomera limasungunuka katatu pa sabata. M'tsogolo, mbande ikazika mizu m'miphika umodzi, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa mpaka 1 m'masiku 10.
Ana
Njirayi ndiyotchuka pakati pa alimi, chifukwa imapereka chitsimikiziro chachikulu cha kupulumuka. Ndondomeko ikuchitika mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe, pamene ana angapo adapangidwa pachitsamba cha chiberekero. Mukasankha minicubber wathanzi labwino kwambiri ndi impso, chitani izi:
- anyezi amadulidwa mosamala kuchokera ku tuber yayikulu;
- kumizidwa mu gawo lapansi mwachizolowezi cha cyclamen, kutsanulira mu peat kapena kapu ya pulasitiki;
- Pamwamba amaphimba ndi mtsuko wagalasi, atamanga kanyumba kakang'ono-pang'ono;
- nthawi ndi nthawi malo ogona amachotsedwa ndipo nthaka imayang'aniridwa kuti ikhale chinyezi;
- Pakatha milungu iwiri, pomwe masamba oyamba amatuluka, mtsuko umatsukidwa ndikuyang'anira mwana, mwachizolowezi.
Kusankha khanda
Pakapita kanthawi, mmera umasunthidwa mumphika wamaluwa. Patsiku la 30 mwana atalekanitsidwa ndi zakumwa za mayi, kuvala pamwamba kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wopanda mchere.
Gawoli la Tuber
Yesetsani kufalitsa cyclamen mwanjira iyi pang'ono momwe mungathere, chifukwa muyenera kuvulaza mizu. Kudula nthawi zambiri kumatha ndi kuvunda kwa Delenki ndipo kumatha kupangitsa kuti chifuwa cha chiberekero chife. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi pokhapokha pazowopsa.
Zofunika! Kuti mupeze cyclamen yathanzi, kubereka magawidwe kumachitika pokhapokha pakupuma.
Konzekerani njirayi mosamala, chitani mwachangu, kutsatira malangizo:
- tsiku loti agawanike, dothi limasungunuka kotero kuti tuber ndikosavuta kuchotsa;
- mizu imatsukidwa ndimadzi ofunda, osakhazikika, ndikuchotsa dziko lonse lapansi;
- tsamba la mpeni wakuthwa kwambiri limayatsidwa pamwamba pa lawi ndipo limaloledwa kuziziritsa;
- muzu umagawika bwino kwambiri m'magawo awiri (mochulukirapo, 4) magawo; pa aliyense wa iwo payenera kukhala malo okukula ndi “chidendene” okhala ndi mizu;
- Delenki kuvala pepala loyera ndikumauma kwa maola 2-4;
- magawo amathandizidwa ndi wobiriwira wonyezimira, ndiye wothira ufa wam makala ndikusiyidwa kwa maola ena 18;
Kufalitsa ndi magawo
- mankhwala okonza miphika, kusakaniza kwa dothi ndi ngalande;
- Musanadzaze gawoli, dothi limanyowa.
Kusamalira mbewu kumachitika potsatira zomwe zimafunikira monga ndikuyika chitsamba chambiri.
Mapepala
Sikuti aliyense amadziwa momwe cyclamen imayambira kuchokera pamapepala molondola. Ngati simukusamala mawonekedwe a njirayi, pamapeto pake mutha kupeza mbale yowola yokha. Tsamba lotengedwa kuchitsamba sikamamera m'madzi. Sizotheka nthawi zonse kuchita izi mu gawo lapansi.
Mitundu yokha ya ku Europe ya cyclamen ndi yomwe ingafalitsidwe mofananamo - imapanga mizu yamiyendo pamasamba. Maluwa aku Persia alibe zotere.
Njira yokula masamba
Kuti njirayi ikwaniritse bwino, malamulo otsatirawa amatsatiridwa:
- timapepala tokhala ndi mizu osadula, koma thawani;
- nthawi yomweyo, kachidutswa kakang'ono ka mutu ndikamachoka;
- ndiye muyenera kubzala phesi mu gawo lapansi, ndikukulitsa, ndikuphimba ndi wowonjezera kutentha.
Zochita zina zonse - monga kuchulukitsa cyclamen mothandizidwa ndi ana. Njira yamasamba ndichosankha mwachangu. Patha sabata lachitatu, phesi limatha kuwombera. Zimangokhala kuti zizimusamalira bwino.
Cyclamen ndi chomera chokongola kwambiri chomwe chimatha kusangalala ndi maluwa nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Popeza mwaphunzira kupanga ndi kuuchotsa bwino, mutha kupanga paradiso pazenera lanu. Kudziwa kukula kwa cyclamen kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba (kapena njira ina), mutha kupatsa okondedwa anu maluwa ochepa maluwa
