Chomera chokongoletsera alendo chimatha kukongoletsa dimba. Amakondedwa kwambiri ndi akatswiri olima minda komanso opanga masamba opangira masamba obiriwira, komanso mtengo wotsika wa zinthu zakuthupi, nthawi ndi kuyeserera kwakuthupi kuti mukule. Masamba ake amatha kukhala osiyanasiyana akulu, mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe. Ma inflorescence ndi achisomo, onjezerani masamba ambiri. Mitundu yawo imasiyanasiyana kuyambira yoyera mpaka yofiirira komanso yamtambo yamdima. Kuti zitheke bwino, mbewuyo imafunikira chisamaliro choyenera, kuphatikiza zina ndi zina.
Momwe mungasinthire kwa wolandirayo: m'dzinja kapena masika
The hosta ndi nthawi yofananira, gawo lobiriwira limafota nthawi yozizira, ndipo mbewuyo imapulumuka chifukwa cha mpweya wamphamvu kwambiri wokhala ndi michere ndi masamba ophukira kwa mphukira yaying'ono nyengo yachisanu.
Hosta m'munda
Wokolola akagulitsidwa, zimatsimikiziridwa ndi mitundu ya mbewuyo ndi lingaliro la wokolola m'munda iyemwini, chifukwa zitha kuchitidwa masika, chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira. Njira imapangidwanso kuti ipangitsenso mbewuyo ndikuipatsanso mphamvu. Kuphatikiza apo, wolandirayo amakula mwachangu, amakhala m'malo akuluakulu kwambiri ndikusokoneza malo oyandikana nawo. Chifukwa chake, pamafunika kugawa kwa nthambuyo.
Zofunika! Nthawi yosinthika yomwe mumakonda ndi masika, ndipo nthawi yophukira siyabwino kwenikweni chifukwa cha kusowa kwa nthawi yopulumuka m'malo atsopano. Kuphatikizira kwa malowedwe kumatha kuchitidwa mwa zaka khumi zokha za Seputembala, popeza kuzika kwamadzi kumatenga milungu 4-5.
Mosasamala kanthu za nthawi ya kalendala, sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndikusintha chomera pamtunda wotsika pang'ono (pansi + 5 ° C).
Ubwino wa Kukhazikitsa Masika:
- kukula kwanyengo kumayamba;
- mizu imakula mwachangu;
- kuzolowera malo atsopano kumakhala kopweteka kwambiri;
- Dothi latenthedwa kale, komabe limakhala lonyowa;
- ngati kuwonjezeredwa kwa makamu sikunachitike munthawi yabwino, masamba a chomera atha kukhala opanda thanzi, kutaya kowala ndi kusakhazikika.
Kodi ndizotheka kusamutsa wolowera dzinja
Mitundu ina ya makamu, mwachitsanzo, Hosta sieboldiana ndi Hosta Tokudama, amasiyana ndi mbewu zina chifukwa zimayamba masamba ndikuyamba kupanga mizu. Ngati kusinthanitsa kwa alendo ndi kwabwino, funso silikhala - nthawi yotentha kapena nthawi yakugwa.
Hosta sieboldiana
Mitundu ina amathanso kuiwokanitsa m'chilimwe, koma kwa iwo sinayankho labwino kwambiri. M'chilimwe, anthuwa amakhala. Maluwa si cholepheretsa pozula. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti chomera chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri nthawi yamaluwa, ndipo mwina sichikhala chokwanira kuzika mizu. Chifukwa chake, ma peduncles amayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yachilimwe ndikusintha. Amadulidwa mwachindunji pamakumba oumba.
Ndikofunikira kusankha tsiku losatentha lamtambo kuti lisinthidwe kuti muchepetse mbewu. M'miyezi yachilimwe, kutha kwa Ogasiti ndiye nthawi yabwino kuyamba kufalikira kwa wolandirayo, ndipo mwezi wa Julayi ndiye woyipitsitsa.
Wosangalatsa
Kodi ndizotheka kusamutsa wolandirayo mu June
Chiyambireni cha Juni sichabwino, koma nthawi yabwino yosinthira makamu, makamaka ngati kasupe adatenga nthawi yayitali ndipo matalala adachoka mochedwa.
M'madera osiyanasiyana aku Russia, momwe malo omwe zilimo ziliri komanso zaka zambiri zomwe odziwa zamaluwa amazindikira kuti ndizotheka kusintha malo okhala kumalo ena mdera linalake:
- Ku Siberia ndi Urals, chilimwe chimakhala chachifupi ndipo kumapeto kumazizira msanga, kotero hosta imazika mizu bwino ikagulitsidwa kumapeto kwa Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa Juni, pomwe nyengo yonse yachilimwe ili patsogolo kulimbitsa mbewu;
- Pakati mseu waku Europe wa Russian Federation, kuphatikiza m'matawuni, wamaluwa amakonda kumuika m'dzinja.
Momwe mungakhalire komanso momwe mungagawire wolandira nawo
Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe wolandirawo amakhala nkuti chifukwa mizu yake yakula. Sizimangokhala malo akulu, komanso zokongoletsera za mmera zimachepa. Chifukwa chachiwiri chikhoza kukhala kufalitsa mbewu, kulengedwa kwa nyimbo zatsopano.
Zofunika! Simungatenge ndi kugawana ndi wolandirayo zaka 1-2 mutabzala. Kuti ikule bwino, ma rhizome ayenera kukhala amphamvu mokwanira. Zowonjezera zazing'ono zimatenga nthawi kuti zizolowere, pokhapokha kukula kwawo kwachangu kumayamba.
Nthawi zambiri mmera umafika pachimake pa chitukuko mchaka chachisanu kapena chisanu ndi chimodzi. Chifukwa chake, zitatha zaka 5, nthawi imafika pamene kuli kotheka kukhazikitsa wolandirayo.
Musanagamule kwa alendo, muyenera kuyandikira kusankha malo abwino kwambiri. Zomera monga malo opanda mthunzi kapena malo owala pang'ono. Ndiwopangira chophimba pansi pa mitengo.
Hosta pansi pa mtengo
Kuwala kwawoko kumavomerezedwa bwino ndi mitundu yomwe imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira, koma ndikofunikira kuzidziwitsa dzuwa lokha. Mthunzi wathunthu sulepheretsa kakulidwe kazomera, ngakhale kuti nthawi zina kumatha kubweretsa maluwa.
Hosta sikufuna kwambiri pamadothi, koma amakonda gawo lapansi lokhala ndi michere. Nthaka yovunda ndiyabwino, ikhoza kusunga chinyezi, koma popanda kusayenda kwamadzi. Malo otsika osefukira madzi osefukira sayenera kukwera.
Zofunika! Ngati dothi ndi lolemera kwambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwonjezere mchenga wamtsinje, ukakhala lotayirira kwambiri, kenako peat.
Njira zopititsira:
- Amakumba chitsamba chachikulire mpaka pakuya kwapakatikati, kuyesera kulowa pansi pa mizu popanda kuwononga mizu;
- Zomera zimatulutsidwa mosamala. Ngati bizinesi yosavuta ikapangidwa, ndiye kuti nthaka yokhala ndi mizu imangogwedezeka pang'ono. Ngati ndi kotheka, gawani ndi kubzala chitsamba, mizu imatsukidwa kuti ichotse dothi ndikutsuka m'madzi kuti liwonekere;
- Dzenje latsopano limakonzedwa potengera kukula kwa phala. Mukamagawa - pafupifupi 0,4x0.4 m ndi 0,5 m kuya. Ngati mbewu zingapo zibzalidwe, osayika zitsime moyandikana. Malo ofikira malo amafunika kuti mizu ikule, poganizira zosinthika zosowa, ziyenera kukhala zokwanira: osachepera 0,5 mamitengo akulu akulu, 0,3 m kwa mitundu yaying'ono;
- Zida zowongolera (miyala ing'onoing'ono, tchipisi ta njerwa, ndi zina) ndi chosanjikiza cha kompositi kapena peat zimayikidwa pansi pa dzenjelo;
- Mizu imayang'aniridwa mosamala, yowonongeka ndikuuma ndikuchotsedwa. Kwa kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kwa mphindi 10 kamizidwa mu yofooka njira ya potaziyamu permanganate;
- Kenako imayanikidwa panja (osachepera maola 1.5), kenako nthambizo zimagawika m'magulu ndi mpeni wakuthwa, ndikuwaza mabala ndi phulusa la nkhuni. Gawo lirilonse logawanika liyenera kukhala ndi mizu yolimba komanso osachepera 2-3 mphukira kapena masamba;
- Zomera zokhazokha zimayikidwa pakatikati pa dzenje, yokutidwa ndi dothi, yoponderezedwa pang'ono. Khosi la mizu limakhala pamwamba.
Magulu ogawa
Zofunika! Zomera zobzalidwa kumene zimathiridwa kwa milungu iwiri tsiku lililonse.
Ndi kufalikira kwa nthawi yophukira, muyenera kusamalira kutentha kwanyengo yachinyamata. Amakutidwa ndi masamba owuma kapena nthambi za mitengo yamlombwa, kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira masamba amatha kudula, kungotsala mpaka 15 cm.
Wogulitsidwayo
Momwe mungadyetsere ochititsayo kuti akule
Pambuyo poika mu kugwa, kuphatikiza chomera sichofunikira, kasupe munyengo yakuthala ndikudutsa nthawi yonse yogwirayo, imafunika kuvala pafupipafupi. Izi zikugwiranso ntchito kwa anthu osakonzekera.
Kuti muwonetsetse thanzi, zomwe zimatanthawuza kusunga mawonekedwe okomera a chomera, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungadyetsere womwambayo, nthawi yake komanso momwe angachitire moyenera komanso kuchuluka kwa feteleza.
Makulidwe okhala ndi zinthu zambiri
Pakuyamba kwa nyengo yakukula, kumapeto kwa Epulo-Meyi, mbewuyo ikakhala kuti ikukonzekera kuzizira kuyambira nyengo yachisanu ndikuyamba kukula, hoste imapatsidwa feteleza wophatikizana ndi michere.
Monga kavalidwe kapamwamba kapamwamba, kompositi masamba, zotsalira zingapo zachilengedwe (nthata za tirigu, makungwa a mitengo, ndi zina) zomwe zimayikidwa pansi pa zitsamba zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kukonzekera kwa mchere kuyenera kukhala makamaka nayitrogeni wofunikira kuti mbewu zimange zobiriwira zambiri.
Zofunika! Kufufuza ndi feteleza wa mineral kumachitika pambuyo pa ulimi wothirira kapena mvula. Zimasungunuka m'madzi ndikuthira pansi pamzu, kupewa kuthana ndi masamba.
Pafupifupi milungu iwiri itadutsa kuvala koyamba masika, kumatha kuchitika kachiwiri.
Ngati chomera sichikula bwino, ndipo pali vuto, kuposa kudyetsa amene akuchititsayo kuti akule bwino, ndiye ma minerals ma minerals omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma amapangidwanso chimodzimodzi munjira ziwiri:
- Ndikutula dothi pansi pa chitsamba, ndipo ma granles amabalalika pamenepo. Kapena zimadulidwa ndi kuthiriridwa;
- Ndi yankho la feteleza monga maluwa a Aquarin, Agrovitakva, ndi zina zotero, gawo la mlengalenga limathiridwa.
Zofunika! Kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi masamba amtambo ndi amtambo wabuluu, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito chifukwa chophwanya lamulo la zoteteza.
Momwe mungadyetsere ochititsa mu June
Ngati organic ikufunika kuthira manyowa kamodzi mu nthawi yopuma komanso nthawi yachisanu isanazizire, ndiye kuti maofesi amamineral amatha kudyetsedwa onse a June komanso koyambirira kwa Julayi. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndi masiku 15 aliwonse, koma osapitilira kanayi kwa nthawi yonse yogwira.
Mu Ogasiti, koma osadutsa pakati pake, wolandirayo akudyetsedwa ndi feteleza wa phosphate-potashi wofunikira kuti apange chakudya chambiri nthawi yachisanu. Ndikokwanira kuchita izi nthawi 1-2.
Zofunika! Mukadyetsa omwe akukalandira alendo, kudzisamalira ndikofunikira. Izi ndizowona makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe komanso kuvala mochedwa. Kupanda kutero, adzawononga mphamvu zake zonse pakupitilizabe kukula ndipo sadzalola nyengo yozizira.
Feteleza kwa makamu
M'chaka choyamba kapena chachiwiri cha moyo wa chomera, ngati zokwanira zachilengedwe zidayambitsidwa nthawi yobzala, wolandirawo safunikira kuwonjezera. Kufunika kwa umuna kumatsimikiziridwa ndi boma la mbewu. Ngati chikuwoneka bwino ndikukula, ndikulimbikitsidwa kukana feteleza owonjezera. Anthu ofooka amafunikira.
Feteleza wa organic:
- pepala kompositi;
- nthaka ma cobs;
- chakudya chamafupa;
- manyowa owola;
- singano zouma za conifers.
Mwa feteleza wama mineral mu granules, Bazakot ndi Osmokot ndi abwino.
Feteleza wa Osmokot
Pakumapeto kwa Ogasiti, kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- superphosphate;
- kalimagnesia;
- potaziyamu sulfate.
Zithandizo zabwino komanso zodzipangira nokha, mwachitsanzo, kulowetsedwa phulusa, wolemera mu potaziyamu. Phulusa limapezeka ndikutola ndi kuwotcha nthambi zodula ndi masamba owuma nthawi yophukira. Kenako phulusa 0,3 kg limayikidwa mumtsuko wamadzi ndikuwadziwitsa kwa masiku angapo. Ndi chida ichi, thirirani nthaka pansi pa masamba musanadye nyengo yachisanu, ndikumwaza dothi loonda pamtunda.
Wokongoletsayo ndiwowonjezera munda uliwonse, umakwanira bwino m'malo osiyanasiyana. Kukulitsa ndikosavuta, ndipo ngati mutsatira malamulo osavuta posamalira chomera, mutha kupanga mawonekedwe apadera patsamba lanu.
