Nkhaka ndi imodzi mwa masamba omwe amafunidwa kwambiri, amadya mwatsopano kapena zamzitini. Zakudya zam'madzi ndi zakumwa zam'madzi - choyamba chotukuka pamasamba athu. Kuti mukule nkhaka, muyenera kuyesa ndikupatsa masamba zonse zofunika kuti mukolole bwino.
Nthano yochepa: malamulo oyambirira odyetsa nkhaka
Nkhaka imatengedwa kwambiri kwambiri capricious munda mbewu. Kuti chitukuko chabwino ndi fruiting chikhale ndi nthaka yothirira, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo chomera sichimalola zinthu zothandiza kwambiri m'nthaka. Kuti muyese kuchuluka kwa zakudya ndi kulimbitsa ndi thanzi la nthaka, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungadyetse nkhaka mutabzala pansi.
Mukudziwa? Yoyamba m'mbiri ya nyumba zosungiramo zitsamba inamangidwa ku Roma wakale. Anamera nkhaka - ndiwo zamasamba omwe ankakonda kwambiri mfumu Tiberius.
Mitundu ya feteleza
Nkhaka zimachita chimodzimodzi kwa organic ndi mchere feteleza; muyenera kungozindikira njira yabwino yothira nkhaka. Mwa organic mankhwala chikhalidwe chimatenga bwino mullein kulowetsedwa - Ndi olemera mu nayitrogeni, mkuwa, sulfure, chitsulo ndi potaziyamu. Kuwonjezera pa zakudya, kulowetsedwa kumapereka chomera ndi chitetezo ku matenda.
Chicken zinyalala lili ndi nayitrogeni, potaziyamu, phosphorous ndi magnesium, zomwe zimapanganso kukana matenda ndi kuyambitsa kukula kwa zomera. Chitsime chabwino cha nayitrogeni ndi kulowetsedwa kwa udzu wovunda, ndipo feteleza imatayika ammonia, yomwe imayambitsa zomera, pamene pereplevaniya mofulumira kuposa zamoyo zamoyo.
Ndikofunikira! Manyowa a mahatchi a nkhaka ndi ovomerezeka mwachidule: pali ammonia ochulukirapo, omwe amagawanika pansi, amatulutsa nitrates yokonzedwa ndi nkhaka. Zipatso za zomera izi ndizoopsa kwa thanzi.
Mchere wamchere Pakuti nkhaka yotseguka ndi yofunikanso, popeza mu zokongoletsera za organic zimapezeka muzing'ono. Chofunika kwambiri pazochitika zonse za moyo wa nkhaka ndi nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Potaziyamu nkhaka akhoza kupereka zachilengedwe mchere mankhwala - phulusa. Urea - njira yabwino kwambiri yotengera nayitrogeni kwa nkhaka, ndipo phosphorous idzaonetsetsa kuti imayambira superphosphate.
Maonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito
Pali mitundu iwiri ya umuna wa nkhaka.
Wopambana kumveka pamwamba Nkhaka yotseguka nthaka - njira ya feteleza pansi pa chitsamba, pafupi ndi kuthekera ku mizu. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, kumatengedwa, popeza sikoyenera kuti feteleza iwonongeke. Zovala zapamwamba zofananako zimatha kuwotcha masamba ndi mapesi.
Zovala zapamwamba za Foliar nkhaka ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwala omwe amatsogoleredwa pamwamba pa gawo la nkhaka: masamba ndi mphukira. Njirayi imakhala yotetezeka kwa masamba, chifukwa feteleza sikuti imakhala ngati mizu.
Momwe mungapangire kalendala ya nkhaka za feteleza mutabzala mutseguka
Kuwonjezera pa zomwe zingameretse mchere, muyenera kudziwa nthawi zambiri kuti mudyetse nkhaka pamalo otseguka. Pofuna kuyendetsa ndondomekoyi komanso osasokoneza nthawi ndi mtundu wa kuvala, kupereka nkhaka zofunika pa nthawi yeniyeni ya moyo ndikuletsa kuchepa kapena kupitirira chinthu chilichonse, muyenera kupanga kalendala yodzikongoletsera. Pangani mawonekedwe a tebulo ndi ma graph of dates, mitundu ya feteleza (organic kapena mineral fetereza), njira yogwiritsira ntchito (mizu ndi foliar) ndi graph, zomwe zimaganizira zakudya zomwe zimayambitsa (nayitrogeni, phosphorous, etc.).
Kodi, nthawi komanso momwe mungadyetse nkhaka mutabzala pansi, ganizirani pansipa.
Kudyetsa kachiwiri 
Choyamba kudya chikhalidwe mutabzala mu nthaka ikuchitika ndi maonekedwe a masamba awiri kapena atatu olimba. Mavitrogeni amafunika kuti kukula bwinoko. Izi zikhoza kukhala feteleza wamchere - urea. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito - basal, kuchuluka - supuni imodzi ya ufa pa 10 malita a madzi. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito organic mullein - kuchepetsa 500 g pa 10 malita a madzi, manyowa ndi mizu njira.
Kuvala katatu zofunika pa nthawi ya maluwa. Nkhaka kwa mapangidwe a full-fledged mavava amafunika potaziyamu. Zosakaniza feteleza zoyenera ndi phulusa: magalasi awiri pa lita khumi za madzi.
Kuposa kudyetsa nkhaka poyera pansi nthawi yachinayi? Kudyetsa uku kumachitika kale pa nthawi ya fruiting., chomeracho chikusowa nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu.
Kudyetsa koyamba - pambuyo pa maonekedwe a chipatso. Gwiritsani ntchito yankho la nitrophoska (supuni imodzi pa madzi 10 malita), njira yopangira foliar. Patatha mlungu umodzi, chakudya chachiwiri chimapangidwa ndi njira yodalirika, ndi njira yothetsera mullein ndi kuwonjezera potaziyamu sulphate (10 l madzi, 500 g wa mullein, 5 g wa potaziyamu).
Ndi bwino kudyetsa nkhaka mutatha pansi
Kudyetsa nkhaka ndikofunikira pa magawo onse a moyo wa zomera. Kugwirizana ndi mlingo wa feteleza, kusinthana kwa mchere ndi makina a organic, kufotokozera panthawi yake zinthu zofunika pa nthawi iliyonse kudzakupatsani chakudya chokoma ndi chochuluka.
Mukudziwa? Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa nkhaka ku Russia kunapangidwa ndi nthumwi ya Germany ku Russia, Herberstein. Mu 1528 adalongosola masamba awa paulendo wake woyendayenda paulendo wopita ku Muscovy.
Kodi manyowa nkhaka nthawi yomweyo atatha mbande
Mavitrogeni amachititsa kuti mbewuyo ipite patsogolo. Mukasankha panja, dzenje limaphatikizidwira ku mbande. supuni ya ammofoski. 
Dyetsani nkhaka ndi organic feteleza zomwe nayitrogeni, kulowetsedwa kwa mullein, nkhuku manyowa ndi udzu.
Pakati pa mabedi owazidwa ndi nkhuni phulusa, yomwe imalowa m'nthaka mutatha kuthirira. Phulusa imakhala ndi calcium, yomwe imafulumira kukula kwa mbewu. Kuonjezera apo, popeza phulusa ndi mankhwala achilengedwe, ikhoza kudyedwa kangapo panthawi ya zomera.
Feteleza nkhaka pa maluwa
Kutangotsala pang'ono kuyamba maluwa zolimbikitsa feteleza wa nkhaka pamalo otseguka - Mullein kulowetsedwa ndi Kuwonjezera wa superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulphate. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, onani kuchuluka kwake: 200 g wa mullein, 5 g wa superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulphate pa 8 -10 malita a madzi.
Patangotha sabata, maluwawo akubwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza, m'malo mowonjezera mavitamini kwa mullein ndi nitrophoska (1 tbsp L.) ndi kuchepetsa mlingo wa mullein kufika 100 g.
Kodi kudyetsa nkhaka pa fruiting
Tiyeni tione momwe tingamwetse nkhaka kukolola. Feteleza yatsimikiziridwa bwino pa fruiting nkhuku manyowa. Zokhudzana ndi nthaka, mkuwa ndi nitrojeni mmenemo zimadzaza nkhaka ndi zinthu zofunika kuti kukula ndi kulawa kwa zipatso. Zojambula za nkhuku zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamadzi.
Kudyetsa nkhaka pa fruiting ayenera kukhala ndi magnesium ndi potaziyamu.
Pa nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito fruiting potaziyamu nitrate (25 g saltpeter pa 15 malita a madzi), pangani njira yodalirika.
Ndikofunikira! Mu nthawi yafupipafupi mvula, nkhaka amakhala otengeka kwambiri ndi nkhanambo. Potaziyamu nitrate pakagwiritsidwe ntchito sikuti ndi feteleza chabe, komanso ngati chitetezo cha matenda.
Kodi kudyetsa nkhaka bwino bwanji pakamatera pansi, nsonga wamaluwa
Musanayambe feteleza nkhaka pamalo otseguka, ndibwino kuti mudziwe kuti ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zikufunikira, ndi kuchuluka kotani komanso zotsatira zake chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zinthu zina.
Kukula, nkhaka amafunika nayitrogeni, koma musanayambe kudyetsa iwo ndi mankhwala a nayitrogeni, ganizirani za kuchuluka kwa nkhaka za ulimi wothirira. Popanda chinyezi, mizu sidzatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa zinthuzo. Ndi kusowa kwa mankhwala, zimayambira ndipo masamba amatha kusamba, masamba amasanduka achikasu, zipatso zimasintha mtundu wobiriwira ndi kutaya kukoma kwawo.
Manyowa a nkhaka yotseguka ayenera kuphatikizapo phosphorous. Phosphorus imagwira ntchito zonse: kukula, maluwa ndi fruiting. Izi zimalimbitsa mizu ya nkhaka, zimayambitsa kukula kwa zovuta zamtunduwu, kumawonjezera kukana matenda ndi nyengo. Kuperewera kwa chiwalo kumabweretsa matenda, chitukuko chofulumira komanso mazira ochuluka. Njala ya njala ya phosphorus ndi mthunzi wofiira wa masamba.
Potaziyamu ndi zochepa zofunikira kwa nkhaka. Zokwanira kudyetsa nkhaka kawiri, ndipo nyengo yokula idzatha popanda zovuta. Popanda potaziyamu, nkhaka zimakhala zowawa, chifukwa ndi potaziyamu yomwe imayambitsa shuga mu zipatso.
Ndi chiyani chinanso chomwe nkhaka zimakhala, momwe angadyetse chomera, pambali pazinthu zazikuluzikuluzo? Calcium, boron, magnesium, manganese, iron, sulfure, ndi zinc ndizofunika kwambiri kwa nkhaka. Choncho, Pofuna kukula mbewu zabwino ndi zokoma, m'pofunika kuti zinyama komanso feteleza feteleza zisinthe.
Ubwino wa zopangidwa ndi mchere feteleza ndizoti muzowonjezera amawonjezera mchere ndi zinthu zonse zosiyana. Nyimbozi ndi zovuta komanso zosavuta, mungasankhe kuchokera ku kuchuluka kwa sitolo zamasitolo ndi pansi pa chikhalidwe, ndi moyo wina.
Osakhala waulesi kuti mudziwe zambiri za mbewu zomwe mukukula. Kudziwa makhalidwe a kulima ndi kusamalira kwawo kudzakuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi zakudya zokoma, zathanzi komanso zabwino kwambiri.
