Mtengo wa Melon - zipatso zomwe umapereka ndi komwe umera

Kufunika kwa mbewu zoyambirira ndi zipatso zachilendo kukuchulukira chaka chilichonse. Anthu ali ndi chidwi chongoyesa zipatso zakunja, komanso akuyesera kuti azilime okha. Mtengo wa Melon, kapena pepino - imodzi mwazosankha zomwe zimapezeka pazomera zachilendo zomwe sizingokulitsa, komanso kubereka zipatso mu nyengo za Russia.

Kodi pepino, chipatso chimawoneka bwanji

Pepino ndi chitsamba chobiriwira chokhazikika chamtundu wa Solanaceae. Kutalika kwa mtengowo kuli pafupifupi 1.5 m. Chifukwa chakufanana kwake ndi kukoma kwa vwende ndi mango, chitsamba cha pepino chinalandira mayina "mtengo wa vwende" ndi "nkhango yamango". Nthawi zina, chifukwa chofanana ndi kapangidwe ka chipatsocho ndi peyala, zitsamba zimatchedwa "melon pe."

Pepino wokhala ndi zipatso

Ndikosavuta kufotokoza chomera chifukwa mtundu uliwonse umakhala ndi mtundu wake wamtundu. Mwambiri, titha kunena kuti, kunja, imaphatikiza zizindikiro za mitundu yosiyanasiyana: thunthu limawoneka ngati biringanya, maluwa ali ngati mbatata, masamba amafanana ndi tsabola.

Zipatso za mtengo wa vwende zimatha kukhala zowongoka, zozungulira, zooneka ngati peyala. Mtundu wa pepino wakucha umasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku kirimu mpaka chikaso chowala. Peel imatha kukhala yamawangamawanga kapena yamdima yakuda. Kulemera kwa pepino kumachokera ku 200 mpaka 750 g.

Kuguza kwa chipatso ndi kowutsa mudyo, kopanda utoto kapena chikasu, kumakoma ngati vwende yosakanizidwa ndi chinanazi.

Pepino ikhoza kumalidwa ngati wowonjezera kutentha komanso ngati chomera. Komwe mbewuyo imabadwira kuti South America, munthawi yathu imapezeka ku Chile, New Zealand ndi Peru. Peyala ya melon ikupezekanso kutchuka ku Russia.

Mitengo ya Melon

Peyala ya Melon (pepino) nthawi zambiri imasokonezedwa ndi mtengo wa vwende (papaya). Anthu nthawi zambiri amagula nthangala za papaya, akuyembekeza kuti iwo atakula pepino. Popeza kukulira papaya yakunyumba kufesa mbewu sikolimba kuposa peel ya vwende, oyamba kumene amawona zotsatira za ntchito yawo ndipo amadabwa. Anthu ena amaganiza kuti anagulitsa mbewu zolakwika m'sitolo, ena amatsimikizika kwambiri pakusokonezeka, kutsimikizira aliyense kuti adakula pepino.

Pazina la mtengo wa pentagonal melon, chomera monga Babako chimadziwika. Uku ndi kulima kwachitatu kwa namesake pepino kunyumba komwe kuli ndi mawonekedwe ake. Ndikosavuta kusokonezeka ndi ma exotic, makamaka zipatso zisanawonekere.

Musanayesere kubzala papaya, muyenera kuyerekeza ndi chithunzi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ndiye mafupa a chomera cha papaya. Kupanda kutero, chisokonezo chidzayambanso. Mukamagula, ndikofunika kulabadira kulembedwa kwa chikwama ndi mbewu, apo ayi mutha kugula chomera chosadziwika konse.

Kukula Zinthu

Pali zovuta zambiri ndi kukulira peyala ya vwende - nyengo ya ku Russia silingane ndi mbewuyo, ndipo muyenera kuyang'anira kutentha ndi chinyezi mchipindacho. Koma ndi chisangalalo chotani chomwe mungakhale nacho pakukula munthu wopanda mseru payekha.

Mtengo wa Melon mkati

Kuwala

Pepino amakonda kuwala ndipo salekerera kukonzekera, malinga ndi zomwe zikuwonetsa, muyenera kusankha malo omwe angalimidwe.

Kuthirira

Ndikofunikira kupukuta nthaka m'mene ikumera, m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Pazipatso za mtengo wa vwende, kumakhala chinyezi chambiri kumapha. Pa ulimi wothirira, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi okhazikika pa kutentha kwa firiji kuti pepino yofatsa isakhale yopanda phindu.

Kutentha

Kutentha kwabasi kwa kukula kwa masamba a vwende ndi 20-25 ° C. Mfundo yofunikira ndi 14 ° C, ngati kutentha kwa thupi kumatsika, chomera chimatha kufa.

Kuumba ndi Garter

Kuti mphukira zoonda zisathyole ndikukula, ayenera kumangidwa. Kupanga pepino, akatswiri amalangiza mu mphukira za 1-2. Mapazi onse achichepere ayenera kudulidwa mwamphamvu pamanja. Chowongoleredwa kuloza dzuwa, chomera chopangidwa moyenera chimabala zipatso zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi nthawi yakucha padzuwa ndikulandira michere yonse kuchokera kumphepete pang'ono.

Dothi

Chomera chimafuna dothi losakhala ndi ndale, chokhala ndi mpweya wochepa wa nayitrogeni (apo ayi pepino imayamba kupanga chochulukirapo chobiriwira kuti chiwonongetse zipatso). Kutentha kwa malo olimapo sikuyenera kugwa pansi pa 20 ° C.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Ngati feteleza, zinthu zokuthandizira kukula kapena njira yothirira mbalame zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumayamba patatha masiku 14 mutabzala pepino m'malo okhazikika ndipo imabwerezedwanso nthawi 1 m'masiku 14-20.

Maluwa ndi kututa

Patatha miyezi 2-3 mutabzala, pepino imayamba kuphuka. Maluwa a Lilac amawoneka ngati mphukira zopyapyala, zomwe zimamangirizidwa ndi mphukira wapafupi kwambiri, kotero kuti kulemera kwa kulemera kwawo kumatulutsa.

Maluwa

Peyala yamaluwa yakunyumba nthawi yamaluwa iyenera kuyikidwa m'malo opatsa mpweya wabwino ndikuyesera kupanga malo abwino kwambiri. Pakusintha kwazotentha komanso chinyezi, mbewuyo imatha kuponya mazira ndi masamba.

Thumba lachiberekero likaoneka pachomera, pafupipafupi kuthirira kuyenera kuchuluka. Peyala ya Melon ndi chipatso chowala bwino, mapangidwe ake amafunikira chinyezi chambiri. Komabe, sikofunikira kusefukira, apo ayi chipatsocho chikhoza kusweka.

Pepino imakhazikika pakatha miyezi iwiri. Chipatsocho chimakula kukula, chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi fungo labwino. Kuonetsetsa kuti zikusungidwa nthawi yayitali, zipatsozo zimadulidwa ndi ma secateurs popanda kuwononga cholumikizira ndi mwendo. Pepino imatumizidwa kumunsi kwa firiji ndikuisunga kwa miyezi 1 mpaka 2, kutengera mitundu.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mtengo wa vwende ku Russia

Pali mitundu yopitilira 20 ya melon peel, koma ndi mitundu iwiri yokha yokha yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito polimidwa m'malo amtundu wa Russia: Consuelo ndi Ramses. Wamaluwa ochokera kudera lotentha nyengo amatha kuwabzala pabwalo kuti apeze mbewu.

Zosiyanasiyana Consuelo

Pepino Consuelo

Zosiyanasiyana zidalembedwa mu State Register mu 1999, zomwe zidalimbikitsidwa kuti zibwezeretse malo obiriwira komanso malo achitetezo.

Pepino Consuelo sikufuna kutsina kwa nsonga (zamkati). Zimayambira ndi wofiirira, wopitilira 150 cm, wolimba kwambiri kupanga masitepe. Masamba ndi ochepa, athunthu, obiriwira owoneka bwino.

Maluwa amawoneka ngati mbatata. Mitundu ya petals ndiyoyera, ambiri amakhala ndi mikwaso yofiirira. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti maluwa oyera oyera samapanga thumba losunga mazira, koma kutha.

Pakatha miyezi 4 itamera, mbewu yoyamba itha kukolola. Zipatsozi zimakhala ndi kulemera kwa 420 mpaka 580 g. Khungu limakhala losalala, lalanje, lalanje, lokhala ndi mikwaso yofiirira. Maonekedwe a pepino amtunduwu amafanana ndi mtima wokhala ndi mutu wopanda kanthu. Kuguza kwa chipatso chake ndi kwamkaka kwambiri, kotsekemera, komwe kununkhira kaphokoso.

Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi zipatso zambiri komanso kumera bwino.

Makamu Osiyanasiyana

Pepino Ramses

Mitundu iyi idalembedwanso ku State Record mu 1999. Yalimbikitsidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ku Russia konse. Chomera sichimakhala chambiri, ndipo mphukira pamwamba pa 1.5 mivi. Masamba ndi apakatikati, amtundu wobiriwira wakuda, konseko.

Mtundu ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa ndi ofanana ndi osiyanasiyana Consuelo. Ramses imasiyanitsidwa ndi kucha kale: pambuyo pa miyezi 3.5. Zipatsozi ndizopindika, zopindika, kuyambira 400 mpaka 480 g. Malinga ndi State Record, mtundu wa khungu la zipatso ndi wachikaso, koma malinga ndi malingaliro, ma pepino Ramses nthawi zambiri amapakidwa utoto wa kirimu wokhala ndi madontho a papo.

Khungu limakhala loonda, lophika. Guwa lake ndi lachikaso, lamadzi, lonunkhira wowoneka bwino.

Mitunduyi imakhala yolimba kuposa Consuelo, imamera bwino ndipo kuisamalira bwino kumapereka zipatso zabwino.

Momwe mungakulire kunyumba

Pali lingaliro lomwe pepino lotengedwa ndi njira yodulidwa limapereka zipatso zokulirapo komanso zotsekemera. Izi zitha kutsimikiziridwa dzanja loyamba.

Kukula pepino kuchokera ku mbewu

Popeza kuwunika kochulukirapo masiku a chilimwe kungayambitse thumba losunga mazira, ndibwino kufesa pepino m'dzinja. Chifukwa chake mbewuyo imatha kukhala ndi nthawi yoti ipange, pachimake ndi kuyika zipatso zipatso dzuwa lisanalowe. Mutha kubzala mbewu nthawi ya masika, koma pamenepa tchire lomwe lakhazikika ndikupanga ovary liyenera kuti lisinthidwe.

Nthawi zambiri amalemba pafupi kumera pafupifupi 100% mbeu za pepino. Izi mwina zimayambitsidwa pofuna kutsatsa mbewu, popeza akatswiri amawerengera kumera kwa peyala ya vwende ndi 50-60%.

Sikuti mitundu yonse ya pepino yomwe ili ndi mbewu.

Pepino yomwe imamera pakhomo kuchokera pa mbewu:

1. Sankhani chidebe choyenera kumera, mwachitsanzo, chidebe cha pulasitiki.
2. Pangani mabowo pansi. Ikani ngalande ndikuyika mchenga wowuma womwe kale umawotchera mu uvuni kuti utetezedwe matenda ophera tizirombo.
3. Ikani dothi lazopopera m'zotengera. Kanikizani pang'ono kuti mbewu zisamire mwakuya.
4. Patulani dothi ndi yankho la maziko a msingi.
5. Fatsani mbewuzo pang'onopang'ono.
6. Phimbani beseni ndi foil kapena galasi.
7. Landings imayendetsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku, inanyowa ndikofunikira ku botolo lothira. Ndikofunikira kwambiri panthawiyi kuti muzitsatira kutentha kwa 25-28 ° C.
8. Phytolamp kapena gwero lina lowunikira limayikidwa masentimita 10-15 kuchokera pachidebe. Dosing imachitika mozungulira nthawi yonse, kuchokera kufesa mpaka kutola.
9. Mbewu zikuluma m'masiku 7, koma si onse. Ena sangamere mpaka masiku 30. Pamene pepino imakula, nyali iyenera kusunthidwa pambali. Mphukira zina sizingathe kukhetsa chovala cha mbewu povunda. Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kuwathandiza pochotsa chipolopolo ndi singano yoyera.
10. Mtengo wachitatu ukawonekera, mbande zimakwiriridwa mumakapu osiyana.
11. Pakatha sabata, mphezi zimasinthidwa kukhala maola 16.

Mbande

Mbande zitha kuyitanidwa ndi makalata, koma mbewu zosalimba sizingatheke kufikira zowonjezera kukhala zotetezeka komanso zomveka. Ndikwabwino kuyesa kuzikulitsa motsatira njira yomwe tafotokozayi pamwambapa.

Ngati njere zofesedwa m'dzinja, ndiye kuti pofika masika mbewuzo zimamera mwamphamvu. Kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, kuphulika kumayimitsidwa ndipo mbewuzo zimayikidwa pazenera.

Palibe zovuta kusamalira mbande kuposa mtundu wina uliwonse:

• Kutsirira kumayenera kukhala kwachizolowezi, koma osachulukirapo;
• Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika pakatha masabata awiri mutalowa pansi pa madzi. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wovuta, kuchepetsera mlingo wapawiri, kapena kuvala mwapadera kwa mbande. Bwerezani kamodzi masiku 14;
• Kusinthika kukhala zida zazikulu kumachitika pambuyo pa kuwonekera kwa masamba 6-8.

Kukula pepino kuchokera kudula

Kuthyoka pakapangidwe ka mwana wopeza sikungathe kutayikiridwa, koma kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zodulira mizu. Masamba otsika amadziduladula ndikuikamo kapu yamadzi kapena kuyika dothi lopepuka.

Kuphimba pepino sikofunikira, koma nthawi zambiri mudzafunikira kupopera mbewuzo. Mizu yokhala ndi njira imeneyi yobereka imakula msanga. Ngati phesi lazika mizu pansi, muyenera kuliphatikiza ndi mtanda wa dothi pamizu ndipo mwanjira imeneyi muikeni mumphika.

Dulani zipatso

Kukula pepino kunyumba, makamaka kuchokera ku mbewu, si ntchito yovuta. Kuvomera "zovuta" zoterezi ndi ntchito yosangalatsa yomwe singasiye okonda mbewu opanda chidwi.

Kanema