Nkhunda zapakhomo: Mitundu yabwino, yosamalira ndi kudyetsa

Nkhunda zapakhomo zimakhala zofala, koma mwiniwake amawadyetsa mosiyana. Ganizirani mtundu wa njiwa ndi momwe mungapangire zinthu zoyenera kuti zisamalire.

Nkhunda zimadya nyama

Nkhunda za nyama zimakulira padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo mitundu yambiri imakhala yochuluka. Mitundu ya njiwa imasiyana kwambiri pakati pawo, koma imakhala ndi chinthu chimodzi chokha - ali ndi zakudya zokoma komanso zokoma, zomwe amphika amakonza mbale zodabwitsa.

Mfumu

Nyama iyi ikuchokera ku United States of America. Kuchuluka kwake kulemera kumachokera ku 600 mpaka 800 g, ndipo nthawi yopatsa ndi masiku 45. Palinso nkhunda zoyendera maulendo, omwe kulemera kwake kumatha kufika 1.5 makilogalamu. Njiwa za njiwa zimakhala zazikulu ndipo zimatha kupanga nkhuku 18 zathanzi ndi zazikulu pachaka. Chiŵerengero cha anthu omwe amapita kukapha amakhala pakati pa 50 ndi 70 - zonse zimadalira momwe ziwanda zinakhalira.

Carnot

Mtundu uwu ndi wokometsetsa koyambirira kwa onse omwe alipo, omwe akubadwira ku France. Kuchuluka kwa nyama yomwe ingapezeke kuchokera kwa munthu mmodzi ndi 700 g. Mbalame za carnot zimakulira muzipinda zapadera zokha. Ophika amadziŵa kuti nyama ya anapiye amakhala achifundo kwambiri kuposa nyama ya anthu akuluakulu.

Monden

Monden ndi fuko lachifalansa lomwe linabadwira mumzinda wawung'ono wotchedwa Mont-de-Marsan. Mbalame zimakhala zokongola kwambiri, ndipo munthu wamkulu amakhala ndi makilogalamu oposa 1. Chofunikira kwambiri chophimba cha mitundu imeneyi ndi kuthekera kudya munthu yense, popeza chiwerengero cha maonekedwe ndi oposa 80%.

Chimphona chachiroma

Mbalamezi zimalandiridwa chifukwa chakuti anabadwira ku Italy, ndipo zolemera zawo zimatha kufika 1.5 makilogalamu. Mtengo wa nyama yodyedwa ndi 60 peresenti ya ming'oma yambiri ya nkhuku. Ubwino wa mtundu umenewu ndi kukana matenda osiyanasiyana. Zimphona za Chiroma zimakhala zabwino kwambiri pobereka nkhunda zatsopano.

Lowani

Mbalamezi zimakhala ndi zolemera kwambiri, zomwe zimafika kufika pa 1200 g. Ali ndi msinkhu wa mwezi umodzi, nestling imalemera pafupifupi 700 g. Akatswiri amalangiza kuti asasunge munthu wina wamkulu kuposa zaka zisanu mmagulu a aviary, chifukwa amathandiza kuchepetsa ana ambiri amtsogolo. Amuna amatha kupanga nkhuku khumi zathanzi pa nyengo.

Sakani

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri, yomwe ingapereke chaka chimodzi kwa anthu 24. Texan ndi ya mbalame zazikulu, chifukwa kulemera kwawo kumafikira 1 makilogalamu. Zotsatira za nyama yakupha ndi pafupifupi 65%.

Mukudziwa? Nkhunda za nyama zimaphatikizapo chakudya cha dziko la Egypt. Njira yaikulu ndi nkhunda zowakulungidwa ndi mpunga. Ndiponso mwa nkhunda yophika msuzi, wotchedwa "Shorba".

Masewera (positi) nkhunda

Kuyambira kale, njiwa zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mauthenga osiyanasiyana pamtunda wautali. Masiku ano, nkhunda zotumizira zakhala kale kale, ndipo dzina lawo lakhala litasinthidwa, tsopano akutchedwa masewera.

Chilankhulo cha Chingerezi

Mtundu uwu umachokera ku Igupto wakale ndi ku Far East. Mbalame zinafika ku Ulaya kale m'zaka za zana la 14 ndipo zinapeza makhalidwe abwino omwe amachokera kunja ndi kuthawa. Zitsulo zamakona zimakhala ndi thupi lalikulu, mazenera akuluakulu ndi mutu wawung'ono. Chinthu chosiyana ndi mulomo, womwe uli ndi kukula, zomwe zimatchedwa nkhondo.

Brussels

Nkhunda za Brussels ziri pakati pa akuluakulu akuluakulu a njiwa omwe amakhala ku dzikoli. Mtundu uwu unabzalidwa m'zaka za m'ma XIX. Mbalame zimadziwika ndi nthiti yaikulu, nthiti ndi mutu. Mchirawo ndi wopapatiza, maso ndi mdima, ndipo mapiko akuumirizidwa kupita ku thupi. Anthu amatha kujambula mitundu yosiyanasiyana: imvi, yakuda, imvi, ndipo nthawi zina - ofiira.

Phunzirani zambiri za nkhunda: kukakamiza kugonana, kukakamiza, nthawi ya moyo; Kodi nkhuku za nkhunda zimayang'ana bwanji ndi kumene zimabisala.

Luttih

Nkhundazi ndi nkhunda zosiyanasiyana za ku Ulaya. Mosiyana ndi Brussels, iwo ali ndi thupi lochepa, koma kuthawa kwawo sikungowonjezerenso pa izi. Mu mtundu uwu, mapikowo ali pafupi kwambiri ndi thupi, ndipo khosi liri lalifupi kwambiri.

Russian wonyamula nkhunda nkhunda

Nkhunda za Russia zimakhala ndi chipiriro chokwanira, chomwe chimawalola kuti agonjetse kutalika kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina. Mbalamezi zimaoneka ngati mbalame zachi German, koma nthawi yomweyo zimakhala ndi mapiko amphamvu kwambiri. Miyendo yanyansidwa, mutu ndi wokongola, ndipo ndalamazo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, nkhunda za Russia zimakhala zoyera, koma pali mitundu ya mitundu ya motley.

Pezani momwe nsanamira ya nkhunda imagwiritsidwira ntchito, komanso fufuzani mtundu wa nkhunda zonyamulira.

Kupuma (kubereketsa) mitundu ya njiwa

Mitundu ya ndege ikusiyana ndi ena chifukwa ali ndi luso lapadera lothawira. Mitundu iliyonse ya nkhunda zouluka zimakhala zake zokha kayendedwe ka ndege, kuti athe kugawa m'magulu awa:

• ojambula - anthu omwe amatha kupyola mapiko pamtunda;
• Mitundu - imatha kupanga ndege zodabwitsa;
• Nkhondo - musakwere kumtunda wokwera, koma zimakhala zovuta kugunda mumchira;
• miyala yothamanga - imakwera kutalika mokwanira, komwe kungakhale maola 10.

Turman ya maso ochepa

Anthu amtundu umenewu ndi amkhondo ndipo ndi ochuluka kwambiri. Mbalamezi zimatulutsa dzina lawo kuchokera kumalo oswana, zomwe zinakhala mzinda wa Berlin m'zaka za zana la XIX. Amuna ali ofanana kwambiri ndi akazi ndipo amakhala ndi thupi laling'ono, mutu waung'ono ndi thumba lalifupi kwambiri. Mbali yowala kwambiri ya kunja ndi mapiko omwe ali pansi pa mchira. Chikhalidwecho chimamenyana kwambiri ndipo chimagwira ntchito.

Moni wa Germany

Oimira zamoyozi ndi a turman ndipo amaonekera chifukwa cha kukongola kwawo. Iyo idalidwa, monga mtundu wammbuyo, ku Germany, koma posachedwa kale - mu zaka za XVII. Mbali yapadera ndi kutalika kwake ndi nthawi yake yochepa, koma pali mwayi kukopa mbalame zina kuthawa. Mu maonekedwe, palinso kusiyana - nthenga ya nthenga kumbuyo kwa mutu.

Mukudziwa? Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa nkhunda kunaonekera zaka zoposa 5,000 zapitazo ku Mesopotamiya. Ku Igupto, mabwinja a njiwa anapezeka m'manda akale a anthu.

Nikolaevsk

Nkhani yoyamba ya mtundu umenewu inachitika mumzinda wa Nikolaev ku Ukraine. Mbali ya ndege ndikumangirira mzere wolunjika wowongoka. Paulendowu anthu sagwiritsa ntchito kayendetsedwe kalikonse kakang'ono. Kuwonekera kwa mbalame kumakhalanso ndi makhalidwe ake:

• kamphindi kakang'ono;
• mapiko akulu;
• miyendo yayitali

Werengani zambiri za njiwa za Nikolaev ndi zomwe zili.

Zikopa zokongoletsera

Zokongoletsera mbalame zimasiyana ndi mitundu ina yonse ndi zina zakunja. Kawirikawiri amakhala ndi kukula kosazolowereka, nthenga zabwino, nkhono zapamwamba komanso mawonekedwe apadera.

Bohemian kosmonogaya zamatsenga

Mbalamezi zinabadwira ku Czech Republic ndipo nthawi zonse zimakopa chidwi cha mtundu wa chess pa mapiko ndi miyendo. Miyeso yayikulu ya thupi ndi mafunde akuluakulu amasiyanitsa ndi mitu yaikulu ya njiwa. Akatswiri amanena kuti njiwa zimenezi zimakhala ndi mtundu wachikuda.

Brno akuwomba

Mitundu yodabwitsa kwambiri ya njiwa, chifukwa ili ndi maonekedwe osakhala ofanana. Mmaonekedwe amawoneka kuti thupi limangirizidwa ndi lamba pambuyo pa goiter, ndipo goiter yokha ndi ya kukula kwakukulu. Nkhono za mbalamezo ndizitali kwambiri, koma poyenda zimamenyana ndi zala zokha.

Pali mitundu yoposa 20 ya nkhuku - njiwa, inflating goiter.

Kupyolera

Mwa anthu amtundu woweta, pamakhala maluwa apadera, ndipo mtundu ukhoza kukhala wotchedwa monophonic kapena spotty. Nthenga zowonongeka zimapezeka pawindo ndi mapiko a mapiko. Mbalame zoterozo zimalota ambiri odziwa bwino mbalame.

Peacock

Oimira mitundu ya peacock ndi okongola komanso okoma mtima, chifukwa ali ndi mchira wokongola. Dzinali linasankhidwa mwachindunji chifukwa cha mchira uwu, umene umapangitsa kuti peacock ikhudze. M'chilengedwe, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbalamezi, koma zotchuka kwambiri ndi nkhunda zoyera. Oimira a mtundu umenewu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zisudzo komanso paukwati.

Saxon wansembe

Oimira nkhundazi amakhala ndi double double thumba ndi nthenga zambiri zapamwamba pamasaya awo. Mu mitundu yonse, mbalamezi zimakhala zoyera nthawi zonse. Chifukwa cha mbalame zodabwitsa izi, mbalamezo zimatchedwa dzina lawo.

N'zosangalatsa kudziŵana ndi khumi ndi awiri mwa njiwa zodabwitsa kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Zinthu zofunika kuti akhale m'ndende

Pakubereka nkhunda, m'pofunika kumvetsetsa kuti mbalamezi ndizochepetseka ku zikhalidwe, komabe ziganizo zina ziyenera kuganiziridwa zomwe zidzakhudza nyama yawo ndi dzira.

Zofunikira pa dovecote

Kuti mumvetse mfundo zoyenera kukonza dovecot, muyenera kudziwa cholinga chosunga mbalame.

Kukula kwa dovecote molunjika kumadalira mtundu wa nkhunda zomwe zidzakhala mmenemo:

• pakuti nyama anthu amafunikira malo aakulu kuti ayende;
• pa masewera mumafunika zida zina zambiri;
• chifukwa cha mpikisano - malo okonzedwa bwino othawa ndi kubwerera.

Ndikofunikira! Ndikofunika kuti mutseke mipata mu nyumba ya nkhunda kuti pasakhale zida zomwe zimakhudza mbalame.

Pogwiritsa ntchito malowa muyenera kuganizira nthawi izi:

1. Mbalame zimafuna mpweya wabwino komanso kuwala.
2. Nkhunda ziyenera kuyenda pa nthaka yofewa.
3. Zida zazikulu za kumanga dovecote ndi njerwa ndi nkhuni.
4. Musaiwale za pulogalamu yotulutsa mpweya wabwino kuti ukhale ndi mpweya wabwino komanso kukokera zinthu zovulaza.
5. Kuwonjezeka kwa madzi omwe amachititsa dampness kuyenera kupeŵa.
6. Kuti mbalame zikhale zathanzi, m'pofunika kukhazikitsa odyetsa ndi oledzera m'nyumba ya nkhunda, momwe chakudya ndi madzi ziyenera kukhalira nthawi zonse. Mbalame yabwino kwambiri ndi mbalame kapena pulasitiki. Odyetsa oterewa akhoza kukhala ndi zinthu zowonongeka.
7. M'pofunikanso kukonzekera chipinda chokhala ndi zikopa, zitsamba ndi zisa.
8. Kwa munthu aliyense ndikofunika kukonzekera malo apadera, otchedwa nsomba. Kumeneko nkhunda zidzagona ndi kubwezeretsa mphamvu zawo. Mtengo wa mtengowo uyenera kukhala wokonzeka mwakuti mbalame zikhoza kuzigwiritsira ndi zala zawo ndi kudzibisa okha.
9. Anthu omwe ali pawiri ayenera kukhala ndi bokosi lawo la kusungirako. Mabokosi amenewa ayenera kuikidwa m'magulu angapo, ngati pali awiri awiri mu chipinda.

Chimene chiyenera kusamala m'nyengo yozizira

M'nyengo yozizira, njiwa zimafuna chisamaliro chapadera.

Pakati pa zinthu zofunika kwambiri panthawiyi ndikofunikira kufotokoza zotsatirazi:

1. M'nyengo yozizira, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti chikhale ndi thanzi labwino komanso kusintha mphamvu yobereka. Zakudya zoyenera ziyenera kukhala zowonjezera komanso kuonjezera mavitamini ambiri ku zakudya, komanso zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Kuonjezera njira zomwe zimapezeka m'thupi la nkhuku, muyenera kuonjezera gawo la chimanga ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe amadya.
2. Pakati pa nyengo yozizira, nkofunika kuti musaiwale za kuyeretsa ndi kupiritsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
3. Pofuna kupewa kuchepa kwa mvula, m'pofunika kuchepetsa kukhala kwa mbalame mvula.
4. Ponena za kutentha, pansi pazifukwa siziyenera kugwa pansi -10 ° C.

Ndikofunikira! M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuonjezera zakudya zamkazi zomwe zimathamanga mazira, koma musamawasokoneze. Madzi ozizira ayenera kusinthidwa ndi madzi ofunda.

Zowonjezera zowonjezera

Zowonjezera zowonjezera zomwe zimafunika kuti mbalame zisamalire zikuphatikizapo zinthu zomwe zingasinthe umoyo wa zinyama.

Osadalira pa famu ya golubevoda ali

• phokoso ndi tsache. Zotsatirazi zidzakuthandizira kuthetsa zinyalala zowonjezera kuchokera pamalo;
• scraper. Chinthuchi chidzakulolani kuchotsa zinyalala ndi njiwa za nkhunda kuchokera pansi ndi zina za nyumba ya nkhunda;
• dengu limene mungathe kuyala zinyalala ndikuletsa kuti lisamwazikane mu chipinda chonse;
• Tsitsi ndilofunika koyeretsa ma dovecotes akuluakulu.

Kutsekula kwa nkhunda kwa nkhunda

Ngakhale kuti nkhunda yokonzedweratu ili ndi ubwino wotani, mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amafunika kutero. Njirayi imathandiza kuthetsa tizirombo zomwe zingayambitse mavuto osagwirizana ndi mbalame. Posankha mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, m'pofunika kuti tione zomwe tizirombo timene timapanga. Ngakhale ngati palibe mbalame zodwala m'chipindamo, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuteteza matenda opatsirana pogonana kamodzi pamwezi.

Momwe mungadyetse nkhunda kunyumba

Ngati mbalamezi zimakula pakhomo, chakudya chawo chidzakhala chosiyana ndi chakudya cha anthu omwe amakhala m'nyumba za nkhunda. Onsewa ayenera kulandira chakudya chokwanira, chomwe chidzakhala ndi mapuloteni oyenera, chakudya, mafuta ndi mavitamini. Nkofunikanso kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse kupezeka kwa madzi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chimbudzi chikhale chabwino komanso kuti zakudya zizikhala bwino.

Phunzirani zambiri za zakudya za nkhunda ndi njiwa.

Mwana wa mbalame

Kudyetsa achinyamata kumakhala ndi zinthu izi:

• Nkhuku zowonongeka zimadyetsedwa ndi sitiroko ya nkhuku yolk kapena chakudya chophatikizidwa choyamba. Chiwerengero cha chakudya pa tsiku ndi 6;
• Pa gawo lotsatila, zakudya za nkhunda zimasintha ndipo zimakhala ndi tirigu wothira mafuta. Nandolo, mapira kapena balere angagwiritsidwe ntchito;
• Patapita nthawi mukhoza kuyamba kuwonjezera uchi ndi dongo lofiira;
• ali ndi zaka umodzi, munthu ayenera kusintha kwambiri zakudya, zomwe ziyenera kukhala ndi mavitamini ambiri. Mukhoza kudyetsa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, ndipo musayiwale za madzi ochulukirapo.

Akuluakulu

Kudyetsa mbalame zazikulu molunjika kumadalira moyo ndi zolinga zomwe amakulira.

Maziko a chakudya chirichonse chimaphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi:

• tirigu;
• balere;
• limodzi;
• chimanga;
• mbewu za mpendadzuwa.

Akuluakulu amafunikira mavitamini ambiri ngati makanda. Choncho, menyu ayenera kuphatikiza masamba odulidwa, kabichi, clover, nettle ndi sipinachi. Panthawi ya molting ndi kubalana, zakudya zowonjezera zimayenera kulimbikitsidwa makamaka makamaka pakuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni. Pochepetsa kuchepetsa kugonana pa nthawi ya molting, tirigu ayenera kusinthidwa ndi oats ndi balere.

Katemera motsutsana ndi matenda

Mbalame, monga anthu, nthawi zambiri zimadwala matenda osiyanasiyana. Kuteteza matenda a anthu onse amafunika katemera. Pali nthenda zambiri za katemera, koma poyang'anitsitsa ndi kuyesa iliyonse ya izo, mutha kutsimikiza kuti zonse zimagwira ntchito mofanana ndipo zingateteze matenda omwewo.

Zovomerezeka kwa mbalame zonse ndi katemera motsutsana ndi salmonellosis. Chifukwa cha katemera uwu, njiwa zimapanga chitetezo cholimba cha matendawa. Kupanga chitetezo choyamba kumatenga masiku angapo pambuyo pa katemera wachiwiri.

Katemera motsutsana ndi nthomba ayenera kuchitika m'madera omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda. Katemera woteteza matenda a Newcastle ayenera kuchitidwa ndi katswiri yekha, monga mankhwala omwe amadzipangira okha akhoza kuwononga njiwa.

Video: chidziwitso chosunga nkhunda

Kuchokera pamwambapa, tingathe kunena kuti zomwe zili ndi nkhunda zimafuna chidwi chenicheni ndi kukhalapo kwa luso linalake ndi chidziwitso. Nkhunda za mitundu yosiyana zimakhala ndi zenizeni zomwe zimayenera kuphunzitsidwa mosamala.